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2008 kurak yılının Termessos (Güllük Dağı) Milli Parkı (Antalya) vejetasyonuna etkisinin çeşitli kuraklık indeksleriyle incelenmesi

Year 2015, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 93 - 114, 01.08.2015
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000166

Abstract

Kuralıkla ilgili yapılan çalışmalar, genelde geleneksel yöntemlere dayanmaktadır. Geleneksel yöntemler ile yapılan çalışmalar önemli bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır. Fakat iklime ait verilerin, uzun zamana ait olmamaları ve dar alanları kapsamada yetersiz olmalarından dolayı kuraklık gibi kompleks bir olayın izlenmesi için tek başına yeterli değildir. Kuraklığın lokasyonu ve şiddetini belirlemek için uydu görüntüleri aracılığı ile iklim verilerinin zenginleştirilmesi ve mevcut kuraklık koşullarının tam, güncel ve ayrıntılı bir biçimde izlenmesi büyük bir gerekliliktir. Bu çalışmada MODIS uydusu TERRA platformuna ait 16 günlük ve aylık zamansal, 250 m ve 1 km mekânsal çözünürlüğe sahip uydu verileri kullanılarak kuraklık analizi yapılmıştır. MODIS verilere farklı yöntemler uygulanarak elde edilen kuraklık modelleri birbiri ile kıyaslanmıştır. Böylelikle hem kuraklık hakkında elde edilen bilgiler teyit edilmiştir hem de hangi yöntemin kurak koşulları daha iyi yansıttığı sorusuna cevap olunmuştur. Çalışmamızda cevap olunan sorular, uydu-tabanlı bitki indekslerinin, kuraklığı anlamada ve önceden tahmin etmede önemli kolaylıklar sağladığını göstermektedir

References

  • Akbaş, A. (2014). “Türkiye Üzerindeki Önemli Kurak Yıllar” Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 12 (2), 101-118.
  • Akbaş A.,Tatlı H. (2013) , "Analysis Specific Drought Years on Turkey via Palmer Drought Severity Index", 6th Atmospheric Science Symposium, 312-321.
  • Alley, W.M., (1984) “The Palmer drought severity index: limitations and assumptions”Journal of Application Meteorology 23 (7), 1100–1109.
  • Anderson, M.C., Hain, C., Otkin, J., Zhan, X., Mo, K., Svoboda, M., Wardlow, B.,Pimstein, A., (2013) “An intercomparison of drought indicators based on thermal remote sensing and NLDAS-2 simulations with US Drought Monitor classifications”Journal of Hydrometeorology 14 (4), 1035–1056.
  • Atalay, İ.(2008) Ekosistem Ekolojisi ve Coğrafyası Cilt II , Meta Basımevi, İzmir
  • Bacanlı, Ü. G. ve Saf, B. (2005). “Kuraklık Belirleme Yöntemlerinin Antalya İli Örneğinde İncelenmesi”, Antalya Yöresinin İnşaat Mühendisliği Sorunları Sempozyumu, http://www.e-kutuphane.imo.org.tr/pdf/11138.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi:07.06.2016).
  • Bahadır, M. (2011) “Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde Sıcaklık ve Yağışın Gelecekteki Eğilimleri ve Olası Sonuçları”, The Journal Of International Social Research, 4, (19), 364-378
  • Bayarjargal, Y., Karnieli, A., Bayasgalan, M., Khudulmur, S., Gandush, C., Tucker, C. J. (2006) “A comparative study of NOAA-AVHRR derived drought indices using change vector analysis”Remote Sensing of Environment, 105, 9-22.
  • Bhuiyan, C., Singh, R.P., Kogan, F.N., (2006) “Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data” International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 8, 289-302.
  • Caccamo, G.,L.A. Chisholm, R.A. Bradstock, M.L. Puotinen (2011) ”Assessing the sensitivity of MODIS to monitor drought in high biomass ecosystems” Remote Sensing of Environment 115,2626–2639.
  • Cook, E.R., Meko, D.M., Stahle, D.W., Cleaveland, M.K., (1999)“Drought reconstructions for the continental United States”Journal of Climate 12 (4), 1145–1162.
  • Çelik M.A., Karabulut M. (2013). “Yağış Koşullarının Antep Fıstığı (Pistacia vera L.) Biomas Aktivitesi ve Fenolojik Özelliklerine Etkisinin Uzaktan Algılama Verileri Kullanılarak İncelenmesi”, Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 60, 37-48.
  • Çelik M.A., Karabulut M. (2014a). “Antakya-Kahramanmaraş Grabeninde Kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) orman alanları ile yağış arasındaki ilişkilerin MODIS verileri (2000-2010) kullanılarak incelenmesi”Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 12(1), 49- 68.
  • Çelik M.A., Karabulut M. (2014b), “Farklı Bitki İndeks Modelleri (EVI, NDVI, VCI) Kullanılarak Resulosman Dağı (Kilis) Bitki Örtüsünün İncelenmesi”, Coğrafyacılar Derneği Uluslararası Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı,372-379,Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi, MUĞLA
  • Doğan, S., Berktay, A., Singh, V.P., (2012) “Comparison of multi-monthly rainfall-based drought severity indices, with application to semi-arid Konya closed basin”, Turkey. Journal of Hydrology. 470–471, 255–268.
  • Du, L., Qingjiu, T., Tao, Y., Qingyan, M., Tamas, J., Peter, U., Yan, H., (2013) “A com-prehensive drought monitoring method integrating MODIS and TRMM data” International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 23,245–253.
  • Ganesh, S.(2007) “Investigation of The Utility of The Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) As An Indicator of Drought”Texas A&M University Master Of Science,1-60.
  • Hayes, M.J., and W.L. Decker, (1998) “Using satellite and real-time weather data to predict maize production”, International Journal of Biometeorology, 42(1):10-15.
  • Kalfas, J., Xiao, X., Vanegas, D., Verma, S., Suyker, A.E., (2011) “Modeling gross primary production of irrigated and rain- fed maize using MODIS imagery and CO(2) flux tower data” Agricultural Forest Meteorology 151, 1514–1528.
  • Karabulut, M., (2003) “An examination of relationships between vegetation and rainfall using maximum value composite AVHRR-NDVI data”, TÜBİTAK Turkish Journal of Botany, 27, 93-101.
  • Karabulut, M. (2006). “NOAA AVHRR Verilerini Kullanarak Türkiye'de Bitki Örtüsünün İzlenmesi ve İncelenmesi” Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 4 (1), 29-42.
  • Karabulut, M., (2015)“Drought analysis in Antakya-Kahramanmaraş Graben, Turkey, Journal of Arid Land, Volume 7, Issue 6, pp 741-754. doi: 10.1007/s40333-015-0011-6.
  • Karnieli, A., M. Bayasgalan, Y. Bayasgalan, N. Agam, S. Khudulmur, and C. J. Tucker (2006)“Comments on the use of the vegetation health index over Mongolia”, Int. J. Remote Sens., 27, 2017– 2024.
  • Kogan, F.N. (1990) “Remote Sensing of weather impacts on vegetation in nonhonogeneous areas” International Journal of Remote Sensing, 11, 1405-1419.
  • Kogan, F.N. (1995). “Application of vegetation index and brightness temperature for drought detection”. Advances in Space Research, 11, 91-100.
  • Kogan, F.N., (1997) “Global drought watch from space” Bullettin of American Meteorology. Society 78 (4),621–636.
  • Kogan, F. N., (2001) “Operational Space Technology for Global Vegetation Assessment”. Bullettin of American Meteorology Society, 82(9), 1949-1964.
  • Kurnaz, L.(2014) Kuraklık ve Türkiye, İstanbul Politikalar Merkezi-Mercator Politika Notu,1-18.
  • Mayla, L., França, D.A., Antonio, J., Domiciano, J., (2012) “Climate Characterization Using Water Balance And NDVI For City Of Paulista-PE” Journal of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing 02, 25–36.
  • Munoz,J.C,J.A.Sobrino(2008)“Split-Window Coefficients for Land Surface Temperature Retrieval From Low-Resolution Thermal Infrared Sensors”, IEEE Geoscienceand Remote Sensing Letters, 5,(4),806-809.
  • Narasimhan, B., ve R. Srinivasan, (2005). “Development and evaluation of soil moisture deficit index (SMDI) and evapotranspiration deficit index (ETDI) for agricultural drought monitoring” Agricultural Forest Meteorology, 133, 69–88.
  • Nicholson, S.E., ve Farrar, T. J. (1994). “The influence of soil type on the relationships between NDVI, rainfall, and soil moisture in semiarid Botswana: I. NDVI response to rainfall”Remote Sensing of Environment, 50, 107-120.
  • Peters, A.J., Walter-Shea, E.A., Ji,L., Vliia, A., Hayes,M. Svoboda M.(2002)”Drought Monitoring with NDVI-Based Standardized Vegetation Index” Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 68 (1), 71-75.
  • Rhee, J., Jungho, J., G. J. Carbone (2010) “Monitoring agricultural drought for arid and humid regions using multi-sensor remote sensing data”Remote Sensing of Environment 114, 2875–2887.
  • Rosegrant, M. W., X. Cai, ve S. A. Cline, (2003) “Will the world run dry? Global water and food security”Environment, 45, 24–36.
  • Shahabfara,A., Ghulamb, A.,Eitzingera,J.(2012) “Drought monitoring in Iran using the perpendicular drought indices” International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 18,119–127.
  • Sobrino J. A., Z.-L. Li, M. P. Stoll, and F. Becker,(1996)“Multi-channelandmulti- anglealgorithmsforestimatingseaandlandsurfacetemperaturewith ATSR data”, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 17, (11), 2089–2114.
  • Son, N.T., Chen, C.F., Chen, C.R., Chang, L.Y., Minh, V.Q., (2012) “Monitoring agricultural drought in the Lower Mekong Basin using MODIS NDVI and land surface temperature data”.International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 18, 417–427.
  • Tatlı H., (2015) “Detecting Persistence Of Meteorological Drought Via Hurst Exponent", Meteorologıcal Appiıcations, 22, 763-769.
  • Thornthwaite, C. W. (1948). “An approach toward a rational classification of climate” Geography Review 38, 55-94.
  • Tucker, C.J., ve B.J. Choudhury, (1987)”Satellite remote sensing of drought conditions”, Remote Sensing of Environment, 23243-251.
  • Türkeş, M. (1996). “Spatial and temporal analysis of annual rainfall variations in Turkey”, International Journal of Climatology, 16, 1057-1076.
  • Türkeş, M., Koç.,T., Sarış F.(2007) “Türkiye’nin Yağış Toplamı Ve Yoğunluğu Dizilerindeki Değişikliklerin ve Eğilimlerin Zamansal Ve Alansal Çözümlemesi”.Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi 7 (2), 129-144.
  • Türkeş, M. (2009). “Palmer Kuraklık İndisi’ne Göre İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nin Konya Bölümü’ndeki Kurak Dönemler ve Kuraklık Şiddeti. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi 7 (2), 79-99.
  • Türkeş M., Tatli H., (2009) "Use of the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and a modified SPI for shaping the drought probabilities over Turkey", International Journal Of Climatology, 29,2270-2282.
  • Ölgen, K.(2010).”Türkiye’de Yıllık Ve Mevsimsel Yağış Değişkenliğinin Alansal Dağılımı.” Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 19/1, 85-95.
  • Unganai, L.S., and F.N. Kogan, (1998). “Drought monitoring and corn yield estimation in southern Africa from AVHRR data”, Remote Sensing of Environment, 63319-232.
  • Vicente-Serrano, S. M., J. M. Cuadrat-Prats, and A. Romo. (2006). “Aridity influence on vegetationpatterns in the middle Ebro Valley (Spain): Evaluation by means of AVHRR images and climate interpolation techniques”. Journal of Arid Environments 66, 353–375.
  • Viovy, N., Arino, O., Belward, A.S. (1992). “The best index slope extraction (BISE): A method for reducting noise in NDVI time series”. International Journal of Remote Sensing 13(8),1585–1590.
  • Vörösmarty, C. J., ve Coauthors, (2010). “Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity” Nature,467, 555– 561.
  • Yalım, B. ve Çıplak, B. (2002) “Termessos Milli Parkı (Antalya) Orthoptera (Insecta) faunası: Fauna elemanlarının zoocoğrafyaları ve vejetasyona göre dağılışları” Türk. Entomoloji Dergisi,26 (4), 267-276.
  • Quiring, S.M., ve Ganesh, S., (2010). “Evaluating the utility of the, Vegetation ConditionIndex (VCI) for monitoring meteorological drought in Texas”. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 150, 330–339.
  • Wan, Z., Wang, P., Li, X., (2004) “Using MODIS Land Surface Temperature and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index products for monitoring drought in the southern Great Plain”, USA. International Journal of Remote Sensing 25 (1), 61–72.
  • Zhang, X., Friedl, M. A., Schaaf, C. B., Strahlar, A. H., and Liu, Z., (2005). Monitoring the response of vegetation phenology to precipitation in Africa by coupling MODIS and TRMM instruments. J. Geophys. Res. 110, D12103, doi: 10. 1029/2004JD005263.
  • İnternet Referansları MGM, (2013), İklim
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  • http://landval.gsfc.nasa.gov/ProductStatus.php?ProductID=MOD11 (Son erişim tarihi: 29.03.2016)
  • http://enso.unl.edu/monitor/monitor.html(Son erişim tarihi: 05.04.2016)
  • http://212.175.180.197/bitkidon/kuraklikizleme.aspx(Son erişim tarihi: 26.04.2016)

Various drought indices for monitoring drought condition in Mount GüllükTermessos National Park

Year 2015, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 93 - 114, 01.08.2015
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000166

Abstract

Studies performed with regard to drought are based on conventional methods in general. The studies which are performed with conventional methods fill a significant gap. But, data belonging to climate are not sufficient alone for following a complex phenomenon such as drought, due to the fact that they are unable to pertain to long-time and are insufficient It is a great necessity that climate data should be enriched via satellite images in order to determine drought location and severity and that current drought conditions should be followed in a complete, update and detail way. In this study, we used satellite data with 16-days and monthly of temporal and 250-m and 1-km of spatial resolution, belonging to TERRA platform of MODIS satellite. From these data, various vegetation index models were created. We compared findings which were obtained using different methods with each other. Therefore, we not only confirmed information which were obtained about drought phenomenon, but also answered the question of which method reflected dry (arid) conditions better. Replied questions in our study also satellite-based vegetation index provided important conveniences in understanding and forecasting drought phenomenon

References

  • Akbaş, A. (2014). “Türkiye Üzerindeki Önemli Kurak Yıllar” Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 12 (2), 101-118.
  • Akbaş A.,Tatlı H. (2013) , "Analysis Specific Drought Years on Turkey via Palmer Drought Severity Index", 6th Atmospheric Science Symposium, 312-321.
  • Alley, W.M., (1984) “The Palmer drought severity index: limitations and assumptions”Journal of Application Meteorology 23 (7), 1100–1109.
  • Anderson, M.C., Hain, C., Otkin, J., Zhan, X., Mo, K., Svoboda, M., Wardlow, B.,Pimstein, A., (2013) “An intercomparison of drought indicators based on thermal remote sensing and NLDAS-2 simulations with US Drought Monitor classifications”Journal of Hydrometeorology 14 (4), 1035–1056.
  • Atalay, İ.(2008) Ekosistem Ekolojisi ve Coğrafyası Cilt II , Meta Basımevi, İzmir
  • Bacanlı, Ü. G. ve Saf, B. (2005). “Kuraklık Belirleme Yöntemlerinin Antalya İli Örneğinde İncelenmesi”, Antalya Yöresinin İnşaat Mühendisliği Sorunları Sempozyumu, http://www.e-kutuphane.imo.org.tr/pdf/11138.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi:07.06.2016).
  • Bahadır, M. (2011) “Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde Sıcaklık ve Yağışın Gelecekteki Eğilimleri ve Olası Sonuçları”, The Journal Of International Social Research, 4, (19), 364-378
  • Bayarjargal, Y., Karnieli, A., Bayasgalan, M., Khudulmur, S., Gandush, C., Tucker, C. J. (2006) “A comparative study of NOAA-AVHRR derived drought indices using change vector analysis”Remote Sensing of Environment, 105, 9-22.
  • Bhuiyan, C., Singh, R.P., Kogan, F.N., (2006) “Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data” International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 8, 289-302.
  • Caccamo, G.,L.A. Chisholm, R.A. Bradstock, M.L. Puotinen (2011) ”Assessing the sensitivity of MODIS to monitor drought in high biomass ecosystems” Remote Sensing of Environment 115,2626–2639.
  • Cook, E.R., Meko, D.M., Stahle, D.W., Cleaveland, M.K., (1999)“Drought reconstructions for the continental United States”Journal of Climate 12 (4), 1145–1162.
  • Çelik M.A., Karabulut M. (2013). “Yağış Koşullarının Antep Fıstığı (Pistacia vera L.) Biomas Aktivitesi ve Fenolojik Özelliklerine Etkisinin Uzaktan Algılama Verileri Kullanılarak İncelenmesi”, Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 60, 37-48.
  • Çelik M.A., Karabulut M. (2014a). “Antakya-Kahramanmaraş Grabeninde Kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) orman alanları ile yağış arasındaki ilişkilerin MODIS verileri (2000-2010) kullanılarak incelenmesi”Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 12(1), 49- 68.
  • Çelik M.A., Karabulut M. (2014b), “Farklı Bitki İndeks Modelleri (EVI, NDVI, VCI) Kullanılarak Resulosman Dağı (Kilis) Bitki Örtüsünün İncelenmesi”, Coğrafyacılar Derneği Uluslararası Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı,372-379,Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi, MUĞLA
  • Doğan, S., Berktay, A., Singh, V.P., (2012) “Comparison of multi-monthly rainfall-based drought severity indices, with application to semi-arid Konya closed basin”, Turkey. Journal of Hydrology. 470–471, 255–268.
  • Du, L., Qingjiu, T., Tao, Y., Qingyan, M., Tamas, J., Peter, U., Yan, H., (2013) “A com-prehensive drought monitoring method integrating MODIS and TRMM data” International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 23,245–253.
  • Ganesh, S.(2007) “Investigation of The Utility of The Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) As An Indicator of Drought”Texas A&M University Master Of Science,1-60.
  • Hayes, M.J., and W.L. Decker, (1998) “Using satellite and real-time weather data to predict maize production”, International Journal of Biometeorology, 42(1):10-15.
  • Kalfas, J., Xiao, X., Vanegas, D., Verma, S., Suyker, A.E., (2011) “Modeling gross primary production of irrigated and rain- fed maize using MODIS imagery and CO(2) flux tower data” Agricultural Forest Meteorology 151, 1514–1528.
  • Karabulut, M., (2003) “An examination of relationships between vegetation and rainfall using maximum value composite AVHRR-NDVI data”, TÜBİTAK Turkish Journal of Botany, 27, 93-101.
  • Karabulut, M. (2006). “NOAA AVHRR Verilerini Kullanarak Türkiye'de Bitki Örtüsünün İzlenmesi ve İncelenmesi” Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 4 (1), 29-42.
  • Karabulut, M., (2015)“Drought analysis in Antakya-Kahramanmaraş Graben, Turkey, Journal of Arid Land, Volume 7, Issue 6, pp 741-754. doi: 10.1007/s40333-015-0011-6.
  • Karnieli, A., M. Bayasgalan, Y. Bayasgalan, N. Agam, S. Khudulmur, and C. J. Tucker (2006)“Comments on the use of the vegetation health index over Mongolia”, Int. J. Remote Sens., 27, 2017– 2024.
  • Kogan, F.N. (1990) “Remote Sensing of weather impacts on vegetation in nonhonogeneous areas” International Journal of Remote Sensing, 11, 1405-1419.
  • Kogan, F.N. (1995). “Application of vegetation index and brightness temperature for drought detection”. Advances in Space Research, 11, 91-100.
  • Kogan, F.N., (1997) “Global drought watch from space” Bullettin of American Meteorology. Society 78 (4),621–636.
  • Kogan, F. N., (2001) “Operational Space Technology for Global Vegetation Assessment”. Bullettin of American Meteorology Society, 82(9), 1949-1964.
  • Kurnaz, L.(2014) Kuraklık ve Türkiye, İstanbul Politikalar Merkezi-Mercator Politika Notu,1-18.
  • Mayla, L., França, D.A., Antonio, J., Domiciano, J., (2012) “Climate Characterization Using Water Balance And NDVI For City Of Paulista-PE” Journal of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing 02, 25–36.
  • Munoz,J.C,J.A.Sobrino(2008)“Split-Window Coefficients for Land Surface Temperature Retrieval From Low-Resolution Thermal Infrared Sensors”, IEEE Geoscienceand Remote Sensing Letters, 5,(4),806-809.
  • Narasimhan, B., ve R. Srinivasan, (2005). “Development and evaluation of soil moisture deficit index (SMDI) and evapotranspiration deficit index (ETDI) for agricultural drought monitoring” Agricultural Forest Meteorology, 133, 69–88.
  • Nicholson, S.E., ve Farrar, T. J. (1994). “The influence of soil type on the relationships between NDVI, rainfall, and soil moisture in semiarid Botswana: I. NDVI response to rainfall”Remote Sensing of Environment, 50, 107-120.
  • Peters, A.J., Walter-Shea, E.A., Ji,L., Vliia, A., Hayes,M. Svoboda M.(2002)”Drought Monitoring with NDVI-Based Standardized Vegetation Index” Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 68 (1), 71-75.
  • Rhee, J., Jungho, J., G. J. Carbone (2010) “Monitoring agricultural drought for arid and humid regions using multi-sensor remote sensing data”Remote Sensing of Environment 114, 2875–2887.
  • Rosegrant, M. W., X. Cai, ve S. A. Cline, (2003) “Will the world run dry? Global water and food security”Environment, 45, 24–36.
  • Shahabfara,A., Ghulamb, A.,Eitzingera,J.(2012) “Drought monitoring in Iran using the perpendicular drought indices” International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 18,119–127.
  • Sobrino J. A., Z.-L. Li, M. P. Stoll, and F. Becker,(1996)“Multi-channelandmulti- anglealgorithmsforestimatingseaandlandsurfacetemperaturewith ATSR data”, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 17, (11), 2089–2114.
  • Son, N.T., Chen, C.F., Chen, C.R., Chang, L.Y., Minh, V.Q., (2012) “Monitoring agricultural drought in the Lower Mekong Basin using MODIS NDVI and land surface temperature data”.International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 18, 417–427.
  • Tatlı H., (2015) “Detecting Persistence Of Meteorological Drought Via Hurst Exponent", Meteorologıcal Appiıcations, 22, 763-769.
  • Thornthwaite, C. W. (1948). “An approach toward a rational classification of climate” Geography Review 38, 55-94.
  • Tucker, C.J., ve B.J. Choudhury, (1987)”Satellite remote sensing of drought conditions”, Remote Sensing of Environment, 23243-251.
  • Türkeş, M. (1996). “Spatial and temporal analysis of annual rainfall variations in Turkey”, International Journal of Climatology, 16, 1057-1076.
  • Türkeş, M., Koç.,T., Sarış F.(2007) “Türkiye’nin Yağış Toplamı Ve Yoğunluğu Dizilerindeki Değişikliklerin ve Eğilimlerin Zamansal Ve Alansal Çözümlemesi”.Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi 7 (2), 129-144.
  • Türkeş, M. (2009). “Palmer Kuraklık İndisi’ne Göre İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nin Konya Bölümü’ndeki Kurak Dönemler ve Kuraklık Şiddeti. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi 7 (2), 79-99.
  • Türkeş M., Tatli H., (2009) "Use of the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and a modified SPI for shaping the drought probabilities over Turkey", International Journal Of Climatology, 29,2270-2282.
  • Ölgen, K.(2010).”Türkiye’de Yıllık Ve Mevsimsel Yağış Değişkenliğinin Alansal Dağılımı.” Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 19/1, 85-95.
  • Unganai, L.S., and F.N. Kogan, (1998). “Drought monitoring and corn yield estimation in southern Africa from AVHRR data”, Remote Sensing of Environment, 63319-232.
  • Vicente-Serrano, S. M., J. M. Cuadrat-Prats, and A. Romo. (2006). “Aridity influence on vegetationpatterns in the middle Ebro Valley (Spain): Evaluation by means of AVHRR images and climate interpolation techniques”. Journal of Arid Environments 66, 353–375.
  • Viovy, N., Arino, O., Belward, A.S. (1992). “The best index slope extraction (BISE): A method for reducting noise in NDVI time series”. International Journal of Remote Sensing 13(8),1585–1590.
  • Vörösmarty, C. J., ve Coauthors, (2010). “Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity” Nature,467, 555– 561.
  • Yalım, B. ve Çıplak, B. (2002) “Termessos Milli Parkı (Antalya) Orthoptera (Insecta) faunası: Fauna elemanlarının zoocoğrafyaları ve vejetasyona göre dağılışları” Türk. Entomoloji Dergisi,26 (4), 267-276.
  • Quiring, S.M., ve Ganesh, S., (2010). “Evaluating the utility of the, Vegetation ConditionIndex (VCI) for monitoring meteorological drought in Texas”. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 150, 330–339.
  • Wan, Z., Wang, P., Li, X., (2004) “Using MODIS Land Surface Temperature and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index products for monitoring drought in the southern Great Plain”, USA. International Journal of Remote Sensing 25 (1), 61–72.
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There are 61 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA62DS83RR
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ali Mehmet Çelik

Murat Karabulut This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çelik, A. M., & Karabulut, M. (2015). 2008 kurak yılının Termessos (Güllük Dağı) Milli Parkı (Antalya) vejetasyonuna etkisinin çeşitli kuraklık indeksleriyle incelenmesi. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 13(2), 93-114. https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000166