Systematic Investigation on the Synergistic Impact of Gallium (Ga)-Boron (B) Co-Doping on the Features of ZnO Films

Kenan Özel; Abdullah Atılgan

doi:10.54287/gujsa.1358177

Research Article

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 442 - 451, 31.12.2023

Kenan Özel Abdullah Atılgan

https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1358177

Cited By: 1

Abstract

References

Al-Ghamdi, A. A., Al-Hartomy, O. A., El Okr, M., Nawar, A. M., El-Gazzar, S., El-Tantawy, F., & Yakuphanoglu, F. (2014). Semiconducting properties of Al doped ZnO thin films. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 131, 512-517. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.020
Chahmat, N., Souier, T., Mokri, A., Bououdina, M., Aida, M. S., & Ghers, M. (2014). Structure, microstructure and optical properties of Sn-doped ZnO thin films. Journal of alloys and compounds, 593, 148-153. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.01.024
Chen, X. L., Xu, B. H., Xue, J. M., Zhao, Y., Wei, C. C., Sun, J., Wang, Y., Zhang, X. D., & Geng, X. H. (2007). Boron-doped zinc oxide thin films for large-area solar cells grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Thin Solid Films, 515(7-8), 3753-3759. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2006.09.039
Chen, R., & Lan, L. (2019). Solution-processed metal-oxide thin-film transistors: A review of recent developments. Nanotechnology, 30(31), 312001. https://www.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ab1860
Choi, Y. J., Gong, S. C., Johnson, D. C., Golledge, S., Yeom, G. Y., & Park, H. H. (2013). Characteristics of the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of Al-doped ZnO thin films deposited by atomic layer deposition. Applied Surface Science, 269, 92-97. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.09.159
Dash, J. N., Das, R., & Jha, R. (2018). AZO coated microchannel incorporated PCF-based SPR sensor: a numerical analysis. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 30(11), 1032-1035. https://www.doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2018.2829920
Farrag, A. A. G., & Balboul, M. R. (2017). Nano ZnO thin films synthesis by sol–gel spin coating method as a transparent layer for solar cell applications. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 82, 269-279. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-016-4277-8
Kara, I., Atilgan, A., Serin, T., & Yildiz, A. (2017). Effects of Co and Cu dopants on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of ZnO nanocrystals. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 28, 6088-6092. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-6285-4
Kara, I., Yildiz, A., Yildiz, G., Dogan, B., Serin, N., & Serin, T. (2016). Al and X (Sn, Cu, In) co-doped ZnO nanocrystals. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 27, 6179-6182. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4546-x
Kaur, G., Mitra, A., & Yadav, K. L. (2015). Pulsed laser deposited Al-doped ZnO thin films for optical applications. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International, 25(1), 12-21. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnsc.2015.01.012
Lee, P. C., Hsiao, Y. L., Dutta, J., Wang, R. C., Tseng, S. W., & Liu, C. P. (2021). Development of porous ZnO thin films for enhancing piezoelectric nanogenerators and force sensors. Nano Energy, 82, 105702. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105702
Liu, Y., & Zhu, S. (2019). Preparation and characterization of Mg, Al and Ga co-doped ZnO transparent conductive films deposited by magnetron sputtering. Results in Physics, 14, 102514. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2019.102514
Mahroug, A., Boudjadar, S., Hamrit, S., & Guerbous, L. (2014). Structural, optical and photocurrent properties of undoped and Al-doped ZnO thin films deposited by sol–gel spin coating technique. Materials Letters, 134, 248-251. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2014.07.099
Mártil, I., & Díaz, G. G. (1992). Undergraduate laboratory experiment: Measurement of the complex refractive index and the band gap of a thin film semiconductor. American Journal of Physics, 60(1), 83-86. https://www.doi.org/10.1119/1.17049
Ozel, K., & Yildiz, A. (2021a). Comprehensive understanding of the role of emitter layer thickness for metal–oxide–semiconductors based solar cells. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 12(1), 251-258. https://www.doi.org/10.1109/jphotov.2021.3119612
Ozel, K., & Yildiz, A. (2021b). The potential barrier-dependent carrier transport mechanism in n-SnO2/p-Si heterojunctions. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 332, 113141. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2021.113141
Ozel, K., & Yildiz, A. (2022). Estimation of maximum photoresponsivity of n‐SnO2/p‐Si heterojunction-based UV photodetectors. Physica Status Solidi (RRL) – Rapid Research Letters, 16(2), 2100490. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/pssr.202100490
Serin, T., Atilgan, A., Kara, I., & Yildiz, A. (2017). Electron transport in Al-Cu co-doped ZnO thin films. Journal of Applied Physics, 121(9), 095303. https://www.doi.org/10.1063/1.4977470
Serin, T., Yildiz, A., Uzun, Ş., Çam, E., & Serin, N. (2011). Electrical conduction properties of In-doped ZnO thin films. Physica Scripta, 84(6), 065703. https://www.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/84/06/065703
Shukla, R. K., Srivastava, A., Srivastava, A., & Dubey, K. C. (2006). Growth of transparent conducting nanocrystalline Al doped ZnO thin films by pulsed laser deposition. Journal of crystal growth, 294(2), 427-431. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2006.06.035
Soltabayev, B., Er, İ. K., Yildirim, M. A., Ates, A., & Acar, S. (2021). The Dependence of The Nickel Concentration of ZnO Thin Films for Gas Sensors Applications. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation, 8(1), 157-165.
Steinhauser, J., Faÿ, S., Oliveira, N., Vallat‐Sauvain, E., Zimin, D., Kroll, U., & Ballif, C. (2008). Electrical transport in boron‐doped polycrystalline zinc oxide thin films. physica status solidi (a), 205(8), 1983-1987. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200778878
Tsay, C. Y., Fan, K. S., & Lei, C. M. (2012). Synthesis and characterization of sol–gel derived gallium-doped zinc oxide thin films. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 512(1), 216-222. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.09.066
Tsay, C. Y., & Hsu, W. T. (2013). Sol–gel derived undoped and boron-doped ZnO semiconductor thin films: preparation and characterization. Ceramics International, 39(7), 7425-7432. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.02.086
Tsay, C. Y., Wu, C. W., Lei, C. M., Chen, F. S., & Lin, C. K. (2010). Microstructural and optical properties of Ga-doped ZnO semiconductor thin films prepared by sol–gel process. Thin Solid Films, 519(5), 1516-1520. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.08.170
Yildiz, A., Serin, T., Öztürk, E., & Serin, N. (2012). Barrier-controlled electron transport in Sn-doped ZnO polycrystalline thin films. Thin Solid Films, 522, 90-94. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2012.09.006
Yildiz, A., Uzun, S., Serin, N., & Serin, T. (2016). Influence of grain boundaries on the figure of merit of undoped and Al, In, Sn doped ZnO thin films for photovoltaic applications. Scripta Materialia, 113, 23-26. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.10.004
Yoshino, K., Fukushima, T., & Yoneta, M. (2005). Structural, optical and electrical characterization on ZnO film grown by a spray pyrolysis method. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 16, 403-408. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-005-2305-5
Zhang, Y., Liu, C., Liu, J., Xiong, J., Liu, J., Zhang, K., Liu, Y., Peng, M., Yu, A., Zhang, A., Zhang, Y., Wang, Z., Zhai, J., & Wang, Z. L. (2016). Lattice strain induced remarkable enhancement in piezoelectric performance of ZnO-based flexible nanogenerators. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 8(2), 1381-1387. https://www.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b10345
Zhao, D., Sathasivam, S., Wang, M., & Carmalt, C. J. (2022). Transparent and conducting boron doped ZnO thin films grown by aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition. RSC Advances, 12(51), 33049-33055. https://www.doi.org/10.1039/D2RA05895B

Systematic Investigation on the Synergistic Impact of Gallium (Ga)-Boron (B) Co-Doping on the Features of ZnO Films

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 442 - 451, 31.12.2023

Kenan Özel Abdullah Atılgan

https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1358177

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Herein, gallium-boron co-doped ZnO (GBZO) thin films (TFs) of varying percentages of Ga and B doping content were coated on glass slides via spin-coating technique. The impact of doping content on the features of GBZO TFs was comprehensively probed in this work. The characterization results demonstrate that the doping content has a profound impact on the features of GBZO TFs. The X-ray diffraction results verify the polycrystalline nature of GBZO TFs with varying diffraction peak intensities. AFM images disclose the smooth coating of GBZO TFs with low surface roughness. UV–Vis-NIR transmittance spectra reveal that the deposited TFs exhibit high transparency over 86 % in range of 400-800 nm wavelength with excellent optical properties. The electrical resistance measurements indicate that GBZO TFs having doping concentrations of 2.5 at. % of Ga and 0.5 at. % of B has the lower resistivity, and the resistivity of the samples are strongly affected by the doping content. The obtained knowledge from this study could be useful for the fabrication of TF based optoelectronic devices.

Keywords

Co-doped ZnO Thin Film, Ga Doping, B Doping, Spin Coating Method

References

Al-Ghamdi, A. A., Al-Hartomy, O. A., El Okr, M., Nawar, A. M., El-Gazzar, S., El-Tantawy, F., & Yakuphanoglu, F. (2014). Semiconducting properties of Al doped ZnO thin films. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 131, 512-517. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.020
Chahmat, N., Souier, T., Mokri, A., Bououdina, M., Aida, M. S., & Ghers, M. (2014). Structure, microstructure and optical properties of Sn-doped ZnO thin films. Journal of alloys and compounds, 593, 148-153. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.01.024
Chen, X. L., Xu, B. H., Xue, J. M., Zhao, Y., Wei, C. C., Sun, J., Wang, Y., Zhang, X. D., & Geng, X. H. (2007). Boron-doped zinc oxide thin films for large-area solar cells grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Thin Solid Films, 515(7-8), 3753-3759. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2006.09.039
Chen, R., & Lan, L. (2019). Solution-processed metal-oxide thin-film transistors: A review of recent developments. Nanotechnology, 30(31), 312001. https://www.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ab1860
Choi, Y. J., Gong, S. C., Johnson, D. C., Golledge, S., Yeom, G. Y., & Park, H. H. (2013). Characteristics of the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of Al-doped ZnO thin films deposited by atomic layer deposition. Applied Surface Science, 269, 92-97. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.09.159
Dash, J. N., Das, R., & Jha, R. (2018). AZO coated microchannel incorporated PCF-based SPR sensor: a numerical analysis. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 30(11), 1032-1035. https://www.doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2018.2829920
Farrag, A. A. G., & Balboul, M. R. (2017). Nano ZnO thin films synthesis by sol–gel spin coating method as a transparent layer for solar cell applications. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 82, 269-279. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-016-4277-8
Kara, I., Atilgan, A., Serin, T., & Yildiz, A. (2017). Effects of Co and Cu dopants on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of ZnO nanocrystals. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 28, 6088-6092. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-6285-4
Kara, I., Yildiz, A., Yildiz, G., Dogan, B., Serin, N., & Serin, T. (2016). Al and X (Sn, Cu, In) co-doped ZnO nanocrystals. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 27, 6179-6182. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4546-x
Kaur, G., Mitra, A., & Yadav, K. L. (2015). Pulsed laser deposited Al-doped ZnO thin films for optical applications. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International, 25(1), 12-21. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnsc.2015.01.012
Lee, P. C., Hsiao, Y. L., Dutta, J., Wang, R. C., Tseng, S. W., & Liu, C. P. (2021). Development of porous ZnO thin films for enhancing piezoelectric nanogenerators and force sensors. Nano Energy, 82, 105702. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105702
Liu, Y., & Zhu, S. (2019). Preparation and characterization of Mg, Al and Ga co-doped ZnO transparent conductive films deposited by magnetron sputtering. Results in Physics, 14, 102514. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2019.102514
Mahroug, A., Boudjadar, S., Hamrit, S., & Guerbous, L. (2014). Structural, optical and photocurrent properties of undoped and Al-doped ZnO thin films deposited by sol–gel spin coating technique. Materials Letters, 134, 248-251. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2014.07.099
Mártil, I., & Díaz, G. G. (1992). Undergraduate laboratory experiment: Measurement of the complex refractive index and the band gap of a thin film semiconductor. American Journal of Physics, 60(1), 83-86. https://www.doi.org/10.1119/1.17049
Ozel, K., & Yildiz, A. (2021a). Comprehensive understanding of the role of emitter layer thickness for metal–oxide–semiconductors based solar cells. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 12(1), 251-258. https://www.doi.org/10.1109/jphotov.2021.3119612
Ozel, K., & Yildiz, A. (2021b). The potential barrier-dependent carrier transport mechanism in n-SnO2/p-Si heterojunctions. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 332, 113141. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2021.113141
Ozel, K., & Yildiz, A. (2022). Estimation of maximum photoresponsivity of n‐SnO2/p‐Si heterojunction-based UV photodetectors. Physica Status Solidi (RRL) – Rapid Research Letters, 16(2), 2100490. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/pssr.202100490
Serin, T., Atilgan, A., Kara, I., & Yildiz, A. (2017). Electron transport in Al-Cu co-doped ZnO thin films. Journal of Applied Physics, 121(9), 095303. https://www.doi.org/10.1063/1.4977470
Serin, T., Yildiz, A., Uzun, Ş., Çam, E., & Serin, N. (2011). Electrical conduction properties of In-doped ZnO thin films. Physica Scripta, 84(6), 065703. https://www.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/84/06/065703
Shukla, R. K., Srivastava, A., Srivastava, A., & Dubey, K. C. (2006). Growth of transparent conducting nanocrystalline Al doped ZnO thin films by pulsed laser deposition. Journal of crystal growth, 294(2), 427-431. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2006.06.035
Soltabayev, B., Er, İ. K., Yildirim, M. A., Ates, A., & Acar, S. (2021). The Dependence of The Nickel Concentration of ZnO Thin Films for Gas Sensors Applications. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation, 8(1), 157-165.
Steinhauser, J., Faÿ, S., Oliveira, N., Vallat‐Sauvain, E., Zimin, D., Kroll, U., & Ballif, C. (2008). Electrical transport in boron‐doped polycrystalline zinc oxide thin films. physica status solidi (a), 205(8), 1983-1987. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200778878
Tsay, C. Y., Fan, K. S., & Lei, C. M. (2012). Synthesis and characterization of sol–gel derived gallium-doped zinc oxide thin films. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 512(1), 216-222. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.09.066
Tsay, C. Y., & Hsu, W. T. (2013). Sol–gel derived undoped and boron-doped ZnO semiconductor thin films: preparation and characterization. Ceramics International, 39(7), 7425-7432. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.02.086
Tsay, C. Y., Wu, C. W., Lei, C. M., Chen, F. S., & Lin, C. K. (2010). Microstructural and optical properties of Ga-doped ZnO semiconductor thin films prepared by sol–gel process. Thin Solid Films, 519(5), 1516-1520. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.08.170
Yildiz, A., Serin, T., Öztürk, E., & Serin, N. (2012). Barrier-controlled electron transport in Sn-doped ZnO polycrystalline thin films. Thin Solid Films, 522, 90-94. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2012.09.006
Yildiz, A., Uzun, S., Serin, N., & Serin, T. (2016). Influence of grain boundaries on the figure of merit of undoped and Al, In, Sn doped ZnO thin films for photovoltaic applications. Scripta Materialia, 113, 23-26. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.10.004
Yoshino, K., Fukushima, T., & Yoneta, M. (2005). Structural, optical and electrical characterization on ZnO film grown by a spray pyrolysis method. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 16, 403-408. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-005-2305-5
Zhang, Y., Liu, C., Liu, J., Xiong, J., Liu, J., Zhang, K., Liu, Y., Peng, M., Yu, A., Zhang, A., Zhang, Y., Wang, Z., Zhai, J., & Wang, Z. L. (2016). Lattice strain induced remarkable enhancement in piezoelectric performance of ZnO-based flexible nanogenerators. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 8(2), 1381-1387. https://www.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b10345
Zhao, D., Sathasivam, S., Wang, M., & Carmalt, C. J. (2022). Transparent and conducting boron doped ZnO thin films grown by aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition. RSC Advances, 12(51), 33049-33055. https://www.doi.org/10.1039/D2RA05895B

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Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Semiconductors
Journal Section	Electronics, Sensors and Digital Hardware
Authors	Kenan Özel 0000-0002-0250-3731 Abdullah Atılgan 0000-0002-5624-3664
Early Pub Date	December 12, 2023
Publication Date	December 31, 2023
Submission Date	September 13, 2023
Published in Issue	Year 2023 Volume: 10 Issue: 4

Cite

APA	Özel, K., & Atılgan, A. (2023). Systematic Investigation on the Synergistic Impact of Gallium (Ga)-Boron (B) Co-Doping on the Features of ZnO Films. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation, 10(4), 442-451. https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1358177

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Boron-doped thin films fabricated by the spin coating method: the effect of doping concentrations

Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation

https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1362103

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