Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

SUPERVISION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TURKISH MINING LEGISLATION

Year 2020, Volume: 22 Issue: 4, 1637 - 1677, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.767141

Abstract

Various supervision systems have been applied in the Mining Law and related regulations in legislative development in order to ensure the control of mining areas in terms of occupational health and safety (OHS). In a mining enterprise, mining operation activities cannot be carried out without assigning a supervisor. In Turkey, some changes have been made regarding the supervision system and its applications in the development of legislation. Considering the experience of such fundamental changes, it would be beneficial to evaluate the legislation not only by lawmakers but also from the eyes of supervisors who are responsible for the supervision and oversight of mining operations. In this study, from the Land Law dated 1858 until today, the change of practices on different subjects that provide and affect safety and control in mining operations, such as the system of supervision, the condition of appointing a supervisor, the number of supervisors per worker in the mining operation, the condition of having at least one supervisor in each mining operation, was analyzed. In addition, whether the supervisor is obliged to be permanent at work and the maximum number of mining licenses that can be taken under the responsibility of supervision are also included in the analysis. Then, the presence of frequent changes in mining legislation and other problems in this regard was determined through the eyes of the supervisors, and the supervision system that the supervisors wanted to be implemented was analyzed.

References

  • Altunbay, M. (2002). Mining in the Ottoman Empire in the classical period. New Turkey Publications, volume 10 (Turks), 792-801.
  • Atılgan, H. (2019). Why aren’t we successful to prevent working accidents? International Symposium On Occupational Health And Safety In Mining’2019, 03-04 October, Adana/Turkey, pp.29-37.
  • Baycık, G. (2006). Mining workers in terms of labor and social security law. Yetkin publications, Ankara, 238 p.
  • Boran, O. (2001). Scientific supervision in the private sector: Current status and new approaches. Mining Engineering Education Symposium 2001, MMO, Istanbul, pp.181-187.
  • Çatma, E. (2011). Duties of mining engineers in hard coal production in the Ottoman Empire. International Symposium on Occupational Health and Safety in Mine Works’2011, (24-25 November 2011), Zonguldak, pp.181-192.
  • Dessureault, S. & Kahraman, M. M. (2010). Security and cultural change in mines. Journal of Mining Turkey, 8, 48-49.
  • Eskikaya, Ş. (2015). Solutions to minimize mining accident. International Symposium on Occupational Health and Safety in Mine Works’2015, (21-22 December 2015), pp.39-42, Adana.
  • Fındıkgil, Y. (1966). Mining law. Istanbul Technical University, Department of Mining Engineering.
  • Gülan, A. (2008). Main principles and basic works of mining administrative law - a critical approach by utilizing legislative and judicial decisions. Istanbul.
  • Güray, B. & Abut, M. (2015). Labor rights and labor safety pursuant to recent amendments in mining legislation. Mining Law Proceedings Book, (3-4 October 2015), Afyon, pp.149-173.
  • Güyagüler, T. (2002). Examination of proposals and measures of methane gas explosions in Turkey. Turkey 13th Coal Congress Proceedings (29-31 May 2002), Zonguldak, pp.45-51.
  • http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/main.aspx?home=http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/8487.pdf&main=http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/8487.pdf, Accessed: March 15, 2020.
  • Kahraman, M. M. (2017). Need for corporate occupational safety policy. Journal of Mining Turkey, 67, 118-119.
  • Kayadelen, M. (2015). Mining law has changed again. When is the next change? http://kayadelen.gen.tr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=50:madenyasasyinedegiti&catid=6:madencilik&Itemid=11>, Accessed: April 02, 2019.
  • Kayınova, A. (2019). Life changing in a letter! An ironic view of the powder problem: Struggle or fighting? International Symposium On Occupational Health And Safety In Mining’2019, (03-04 October 2019), Adana, pp.639-650.
  • Keskin Ö. (2007). Effects of employment and the Ottoman Empire to the Ottoman foreign mining engineer. Turkey Near-Term Researchs, 11, 79-92.
  • Keskin, Ö. (2011). The development of mining law in the Ottoman Empire (1861-1906). Journal of Ankara
  • University Ottoman History Research and Application Center, 29, 125-148.
  • Köse, H. M. (1992). Opinions for alternative mining policies. Şafak Printing, 1st edition, 172 p., Ankara.
  • Kula, M. (2015). The place of aggregate business in Turkish legal system. Mining Law Proceedings Book, (3-4 October 2015), Afyon, pp.257-281.
  • Maral, M. (2019). Duties, authorities and responsibilities of the permanent supervisor & Evaluation of mine operations by supervisors. Istanbul Technical University Institute of Science, master’s thesis, 122 p.
  • MMO, (1995). The ministry of labor must take action to start the regulation amendment study ... Letter from the MMO dated August 14, 1995. Available via: http://www.maden.org.tr/resimler/ekler/a99f6821980ac99_ek.pdf
  • Ökten, G. & Fişne, A. (2018). Occupational health and safety in mines, lecture notes. Istanbul Technical University, Department of Mining Engineering, 400 slide.
  • Quataert, D. (2009). Miners and the State in the Ottoman Empire: The Zonguldak Coalfield 1822-1920 (Translators to Turkish: Nilay Özok Gündoğan, Azat Zana Gündoğan) Boğaziçi University Publishing House, First Edition, Istanbul, 414 p.
  • Sert, M. & Şahverdioğlu, İ. (2015). Investigation of the positive and negative effects of the changes in mining law on the sector. Mining Law Proceedings Book, (3-4 October 2015), Astana Publications, Afyon, pp.175-203.
  • Tızlak, F. (1997). Mining in Keban-Ergani Region in the Ottoman Period (1775-1850). Turkish Historical Society Publications, VII. Sequence, 216 p. Ankara.
  • TMD, (2019). Authority visits from sector representatives. TMD, 77, 56-61.
  • TMD, (2020). Current and general problems of the mining sector in the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. (Energy and Natural Resources by the Miners Association of Turkey submitted to the Ministry of Mining Industry and Solution Proposals summary of the report). TMD Sector News Bulletin, 79, 22-26.
  • Topaloğlu, M. (2003). Mines and quarries law. Karahan Bookstore, Ankara.
  • Topaloğlu, M. (2011). Mining law amended by Law No. 5995, and related legislation. 1st edition, Adana, 857 p.
  • Tufan, T. (2015). Expectations of legal ımprovement in mining applications. 24th International Mining Congress and Exhibition. (14-17 April 2015), Antalya, pp.11-16.
  • Tuğ, O. Ç. (2014). Soma Disaster, work accidents and mining. Journal of Mining Turkey, 40, 62-64.
  • Tuncay, H. S. (2019). Studies of the General Directorate of Occupational Health and Safety in the mining sector, Journal of Mining Turkey, 76, 106-100.
  • Turkey Bar Association, (2015). Soma Mining Disaster - Report on the System and Basic Legislative Recommendations for the Prevention of Similar Accidents. Turkey Bar Association Publication No. 288, 1st edition, Ankara, 136 p.
  • Yeşilyurt, C. (2011). The Act of Law No 5995 VII (Article 31 of the Mining Law No. 3213). Journal of Mining Turkey, 15, 80-82.
  • Yeşilyurt, C. (2015). Occupational accidents and mine legislation. Journal of Mining Turkey, 44, 112-114.
  • Yıldız, N., Tombul, M., Sever, M. & Şahin, M. (2003). Scientific Supervision and Occupational Safety Engineering Training Seminar (29-30 April 2003). Ministry of Labor and Social Security & Near and Middle East Labor Training Center & MMO, Ankara, pp.266-290.
  • Yıldız, N. (2015a). Legal Regulations in Mining in 1954 to 2015, Korza Publishing Inc., Ankara, 186 p.
  • Yıldız, N. (2015b). The bill is enacted, the golden goose was cut! (?) Journal of Mining Turkey, 45, 64-80.
  • Yıldız, N. (2017a). Permanent supervisor practice. Journal of Mining Turkey, 63, 98-100.
  • Yıldız, N. (2017b). Mining engineer on September 21, 2017 Mining Regulation. Mining Bulletin, pp.58-67.
  • Yıldız, T. D. (2012). Analysis of changes being done of the mine legislation of Turkey before and after the Mining Law No 3212. Istanbul Technical University, Institute of Science, master’s thesis. 321+XXII p.
  • Yıldız, T. D. (2017). Evaluation of legislation provisions on ventilation in Turkey in terms of occupational health and safety. 25th International Mining Congress and Exhibition, (11-14 April 2017), Antalya, pp.270-282.
  • Yıldız, T. D. (2018). Personal meeting with Research Assistant Taşkın Deniz Yıldız (January 03, 2018).
  • Yıldız, T. D. & Haner, B. (2017). Evaluation of Turkish legislation provisions on air quantity to be submitted to underground minerals and ventilation ways, International Symposium on Occupational Health and Safety in Mine Works’2017, (02 – 03 November 2017), Adana, pp.47-65.
  • Yıldız T. D. & Maral M. (2018). “Supervisory Survey” conducted on 62 permanent supervisors in the SurveyMonkey program.
  • Yüksel, H. (1997). Keban - Ergani Mines in the Ottoman Period. Sivas, 138.
  • Yüksel, A. (2010). Technical supervision, technical supervisor and occupational safety. From the Technical Supervisor Training Seminar Notes. MMO Publication No:170, Ankara, pp.271-284.
  • Zaman, E. M. (2012). Zonguldak & Human & Space & Time. MMO, Zonguldak, 522 p.
  • Zaman, E. M. (2013). Children of coal. Karina Publication, 1st edition, Ankara, 314 p.

TÜRK MADEN MEVZUATI GELİŞİMİNDE NEZARETÇİLİK

Year 2020, Volume: 22 Issue: 4, 1637 - 1677, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.767141

Abstract

Maden sahalarının işçi sağlığı ve iş güvenliği (İSG) açısından denetiminin sağlanması için mevzuat gelişiminde Maden Kanunu ve ilgili yönetmeliklerde çeşitli nezaretçilik sistemleri uygulanmıştır. Bir maden işletmesinde nezaretçi atanmadan maden işletme faaliyetleri gerçekleştirilememektedir. Türkiye’de mevzuat gelişiminde nezaretçilik sistemi ve uygulamaları konusunda birtakım değişiklikler yapılmıştır. Bu denli köklü değişikliklerin yaşanması dikkate alındığında, yalnızca kanun yapıcıların değil, maden işletmelerinin denetiminden ve gözetiminden bizzat sorumlu ve sahada görev yapan nezaretçilerin gözünden de mevzuatın değerlendirilmesi faydalı olabilecektir. Bu çalışmada, 1858 tarihli Arazi Kanunu’ndan günümüze değin; “nezaretçilik sistemi”, “nezaretçi atanma koşulu”, “maden işletmesinde çalışan işçi sayısı başına nezaretçi koşulu”, “her maden işletmesinde en az bir nezaretçi bulundurma koşulu” ve “nezaretçinin iş başında daimi olarak bulunma zorunluluğunun olup olmadığı, “nezaretçilik sorumluluğunda alınabilecek azami maden ruhsat sayısı” gibi maden işletmelerindeki güvenliği ve denetimi sağlayan ve etkileyen farklı konulardaki uygulamaların değişimi analiz edilmiştir. Ardından, nezaretçilerin gözünden bu konuda maden mevzuatında sık yapılan değişikliklerin ve diğer sorunların varlığı saptanmış, ve nezaretçilerin uygulanmasını istediği “nezaretçilik sistemi analiz edilmiştir.

References

  • Altunbay, M. (2002). Mining in the Ottoman Empire in the classical period. New Turkey Publications, volume 10 (Turks), 792-801.
  • Atılgan, H. (2019). Why aren’t we successful to prevent working accidents? International Symposium On Occupational Health And Safety In Mining’2019, 03-04 October, Adana/Turkey, pp.29-37.
  • Baycık, G. (2006). Mining workers in terms of labor and social security law. Yetkin publications, Ankara, 238 p.
  • Boran, O. (2001). Scientific supervision in the private sector: Current status and new approaches. Mining Engineering Education Symposium 2001, MMO, Istanbul, pp.181-187.
  • Çatma, E. (2011). Duties of mining engineers in hard coal production in the Ottoman Empire. International Symposium on Occupational Health and Safety in Mine Works’2011, (24-25 November 2011), Zonguldak, pp.181-192.
  • Dessureault, S. & Kahraman, M. M. (2010). Security and cultural change in mines. Journal of Mining Turkey, 8, 48-49.
  • Eskikaya, Ş. (2015). Solutions to minimize mining accident. International Symposium on Occupational Health and Safety in Mine Works’2015, (21-22 December 2015), pp.39-42, Adana.
  • Fındıkgil, Y. (1966). Mining law. Istanbul Technical University, Department of Mining Engineering.
  • Gülan, A. (2008). Main principles and basic works of mining administrative law - a critical approach by utilizing legislative and judicial decisions. Istanbul.
  • Güray, B. & Abut, M. (2015). Labor rights and labor safety pursuant to recent amendments in mining legislation. Mining Law Proceedings Book, (3-4 October 2015), Afyon, pp.149-173.
  • Güyagüler, T. (2002). Examination of proposals and measures of methane gas explosions in Turkey. Turkey 13th Coal Congress Proceedings (29-31 May 2002), Zonguldak, pp.45-51.
  • http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/main.aspx?home=http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/8487.pdf&main=http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/8487.pdf, Accessed: March 15, 2020.
  • Kahraman, M. M. (2017). Need for corporate occupational safety policy. Journal of Mining Turkey, 67, 118-119.
  • Kayadelen, M. (2015). Mining law has changed again. When is the next change? http://kayadelen.gen.tr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=50:madenyasasyinedegiti&catid=6:madencilik&Itemid=11>, Accessed: April 02, 2019.
  • Kayınova, A. (2019). Life changing in a letter! An ironic view of the powder problem: Struggle or fighting? International Symposium On Occupational Health And Safety In Mining’2019, (03-04 October 2019), Adana, pp.639-650.
  • Keskin Ö. (2007). Effects of employment and the Ottoman Empire to the Ottoman foreign mining engineer. Turkey Near-Term Researchs, 11, 79-92.
  • Keskin, Ö. (2011). The development of mining law in the Ottoman Empire (1861-1906). Journal of Ankara
  • University Ottoman History Research and Application Center, 29, 125-148.
  • Köse, H. M. (1992). Opinions for alternative mining policies. Şafak Printing, 1st edition, 172 p., Ankara.
  • Kula, M. (2015). The place of aggregate business in Turkish legal system. Mining Law Proceedings Book, (3-4 October 2015), Afyon, pp.257-281.
  • Maral, M. (2019). Duties, authorities and responsibilities of the permanent supervisor & Evaluation of mine operations by supervisors. Istanbul Technical University Institute of Science, master’s thesis, 122 p.
  • MMO, (1995). The ministry of labor must take action to start the regulation amendment study ... Letter from the MMO dated August 14, 1995. Available via: http://www.maden.org.tr/resimler/ekler/a99f6821980ac99_ek.pdf
  • Ökten, G. & Fişne, A. (2018). Occupational health and safety in mines, lecture notes. Istanbul Technical University, Department of Mining Engineering, 400 slide.
  • Quataert, D. (2009). Miners and the State in the Ottoman Empire: The Zonguldak Coalfield 1822-1920 (Translators to Turkish: Nilay Özok Gündoğan, Azat Zana Gündoğan) Boğaziçi University Publishing House, First Edition, Istanbul, 414 p.
  • Sert, M. & Şahverdioğlu, İ. (2015). Investigation of the positive and negative effects of the changes in mining law on the sector. Mining Law Proceedings Book, (3-4 October 2015), Astana Publications, Afyon, pp.175-203.
  • Tızlak, F. (1997). Mining in Keban-Ergani Region in the Ottoman Period (1775-1850). Turkish Historical Society Publications, VII. Sequence, 216 p. Ankara.
  • TMD, (2019). Authority visits from sector representatives. TMD, 77, 56-61.
  • TMD, (2020). Current and general problems of the mining sector in the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. (Energy and Natural Resources by the Miners Association of Turkey submitted to the Ministry of Mining Industry and Solution Proposals summary of the report). TMD Sector News Bulletin, 79, 22-26.
  • Topaloğlu, M. (2003). Mines and quarries law. Karahan Bookstore, Ankara.
  • Topaloğlu, M. (2011). Mining law amended by Law No. 5995, and related legislation. 1st edition, Adana, 857 p.
  • Tufan, T. (2015). Expectations of legal ımprovement in mining applications. 24th International Mining Congress and Exhibition. (14-17 April 2015), Antalya, pp.11-16.
  • Tuğ, O. Ç. (2014). Soma Disaster, work accidents and mining. Journal of Mining Turkey, 40, 62-64.
  • Tuncay, H. S. (2019). Studies of the General Directorate of Occupational Health and Safety in the mining sector, Journal of Mining Turkey, 76, 106-100.
  • Turkey Bar Association, (2015). Soma Mining Disaster - Report on the System and Basic Legislative Recommendations for the Prevention of Similar Accidents. Turkey Bar Association Publication No. 288, 1st edition, Ankara, 136 p.
  • Yeşilyurt, C. (2011). The Act of Law No 5995 VII (Article 31 of the Mining Law No. 3213). Journal of Mining Turkey, 15, 80-82.
  • Yeşilyurt, C. (2015). Occupational accidents and mine legislation. Journal of Mining Turkey, 44, 112-114.
  • Yıldız, N., Tombul, M., Sever, M. & Şahin, M. (2003). Scientific Supervision and Occupational Safety Engineering Training Seminar (29-30 April 2003). Ministry of Labor and Social Security & Near and Middle East Labor Training Center & MMO, Ankara, pp.266-290.
  • Yıldız, N. (2015a). Legal Regulations in Mining in 1954 to 2015, Korza Publishing Inc., Ankara, 186 p.
  • Yıldız, N. (2015b). The bill is enacted, the golden goose was cut! (?) Journal of Mining Turkey, 45, 64-80.
  • Yıldız, N. (2017a). Permanent supervisor practice. Journal of Mining Turkey, 63, 98-100.
  • Yıldız, N. (2017b). Mining engineer on September 21, 2017 Mining Regulation. Mining Bulletin, pp.58-67.
  • Yıldız, T. D. (2012). Analysis of changes being done of the mine legislation of Turkey before and after the Mining Law No 3212. Istanbul Technical University, Institute of Science, master’s thesis. 321+XXII p.
  • Yıldız, T. D. (2017). Evaluation of legislation provisions on ventilation in Turkey in terms of occupational health and safety. 25th International Mining Congress and Exhibition, (11-14 April 2017), Antalya, pp.270-282.
  • Yıldız, T. D. (2018). Personal meeting with Research Assistant Taşkın Deniz Yıldız (January 03, 2018).
  • Yıldız, T. D. & Haner, B. (2017). Evaluation of Turkish legislation provisions on air quantity to be submitted to underground minerals and ventilation ways, International Symposium on Occupational Health and Safety in Mine Works’2017, (02 – 03 November 2017), Adana, pp.47-65.
  • Yıldız T. D. & Maral M. (2018). “Supervisory Survey” conducted on 62 permanent supervisors in the SurveyMonkey program.
  • Yüksel, H. (1997). Keban - Ergani Mines in the Ottoman Period. Sivas, 138.
  • Yüksel, A. (2010). Technical supervision, technical supervisor and occupational safety. From the Technical Supervisor Training Seminar Notes. MMO Publication No:170, Ankara, pp.271-284.
  • Zaman, E. M. (2012). Zonguldak & Human & Space & Time. MMO, Zonguldak, 522 p.
  • Zaman, E. M. (2013). Children of coal. Karina Publication, 1st edition, Ankara, 314 p.
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Taşkın Deniz Yıldız 0000-0003-4043-2257

Murat Maral This is me 0000-0003-3086-614X

Publication Date December 31, 2020
Submission Date July 9, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 22 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Yıldız, T. D., & Maral, M. (2020). SUPERVISION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TURKISH MINING LEGISLATION. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22(4), 1637-1677. https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.767141