Research Article
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Cooling Potential of Bin Stored Wheat by Summer and Autumn Aeration

Year 2022, Volume: 28 Issue: 1, 145 - 158, 25.02.2022

Mohamed Nejıb El Melkı Khaled El Moueddeb Abdullah Beyaz

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.715508
Cited By: 2

Abstract

A one-dimensional mathematical model based on the formulation of mass and energy balance in stored grain was used to simulate grains storage conditions. The objective of such simulations was to produce grain ventilation strategies. The model was validated using data obtained from the monitoring of wheat stored in a galvanized steel cylindrical tank with corrugated conical bottom ventilated by perforated distribution pipes. A control strategy based on night time aeration from July to November followed by day time aeration for December to January was applied. Good agreement between the predicted and measured storage conditions has been observed (R2= 0.9698, S.E.= 1.479 °C in average temperature and R2= 0.99, S.E.= 0.00079 kg kg-1for moisture content). Night time grain aeration provided sufficient cooling (temperature near 10 °C in November). However, an 18% grain humidification process was induced. Day time aeration started at the end of November corrected this humidification effect for a grain temperature of 15 °C and a grain moisture content of 15% on dry basis.

Keywords

Heat and mass transfer Computer simulation Grain storage Mathematical modelling Warm climate Tunisia

Supporting Institution

Agricultural Research and Higher Education Institution

References

  • Andrade, S.M., Couto, D., Queiroz, y. L., and F. (2002). Three dimensional simulation of the temperature variation in corn stored in metallic bin. ASAE Annual Meeting, Paper No02-3150.
  • Arthur, F H, & Casada, M. E. (2005). F s a c i s w, 21(6), 1027–1038.
  • Arthur, Frank H., Takahashi, K., Hoernemann, C. K., & Soto, N. (2003). Potential for autumn aeration of stored rough rice and the potential number of generations of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky in milled rice in Japan. Journal of Stored Products Research, 39(5), 471–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(02)00038-3
  • B, C. D. S. P. H. (1967). Adsorption and desorption of water vapour by cereal grains and their products, part II: development of the general isotherm equation. Transactions of the ASAE.
  • Bala, B. K., & Woods, J. L. (1984). Simulation of deep bed malt drying. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 30, 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8634(84)80024-4
  • Brooker, D.B., Bakker-Arkema, F.W., & Hall, C. W. (1992). Drying and storage of grains and oilseeds. AVI Book. USA.
  • de Carvalho Lopes, D., Martins, J. H., de Castro Melo, E., & de Barros Monteiro, P. M. (2006). Aeration simulation of stored grain under variable air ambient conditions. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 42(1), 115–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2006.05.007
  • Flinn, P. W., Hagstrum, D. W., Reed, C., & Phillips, T. W. (2010). Insect population dynamics in commercial grain elevators. Journal of Stored Products Research, 46(1), 43–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2009.09.001
  • Hagstrum, D. W. (2000). Using five sampling methods to measure insect distribution and abundance in bins storing wheat. Journal of Stored Products Research, 36(3), 253–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(99)00047-8
  • Iguaz, a., San Martín, M. B., Maté, J. I., Fernández, T., & Vírseda, P. (2003). Modelling effective moisture difusivity of rough rice (Lido cultivar) at low drying temperatures. Journal of Food Engineering, 59(2–3), 253–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0260-8774(02)00465-X
  • Iguaz, A., Arroqui, C., Esnoz, A., & Vı́rseda, P. (2004). Modelling and Simulation of Heat Transfer in Stored Rough Rice with Aeration. Biosystems Engineering, 89(1), 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2004.05.001
  • Jia, C., Sun, D.-W., & Cao, C. (2001). Computer simulation of temperature changes in a wheat storage bin. Journal of Stored Products Research, 37(2), 165–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(00)00017-5
  • Longstaff, B. C. (1994). The management of stored product pests by non-chemical means: An Australian perspective. Journal of Stored Products Research, 30(3), 179–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-474X(94)90046-K
  • Lopes, D. D. C., Martins, J. H., Filho, A. F. L., Melo, E. D. C., Monteiro, P. M. D. B., & Queiroz, D. M. De. (2008). Aeration strategy for controlling grain storage based on simulation and on real data acquisition. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 63(2), 140–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2008.02.002
  • Maier, D. E., Adams, W. H., Throne, J. E., & Mason, L. J. (1996). Temperature management of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in three locations in the United States. Journal of Stored Products Research, 32(3), 255–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(96)00014-8
  • Mayer, D. G., & Butler, D. G. (1993). Statistical validation. Ecological Modelling, 68(1–2), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(93)90105-2
  • Menzies, D. J., & O’Callaghan, J. R. (1971). The effect of temperature on the drying rate of grass. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 16(3), 213–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8634(71)80015-X
  • Muir, W. E. (1970). Temperature in grain bins. Canadian Agricultural Engineering, 12, 21–24.
  • Navarro, S., Noyes, R. T. (2001). The mechanics and physics of modern grain aeration management. In The mechanics and physics of modern grain aeration management (p. 647). CRC Press, Boca Raton.
  • Sun, D.W., Woods, J. L. (1994). Low temperature moisture transfer characteristics of barley: thin-layer models and equilibrium isotherms. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 59, 273–283.
  • Thorpe, G. R. (2001). Physical basis of aeration. In: Navarro, S., Noyes, R.T. (Eds.). In The Mechanics and Physics of Modern Grain Aeration Management (pp. 125–194). CRC Press, Boca Raton.
  • Willmott, C. J. (1981). On the validation of models. Physical Geography, 2(2), 184–194.
  • Yang, J. Y., & Huffman, E. C. (Ted). (2004). EasyGrapher: software for graphical and statistical validation of DSSAT outputs. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 45(1–3), 125–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2004.06.006

Year 2022, Volume: 28 Issue: 1, 145 - 158, 25.02.2022

Mohamed Nejıb El Melkı Khaled El Moueddeb Abdullah Beyaz

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.715508
Cited By: 2

Abstract

References

  • Andrade, S.M., Couto, D., Queiroz, y. L., and F. (2002). Three dimensional simulation of the temperature variation in corn stored in metallic bin. ASAE Annual Meeting, Paper No02-3150.
  • Arthur, F H, & Casada, M. E. (2005). F s a c i s w, 21(6), 1027–1038.
  • Arthur, Frank H., Takahashi, K., Hoernemann, C. K., & Soto, N. (2003). Potential for autumn aeration of stored rough rice and the potential number of generations of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky in milled rice in Japan. Journal of Stored Products Research, 39(5), 471–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(02)00038-3
  • B, C. D. S. P. H. (1967). Adsorption and desorption of water vapour by cereal grains and their products, part II: development of the general isotherm equation. Transactions of the ASAE.
  • Bala, B. K., & Woods, J. L. (1984). Simulation of deep bed malt drying. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 30, 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8634(84)80024-4
  • Brooker, D.B., Bakker-Arkema, F.W., & Hall, C. W. (1992). Drying and storage of grains and oilseeds. AVI Book. USA.
  • de Carvalho Lopes, D., Martins, J. H., de Castro Melo, E., & de Barros Monteiro, P. M. (2006). Aeration simulation of stored grain under variable air ambient conditions. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 42(1), 115–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2006.05.007
  • Flinn, P. W., Hagstrum, D. W., Reed, C., & Phillips, T. W. (2010). Insect population dynamics in commercial grain elevators. Journal of Stored Products Research, 46(1), 43–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2009.09.001
  • Hagstrum, D. W. (2000). Using five sampling methods to measure insect distribution and abundance in bins storing wheat. Journal of Stored Products Research, 36(3), 253–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(99)00047-8
  • Iguaz, a., San Martín, M. B., Maté, J. I., Fernández, T., & Vírseda, P. (2003). Modelling effective moisture difusivity of rough rice (Lido cultivar) at low drying temperatures. Journal of Food Engineering, 59(2–3), 253–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0260-8774(02)00465-X
  • Iguaz, A., Arroqui, C., Esnoz, A., & Vı́rseda, P. (2004). Modelling and Simulation of Heat Transfer in Stored Rough Rice with Aeration. Biosystems Engineering, 89(1), 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2004.05.001
  • Jia, C., Sun, D.-W., & Cao, C. (2001). Computer simulation of temperature changes in a wheat storage bin. Journal of Stored Products Research, 37(2), 165–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(00)00017-5
  • Longstaff, B. C. (1994). The management of stored product pests by non-chemical means: An Australian perspective. Journal of Stored Products Research, 30(3), 179–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-474X(94)90046-K
  • Lopes, D. D. C., Martins, J. H., Filho, A. F. L., Melo, E. D. C., Monteiro, P. M. D. B., & Queiroz, D. M. De. (2008). Aeration strategy for controlling grain storage based on simulation and on real data acquisition. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 63(2), 140–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2008.02.002
  • Maier, D. E., Adams, W. H., Throne, J. E., & Mason, L. J. (1996). Temperature management of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in three locations in the United States. Journal of Stored Products Research, 32(3), 255–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(96)00014-8
  • Mayer, D. G., & Butler, D. G. (1993). Statistical validation. Ecological Modelling, 68(1–2), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(93)90105-2
  • Menzies, D. J., & O’Callaghan, J. R. (1971). The effect of temperature on the drying rate of grass. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 16(3), 213–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8634(71)80015-X
  • Muir, W. E. (1970). Temperature in grain bins. Canadian Agricultural Engineering, 12, 21–24.
  • Navarro, S., Noyes, R. T. (2001). The mechanics and physics of modern grain aeration management. In The mechanics and physics of modern grain aeration management (p. 647). CRC Press, Boca Raton.
  • Sun, D.W., Woods, J. L. (1994). Low temperature moisture transfer characteristics of barley: thin-layer models and equilibrium isotherms. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 59, 273–283.
  • Thorpe, G. R. (2001). Physical basis of aeration. In: Navarro, S., Noyes, R.T. (Eds.). In The Mechanics and Physics of Modern Grain Aeration Management (pp. 125–194). CRC Press, Boca Raton.
  • Willmott, C. J. (1981). On the validation of models. Physical Geography, 2(2), 184–194.
  • Yang, J. Y., & Huffman, E. C. (Ted). (2004). EasyGrapher: software for graphical and statistical validation of DSSAT outputs. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 45(1–3), 125–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2004.06.006
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Mohamed Nejıb El Melkı 0000-0001-9107-4889

Khaled El Moueddeb 0000-0003-4515-6693

Abdullah Beyaz 0000-0002-7329-1318

Publication Date February 25, 2022
Submission Date April 7, 2020
Acceptance Date March 28, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 28 Issue: 1

Cite

APA El Melkı, M. N., El Moueddeb, K., & Beyaz, A. (2022). Cooling Potential of Bin Stored Wheat by Summer and Autumn Aeration. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 28(1), 145-158. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.715508

Cited By

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Assessment of the impact of climate change on the use of aeration for the storage of cereal grains in the northwest of Tunisia
Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41207-023-00446-3
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