Research Article
A RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES AND WOOD VINEGAR ON WEEDS AND CULTIVATED PLANTS IN WHEAT AGRO-ECOSYSTEM
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effects of pesticides and wood vinegar that are used for the plant protection in wheat agro-ecosystems on weeds and cultivated plants in 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 production seasons in Muş Province ecological conditions. The field experiment was done in wheat field according to randomized block design with four repetition. Treatments in the experiment was based on the pesticides used by BERCE Alparslan agricultural enterprise and treatment schedule of the company. These treatments were: 1) Pesticide treatment (fungicide, herbicide), 2) 0.5% - 1% - 2% - 3% - 4% and 5% ml wood vinegar treatments that correspond to pesticide treatment, 3) Control treatment with tap water. It was observed that when compared to control group, pesticide treatment decreased weeds the number of, variety and the dry weight (P=0.002), however, it significantly increased values such as grain size, number of seed per spica, grain yield per spica and harvest index (%) of cultivated plants (P≤0.05). On the other hand, use of 1% ml wood vinegar had a significant effect on higher yield index (P≤0.05).
Keywords
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Thanks
The authors would like to thank Prof. Dr. Mehmet MENDEŞ, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Fatih ÇIĞ, and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Süleyman Mesut PINAR for the help, and BERCE Alparslan Agricultural Administration for providing place/opportunity for this study. This study constitutes a part of a PhD thesis (A Research on Determination of Some Effects of Wood Vinegar and Pesticides on Wheat Agro-ecosystems). Further, this study has been presented in IGAP2018-1ST International GAP Agriculture and Livestock Congress 2018 (25-27 April, 2018/Şanlıurfa, Turkey) and EJONS International Congress on Mathematic, Engineering and Natural Sciences - III (21-22 April, 2018/Mardin, Turkey) as an oral presentation.
References
- Balaž, F. F., Solarov, M. B., Vučković, J. N., & Bagi, F. F. (2011). Effects of chemical treatments on infestation of Alternaria spp. and Fusarium spp. in correlation with technological wheat quality. Matica Srpska Proceedings for Natural Sciences / Zbornik Matice Srpske Za Prirodne Nauke, 121, 79-84.
- Bari, M. N. (2010). Effects of herbicides on weed suppression and rice yield in transplanted wetland rice. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 16 (4), 349-361.
- Baimark, Y., & Niamsa, Y. (2009). Study on wood vinegars for use as coagulating and antifungal agents on the production of natural rubber sheets. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33 (6-7), 994-998.
- Blandino, M., Minelli, L., & Reyneri, A. (2006). Strategies for the chemical control of Fusarium head blight: effect on yield, alveographic parameters and deoxynivalenol contamination in winter wheat grain. European Journal of Agronomy, 25 (3), 193-201.
- Curaoğlu, M. (2008). Çıkış öncesi ve sonrası uygulanan bazı herbisitlerin farklı sıcak iklim çim buğdaygillerinin değişik özelliklerine etkisi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), EU. Fen Bil. Ens., Tarla Bitkileri ABD. 100 s.
- Davis, P. H. (Eds.) (1965-1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. (Vol.1-9), Edinburgh Univ. Press., Edinburgh.
- Davis, P. H., Mill, R. R., & Tan, K. (Eds.) (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. (Vol.10), Edinburgh Univ. Press., Edinburgh.
- Erdoğan, P., & Toros, S. (2005). The effects of Melia azedarach L. extracts on development on larvae of Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Col.: Chrysomelidae)]. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 45 (1-4), 99-118.
- Ghulam, A., Ali, M. A., Raffaqat, H., Zafar, A., Muhammad, A., & Muhammad, N. (2010). Performance of different herbicides for the control of wild oats and yield of wheat crop under arid climate of Punjab. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 16 (2), 139-144.
- Güner, A., Özhatay, N., Ekim, T., & Başer, K. H. C. (Eds.) (2000). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. (Vol. 11), Edinburgh University Press., Edinburgh. Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M., & Babaç, M. T. (Eds.) (2012). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler), Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, İstanbul, Turkey.
- Jothityangkoon, D., Koolachart, R., Wanapat, S., Wongkaew, S., & Jogloy, S. (2008). Using wood vinegar in enhancing peanut yield and in controlling the contamination of aflatoxin producing fungus. International Crop Science, 4, 253-253.
- Kaydan, D., Tepe, I., Yağmur, M., & Yergin, R. (2012). Effects of sowing methods and rates on weeds, grain yield and some yield components of wheat. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17 (4), 310-323.
- Khan, I. A., Khan, M. I., Khan, I., Imran, M., Idrees, M., & Bıbı, S. (2013). Effect of different herbicides and plant extracts on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 45 (3), 981-985.
- Kıvılcım-Kılınç, Ö. (2015). Aclonifen uygulama zamanının tilkikuyruğu [Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. (Poaceae)] yapraklarındaki kritik konsantrasyon değerine etkisi. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 3 (6), 491-497.
- Koç, İ., Yardım, E. N., & Yıldız, Ş. (2017). Antifungal effects of wood vinegar, derived from broiler chicken manure, on microfungi under in vitro conditions. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 27 (4), 516-520.
- Koç, İ., Yardım, E. N., Çelik, A., Mendeş, M., Mirtagioğlu, H., & Namlı, A. (2018). Determination of antifungal effect of wood vinegar obtained from hazelnut shells against mold factors in in-vitro Conditions. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 7 (2), 296-300.
- Koc, I., Namli, A., Mendes, M., Pinar, S. M., Cig, F., & Yardim, E. N. (2019). A study on the effects of wood vinegar on weeds and cultivated plants in the wheat agro-ecosystems. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 28 (4), 2747-2753.
- Kim, D. H., Seo, H. E., Lee, S., & Lee, K. (2008). Effects of wood vinegar mixted with insecticides on the mortalities of Nilaparvata lugens and Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Animal Cells and Systems, 12 (1), 47-52.
- Mahmood, I., Imadi, S. R., Shazadi, K., Gul, A., & Hakeem, K. R. (2016). Effects of pesticides on environment. In Plant, Soil and Microbes (pp. 253-269). Springer, Cham.
- Mu, J., Uehara, T., & Furuno, T. (2003). Effect of bamboo vinegar on regulation of germination and radicle growth of seed plants. Journal of Wood Science, 49 (3), 262-270.
- Mungkunkamchao, T., Kesmala, T., Pimratch, S., Toomsan, B., & Jothityangkoon, D. (2013). Wood vinegar and fermented bioextracts: natural products to enhance growth and yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 154, 66-72.
- Muş meteorological provincial directorate records, https://www.mgm.gov.tr/kurumsal/istasyonlarimiz.aspx?sSirala=AL&m=MUS#sfB/ Accessed 5.11.2016.
- Namlı, A., Akça, M. O., Turgay, E. B., & Soba, M. R. (2014). Investigation of potential agricultural use of wood vinegar. Soil-Water Journal, 3 (1), 44-52.
- Nurhayati, T., Roliadi, H., & Bermawie, N. (2005). Production of mangium (Acacia mangium) wood vinegar and its utilization. Journal of Forestry Research, 2 (1),13-25.
- Pangnakorn, U., Watanasorn, S., Kuntha, C., & Chuenchooklin, S. (2009). Application of wood vinegar to fermented liquid bio-fertilizer for organic agriculture on soybean. Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry, 189-196.
- Pimentel, D. (1995). Amounts of pesticide reaching target pests: environmental impacts and ethics. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 8 (1), 17-29.
- Rakmai, J. (2009). Chemical determinations, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of thai wood vinegars. (Master Thesis), Prience of Songkla University, 151p.
- Rico, C. M., Mintah, L. O., Kim, M. K., Chung, I. K., Son, T. K., & Lee, S. C. (2007). Effects of mixture of wood vinegar and sulfonylurea-based herbicides on the control of mixed weed flora and the yield of transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.). Philippine Agricultural Scientist, 90 (4), 341-345.
- Rodrigo, S., Cuello-Hormigo, B., Gomes, C., Santamaria, O., Costa, R., & Poblaciones, M. J. (2015). Influence of fungicide treatments on disease severity caused by Zymoseptoria tritici, and on grain yield and quality parameters of bread-making wheat under mediterranean conditions. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 141 (1), 99-109.
- Saberi, M., Askary, H., Sarpeleh, A., & Gharalari, A. H. (2013). Wood vinegar as a biological product for managing Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum. Canadian Journal of Plant Protection, 1 (4), 129-133.
- Shehzad, M. A., Maqsood, M., Anwar-ul-Haq M., & Niaz, A. (2012). Efficacy of various herbicides against weeds in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). African Journal of Biotechnology, 11 (4), 791-799.
- Sönmez, S. (1993). Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl: buğday tarlalarında dar yapraklı yabancı otlarla mücadele. Türkiye 1. Herboloji Kongresi, 3-5 Şubat 1993, Adana. Şanlı, A., Kaya, M., & Kara, B. (2009). Effects of herbicide applications and hoeing times of weed on yield and some yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24 (1), 13-20.
- TAGEM. Bitki zararlıları standart ilaç deneme metotları: Yem bitkileri zararlıları, http://www.tarim.gov.tr/tagem/belgeler/yayin/18.pdf / Accessed 27.11.2016.
- Tepe, I., & Nemli, Y. (1993). Domates fidelerinde geniş yapraklı yabancı otlara kimyasal mücadele çalışmaları. Türkiye 1. Herboloji Kongresi, 3-5 Şubat 1993, Adana.
- Tuğay, M. E. (1999). Çevre koşullarının bazı arpa hat ve çeşitlerinin tane verimi ve diğer bazı özellikleri üzerine etkisi. (Doktora Tezi), Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
- Tiilikkala, K., Fagernäs, L., & Tiilikkala, J. (2010). History and use of wood prolysis liquids as biocide and plant protection product. The Open Agriculture Journal, 4 (1), 111-118.
- Uysal, B. (2012). Mısırda sorun olan yabancı otlara karşı kullanılan bazı herbisitlerin farklı dozlarının yabancı otlanmaya ve mısır verimine etkisinin araştırılması. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), GOU. Fen Bil. Enst., Bitki Koruma ABD, 70 s.
- Winer, B. J., Brown, D. R., & Michels, K. M. (1971). Statistical principles in experimental design, Vol. 2. McGraw-Hill, New York. 1048p.
- Yoshimura, H., Washio, H., Yoshida, S., Seino, T., Otaka, M., Matsubara, K., & Matsubara, M. (1995). Promoting effect of wood vinegar compounds on fruit-body formation of Pleurotus ostreatus. Mycoscience, 36 (2), 173-177.
PESTİSİTLER VE ODUN SİRKESİNİN BUĞDAY AGRO-EKOSİSTEMİNDEKİ YABANCI OT VE KÜLTÜR BİTKİSİNE ETKİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Abstract
Bu çalışma, buğday agro-ekosisteminde bitki koruma amaçlı kullanılan pestisitlerin ve odun sirkesinin, yabancı ot ve kültür bitkisine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla 2014-2015 ve 2015-2016 üretim sezonlarında Muş ili ekolojik şartlarında yapılmıştır. Tarla denemesi, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre ve dört tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Denemede yapılan muameleler, BERCE Alparslan tarım işletmesinin kullandığı pestisitler ve uygulama takvimi takip edilerek yapılmıştır. Yapılan muameleler; 1) pestisit muamelesi (fungisit, herbisit), 2) pestisit uygulamasına tekabül eden %0.5 - %1 - %2 - %3 - %4 ve %5 ml odun sirkesi muameleleri ve 3) sadece şebeke suyu verilen kontrol muamelesi şeklinde yapılmıştır. Yapılan istatistiksel analizler sonucunda; kontrol grubuna göre pestisit muamelesinin yabancı ot sayısı, çeşitliliği ve kuru ağırlığını azalttığı (P=0.002), kültür bitkisinin; başakta tane sayısı, başakta tane verimi ve hasat indeksi gibi değerleri önemli düzeylerde artırdığı görülmüştür (P≤0.05). Buna karşın %1 ml odun sirkesinin hasat indeksinin daha yüksek olmasında önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür (P≤0.05).
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References
- Balaž, F. F., Solarov, M. B., Vučković, J. N., & Bagi, F. F. (2011). Effects of chemical treatments on infestation of Alternaria spp. and Fusarium spp. in correlation with technological wheat quality. Matica Srpska Proceedings for Natural Sciences / Zbornik Matice Srpske Za Prirodne Nauke, 121, 79-84.
- Bari, M. N. (2010). Effects of herbicides on weed suppression and rice yield in transplanted wetland rice. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 16 (4), 349-361.
- Baimark, Y., & Niamsa, Y. (2009). Study on wood vinegars for use as coagulating and antifungal agents on the production of natural rubber sheets. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33 (6-7), 994-998.
- Blandino, M., Minelli, L., & Reyneri, A. (2006). Strategies for the chemical control of Fusarium head blight: effect on yield, alveographic parameters and deoxynivalenol contamination in winter wheat grain. European Journal of Agronomy, 25 (3), 193-201.
- Curaoğlu, M. (2008). Çıkış öncesi ve sonrası uygulanan bazı herbisitlerin farklı sıcak iklim çim buğdaygillerinin değişik özelliklerine etkisi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), EU. Fen Bil. Ens., Tarla Bitkileri ABD. 100 s.
- Davis, P. H. (Eds.) (1965-1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. (Vol.1-9), Edinburgh Univ. Press., Edinburgh.
- Davis, P. H., Mill, R. R., & Tan, K. (Eds.) (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. (Vol.10), Edinburgh Univ. Press., Edinburgh.
- Erdoğan, P., & Toros, S. (2005). The effects of Melia azedarach L. extracts on development on larvae of Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Col.: Chrysomelidae)]. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 45 (1-4), 99-118.
- Ghulam, A., Ali, M. A., Raffaqat, H., Zafar, A., Muhammad, A., & Muhammad, N. (2010). Performance of different herbicides for the control of wild oats and yield of wheat crop under arid climate of Punjab. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 16 (2), 139-144.
- Güner, A., Özhatay, N., Ekim, T., & Başer, K. H. C. (Eds.) (2000). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. (Vol. 11), Edinburgh University Press., Edinburgh. Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M., & Babaç, M. T. (Eds.) (2012). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler), Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, İstanbul, Turkey.
- Jothityangkoon, D., Koolachart, R., Wanapat, S., Wongkaew, S., & Jogloy, S. (2008). Using wood vinegar in enhancing peanut yield and in controlling the contamination of aflatoxin producing fungus. International Crop Science, 4, 253-253.
- Kaydan, D., Tepe, I., Yağmur, M., & Yergin, R. (2012). Effects of sowing methods and rates on weeds, grain yield and some yield components of wheat. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17 (4), 310-323.
- Khan, I. A., Khan, M. I., Khan, I., Imran, M., Idrees, M., & Bıbı, S. (2013). Effect of different herbicides and plant extracts on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 45 (3), 981-985.
- Kıvılcım-Kılınç, Ö. (2015). Aclonifen uygulama zamanının tilkikuyruğu [Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. (Poaceae)] yapraklarındaki kritik konsantrasyon değerine etkisi. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 3 (6), 491-497.
- Koç, İ., Yardım, E. N., & Yıldız, Ş. (2017). Antifungal effects of wood vinegar, derived from broiler chicken manure, on microfungi under in vitro conditions. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 27 (4), 516-520.
- Koç, İ., Yardım, E. N., Çelik, A., Mendeş, M., Mirtagioğlu, H., & Namlı, A. (2018). Determination of antifungal effect of wood vinegar obtained from hazelnut shells against mold factors in in-vitro Conditions. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 7 (2), 296-300.
- Koc, I., Namli, A., Mendes, M., Pinar, S. M., Cig, F., & Yardim, E. N. (2019). A study on the effects of wood vinegar on weeds and cultivated plants in the wheat agro-ecosystems. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 28 (4), 2747-2753.
- Kim, D. H., Seo, H. E., Lee, S., & Lee, K. (2008). Effects of wood vinegar mixted with insecticides on the mortalities of Nilaparvata lugens and Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Animal Cells and Systems, 12 (1), 47-52.
- Mahmood, I., Imadi, S. R., Shazadi, K., Gul, A., & Hakeem, K. R. (2016). Effects of pesticides on environment. In Plant, Soil and Microbes (pp. 253-269). Springer, Cham.
- Mu, J., Uehara, T., & Furuno, T. (2003). Effect of bamboo vinegar on regulation of germination and radicle growth of seed plants. Journal of Wood Science, 49 (3), 262-270.
- Mungkunkamchao, T., Kesmala, T., Pimratch, S., Toomsan, B., & Jothityangkoon, D. (2013). Wood vinegar and fermented bioextracts: natural products to enhance growth and yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 154, 66-72.
- Muş meteorological provincial directorate records, https://www.mgm.gov.tr/kurumsal/istasyonlarimiz.aspx?sSirala=AL&m=MUS#sfB/ Accessed 5.11.2016.
- Namlı, A., Akça, M. O., Turgay, E. B., & Soba, M. R. (2014). Investigation of potential agricultural use of wood vinegar. Soil-Water Journal, 3 (1), 44-52.
- Nurhayati, T., Roliadi, H., & Bermawie, N. (2005). Production of mangium (Acacia mangium) wood vinegar and its utilization. Journal of Forestry Research, 2 (1),13-25.
- Pangnakorn, U., Watanasorn, S., Kuntha, C., & Chuenchooklin, S. (2009). Application of wood vinegar to fermented liquid bio-fertilizer for organic agriculture on soybean. Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry, 189-196.
- Pimentel, D. (1995). Amounts of pesticide reaching target pests: environmental impacts and ethics. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 8 (1), 17-29.
- Rakmai, J. (2009). Chemical determinations, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of thai wood vinegars. (Master Thesis), Prience of Songkla University, 151p.
- Rico, C. M., Mintah, L. O., Kim, M. K., Chung, I. K., Son, T. K., & Lee, S. C. (2007). Effects of mixture of wood vinegar and sulfonylurea-based herbicides on the control of mixed weed flora and the yield of transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.). Philippine Agricultural Scientist, 90 (4), 341-345.
- Rodrigo, S., Cuello-Hormigo, B., Gomes, C., Santamaria, O., Costa, R., & Poblaciones, M. J. (2015). Influence of fungicide treatments on disease severity caused by Zymoseptoria tritici, and on grain yield and quality parameters of bread-making wheat under mediterranean conditions. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 141 (1), 99-109.
- Saberi, M., Askary, H., Sarpeleh, A., & Gharalari, A. H. (2013). Wood vinegar as a biological product for managing Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum. Canadian Journal of Plant Protection, 1 (4), 129-133.
- Shehzad, M. A., Maqsood, M., Anwar-ul-Haq M., & Niaz, A. (2012). Efficacy of various herbicides against weeds in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). African Journal of Biotechnology, 11 (4), 791-799.
- Sönmez, S. (1993). Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl: buğday tarlalarında dar yapraklı yabancı otlarla mücadele. Türkiye 1. Herboloji Kongresi, 3-5 Şubat 1993, Adana. Şanlı, A., Kaya, M., & Kara, B. (2009). Effects of herbicide applications and hoeing times of weed on yield and some yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24 (1), 13-20.
- TAGEM. Bitki zararlıları standart ilaç deneme metotları: Yem bitkileri zararlıları, http://www.tarim.gov.tr/tagem/belgeler/yayin/18.pdf / Accessed 27.11.2016.
- Tepe, I., & Nemli, Y. (1993). Domates fidelerinde geniş yapraklı yabancı otlara kimyasal mücadele çalışmaları. Türkiye 1. Herboloji Kongresi, 3-5 Şubat 1993, Adana.
- Tuğay, M. E. (1999). Çevre koşullarının bazı arpa hat ve çeşitlerinin tane verimi ve diğer bazı özellikleri üzerine etkisi. (Doktora Tezi), Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
- Tiilikkala, K., Fagernäs, L., & Tiilikkala, J. (2010). History and use of wood prolysis liquids as biocide and plant protection product. The Open Agriculture Journal, 4 (1), 111-118.
- Uysal, B. (2012). Mısırda sorun olan yabancı otlara karşı kullanılan bazı herbisitlerin farklı dozlarının yabancı otlanmaya ve mısır verimine etkisinin araştırılması. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), GOU. Fen Bil. Enst., Bitki Koruma ABD, 70 s.
- Winer, B. J., Brown, D. R., & Michels, K. M. (1971). Statistical principles in experimental design, Vol. 2. McGraw-Hill, New York. 1048p.
- Yoshimura, H., Washio, H., Yoshida, S., Seino, T., Otaka, M., Matsubara, K., & Matsubara, M. (1995). Promoting effect of wood vinegar compounds on fruit-body formation of Pleurotus ostreatus. Mycoscience, 36 (2), 173-177.
There are 39 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Environmental Engineering |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | ... |
| Publication Date | June 3, 2020 |
| Submission Date | April 2, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2020Volume: 23 Issue: 2 |
