Research Article
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Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 122 - 129, 29.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.723755

Abstract

References

  • Al Saadi, S. M. F., Aerodynamic Characteristics of Peugeot 405 Car Model. M. S. Thesis. University of Baghdad. Baghdad, Iraq, 2017.
  • Elrewami, M., and Aburawey I. The effect of front and rear windscreen angles on the aerodynamic drag force of a simplified car model. International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies 6-3, 83-88, 2019.
  • Bayindirli, C. Numerical Drag Reductıon Of A Ground Vehicle By Naca2415 Airfoil Structured Vortex Generator And Spoiler, International Journal of Automotive Technology, 20-5, 943948, 2019.
  • Bellman, M. Agarwal, R. Naber, J. and Chusak, L. Reducing energy consumption of ground vehicles by active flow control. In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. pp 785-793, 2010.
  • Patil, C.N. Shashishekar, K.S. Balasubramanian, A.K. Subbaramaiah, S.V. Aerodynamic Study and drag coefficient optimization of passenger vehicle, International Journal of gineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 1-7, 1-8, 2012.
  • Kütük, E., Çalışkan, M. and Bayram, A. A Study on Aerodynamic Drag of Semi-Trailer Truck with Different Rear Height. Journal of Current Researches on Engineering, Science and Technology, 4-2, 113-124, 2018.
  • Pal, S. S., and Singh, A. Design and simulate an aerodynamic car body for the Maruti Suzuki 800 with less coefficient of drag. Int. Research J. Engineering and Technology 3-6, 299303, 2016.
  • Seyhan, M, Sarıoğlu, M., and Akansu, Y.E. Effect of Attack Angle On Flow Around a Square Prism with A Splitter Plate. Uludağ University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering, 23-2, 233-240, 2018.
  • Yildiz, A., Dandil, B. Investigation of effect of vehicle grilles on aerodynamic energy loss and drag coefficient. Journal of Energy Systems, 2-4, 190-203, 2018.
  • Raina, A. and Khajuria, A. Flow Control Around a 3D-Bluff Body Using Passive Device. International Journal of Science and Engineering 4(1), 8-13, 2018.
  • Yagiz B. Kandil O. Pehlivanoglu Y.V. Drag minimization using active and passive flow control techniques. Aerospace Science and Technology 17, 21–31, 2012.
  • Mohamed, E.A. Radhwi, M.N. Abdel Gawad A.F. Computational investigation of aerodynamic characteristics and drag reduction of a bus model. American Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2(1-1), 64-73, 2015.
  • Bayindirli C., Çelik, M., Demiralp, M. The investigation of flow characteristic around a bus model by CFD method and improvement of drag force by passive flow control method. Journal of Polytechnic, 21-4, 785-795, 2018.
  • Çengel, Y. A., and Cimbala, J. M. Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics and Applications. Güven Publish. İzmir, Turkey, 2008.
  • [15]. İnce, İ.T. Aerodynamic Analysis of GTD Model Administrative Service Vehicle PhD Thesis. Gazi Universty Institute of Science. Ankara. 30-66, 2010.
  • Wood, R.M., and Bauer, S.X.S. Simple and low cost aerodynamic drag reduction devices for tractor-trailer Trucks. SAE Technical Paper, 01–3377, 1-18, 2003.
  • Özel, M., Aygün, E., Akansu, Y.E., Bayindirli, C., Seyhan, M. The passive flow control around a truck-trailer model. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 4-4,185 – 192, 2015.
  • Sarı, M.F. The Aerodynamic Analysis of Air Resistance Affecting the Front Form of Light Commercial Vehicles and Its Effect on Fuel Consumption, Osmangazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Master Thesis, Eskişehir, 28-54, 2007.

The determination of effect of windshield ınclination angle on drag coefficient of a bus model by CFD method

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 122 - 129, 29.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.723755

Abstract

This paper focuses on determining of windshield inclination angle to aerodynamic drag coefficient for a 1/64 scaled bus model by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method. The bus models were designed by using SolidWorks program in 4 different windshield inclination angle (α=0˚, α=15˚, α=30˚, α=45˚). Flow analysis were performed at 15 m/s, 20 m/s, 25 m/s and 30 m/s free flow velocities and between the range of 173000-346000 Reynolds numbers in Fluent® program. To provide geometric similarity 1/64 scaled licensed model bus was used in order to obtain drawing datas. The blockage rate was 3.39% for the kinematic similarity. Reynolds number independence was used to ensure dynamic similarity in study. The effect of windshield inclination angle to drag coefficient was determined by CFD method. The aerodynamic drag coefficients (CD) of the bus models were determined as 0.759 for model 1, 0.731 for model 2, 0.683 for model 3 and 0.623 for model 4. There are 17.92%, 14.84% and 8.76% drag reduction in model 4 which has α=45˚ windshield inclination angle when compared model 1 (α=0˚), model 2 (α=15˚) and model 3 (α=30˚) respectively. 0.4% drag reduction was obtained by increasing every 1 degree of windshield angle. The windshield inclination angle considerably affects drag forces on buses. The distribution of total drag was determined as pressure-friction based. The flow visualizations were obtained and flow structure around of bus models was detected.

References

  • Al Saadi, S. M. F., Aerodynamic Characteristics of Peugeot 405 Car Model. M. S. Thesis. University of Baghdad. Baghdad, Iraq, 2017.
  • Elrewami, M., and Aburawey I. The effect of front and rear windscreen angles on the aerodynamic drag force of a simplified car model. International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies 6-3, 83-88, 2019.
  • Bayindirli, C. Numerical Drag Reductıon Of A Ground Vehicle By Naca2415 Airfoil Structured Vortex Generator And Spoiler, International Journal of Automotive Technology, 20-5, 943948, 2019.
  • Bellman, M. Agarwal, R. Naber, J. and Chusak, L. Reducing energy consumption of ground vehicles by active flow control. In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. pp 785-793, 2010.
  • Patil, C.N. Shashishekar, K.S. Balasubramanian, A.K. Subbaramaiah, S.V. Aerodynamic Study and drag coefficient optimization of passenger vehicle, International Journal of gineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 1-7, 1-8, 2012.
  • Kütük, E., Çalışkan, M. and Bayram, A. A Study on Aerodynamic Drag of Semi-Trailer Truck with Different Rear Height. Journal of Current Researches on Engineering, Science and Technology, 4-2, 113-124, 2018.
  • Pal, S. S., and Singh, A. Design and simulate an aerodynamic car body for the Maruti Suzuki 800 with less coefficient of drag. Int. Research J. Engineering and Technology 3-6, 299303, 2016.
  • Seyhan, M, Sarıoğlu, M., and Akansu, Y.E. Effect of Attack Angle On Flow Around a Square Prism with A Splitter Plate. Uludağ University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering, 23-2, 233-240, 2018.
  • Yildiz, A., Dandil, B. Investigation of effect of vehicle grilles on aerodynamic energy loss and drag coefficient. Journal of Energy Systems, 2-4, 190-203, 2018.
  • Raina, A. and Khajuria, A. Flow Control Around a 3D-Bluff Body Using Passive Device. International Journal of Science and Engineering 4(1), 8-13, 2018.
  • Yagiz B. Kandil O. Pehlivanoglu Y.V. Drag minimization using active and passive flow control techniques. Aerospace Science and Technology 17, 21–31, 2012.
  • Mohamed, E.A. Radhwi, M.N. Abdel Gawad A.F. Computational investigation of aerodynamic characteristics and drag reduction of a bus model. American Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2(1-1), 64-73, 2015.
  • Bayindirli C., Çelik, M., Demiralp, M. The investigation of flow characteristic around a bus model by CFD method and improvement of drag force by passive flow control method. Journal of Polytechnic, 21-4, 785-795, 2018.
  • Çengel, Y. A., and Cimbala, J. M. Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics and Applications. Güven Publish. İzmir, Turkey, 2008.
  • [15]. İnce, İ.T. Aerodynamic Analysis of GTD Model Administrative Service Vehicle PhD Thesis. Gazi Universty Institute of Science. Ankara. 30-66, 2010.
  • Wood, R.M., and Bauer, S.X.S. Simple and low cost aerodynamic drag reduction devices for tractor-trailer Trucks. SAE Technical Paper, 01–3377, 1-18, 2003.
  • Özel, M., Aygün, E., Akansu, Y.E., Bayindirli, C., Seyhan, M. The passive flow control around a truck-trailer model. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 4-4,185 – 192, 2015.
  • Sarı, M.F. The Aerodynamic Analysis of Air Resistance Affecting the Front Form of Light Commercial Vehicles and Its Effect on Fuel Consumption, Osmangazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Master Thesis, Eskişehir, 28-54, 2007.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mechanical Engineering
Journal Section Article
Authors

Cihan Bayındırlı 0000-0001-9199-9670

Mehmet Çelik 0000-0002-3390-1716

Publication Date September 29, 2020
Submission Date April 20, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Bayındırlı, C., & Çelik, M. (2020). The determination of effect of windshield ınclination angle on drag coefficient of a bus model by CFD method. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 9(3), 122-129. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.723755
AMA Bayındırlı C, Çelik M. The determination of effect of windshield ınclination angle on drag coefficient of a bus model by CFD method. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. September 2020;9(3):122-129. doi:10.18245/ijaet.723755
Chicago Bayındırlı, Cihan, and Mehmet Çelik. “The Determination of Effect of Windshield ınclination Angle on Drag Coefficient of a Bus Model by CFD Method”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 9, no. 3 (September 2020): 122-29. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.723755.
EndNote Bayındırlı C, Çelik M (September 1, 2020) The determination of effect of windshield ınclination angle on drag coefficient of a bus model by CFD method. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 9 3 122–129.
IEEE C. Bayındırlı and M. Çelik, “The determination of effect of windshield ınclination angle on drag coefficient of a bus model by CFD method”, International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 122–129, 2020, doi: 10.18245/ijaet.723755.
ISNAD Bayındırlı, Cihan - Çelik, Mehmet. “The Determination of Effect of Windshield ınclination Angle on Drag Coefficient of a Bus Model by CFD Method”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 9/3 (September 2020), 122-129. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.723755.
JAMA Bayındırlı C, Çelik M. The determination of effect of windshield ınclination angle on drag coefficient of a bus model by CFD method. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. 2020;9:122–129.
MLA Bayındırlı, Cihan and Mehmet Çelik. “The Determination of Effect of Windshield ınclination Angle on Drag Coefficient of a Bus Model by CFD Method”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, vol. 9, no. 3, 2020, pp. 122-9, doi:10.18245/ijaet.723755.
Vancouver Bayındırlı C, Çelik M. The determination of effect of windshield ınclination angle on drag coefficient of a bus model by CFD method. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. 2020;9(3):122-9.