Research Article
Year 2024,
Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 301 - 310, 03.06.2024
Abstract
Özellikle gıda sektörü başta olmak üzere otomotiv, havacılık, elektrik/elektronik ve tekstil sektörleri gibi endüstrinin birçok alanlarında çok farklı makinalar kullanılmaktadır. Bu makinalarda ise hareket iletimlerinde bazen plastik bazen de plastik esaslı kompozitlerden imal edilmiş dişli malzemeleri kullanılmaktadır. Bu deneysel çalışmada, saf poli-eter-imid (PEI) polimeri ile ağırlık olarak %30 oranında cam elyaf (CE) takviyeli poli-eter-imid (PEI-30CE) kompozitin tribolojik performansları incelenmiştir. Aşınma ve sürtünme deneyleri disk üzerinde pim cihazı kullanılarak yaklaşık oda sıcaklığında ve kuru kayma şartlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneylerde üç farklı yük (30N, 60N, 100N) ve 1.0 m/s kayma hızı kullanılmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda saf PEİ polimer ve %30 oranında cam elyaf takviyeli PEI kompozitinin sürtünme katsayısı, pim/disk sıcaklığı ve spesifik aşınma oranı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca optik mikroskop kullanılarak deneylerde kullanılan malzemelerinin aşınma yüzeyi mikroyapı incelemeleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneyler sonucunda uygulanan yüke bağlı olarak hem saf PEI hem de cam elyaf takviyeli PEI kompozitin sürtünme katsayısı ve aşınma oranının azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Cam elyaf takviyeli PEI kompozitin saf PEI polimerine göre yaklaşık %95 oranında daha yüksek aşınma direncine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
Sakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi
Project Number
008-2020
Thanks
Yazarlar, desteklerinden dolayı Sakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü’ne teşekkürü bir borç bilir.
References
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- Chen, J., Guo, Q., Zhang, S., Wang, X., & Shao, X. (2012). Research on friction and wear behaviors of PEEK/PEI/PES plastics alloys under sliding contact condition. Procedia Engineering, 36, 285-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.03.042
- Chen, J., Guo, Q., Zhao, Z., Shao, X., Wang, X., & Duan, C. (2013). Thermal, crystalline, and tribological properties of PEEK/PEI/PES plastics alloys. Journal of applied polymer science, 127(3), 2220-2226. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.37923
- Chou, T.W., McCullough, R.L., Pipes, R.B.: Composites. Sci. Am. 254, 193–203 (1986).
- Craver, C., & Carraher, C. (Eds.). (2000). Applied polymer science: 21st century. Elsevier.
- Demir, M. E., Çelik, Y. H., & Kılıçkap, E. (2019). Cam ve karbon elyaf takviyeli kompozitlerde elyaf cinsinin, yükün, kayma hızı ve mesafesinin abrazif aşınmaya etkisi. Politeknik Dergisi, 22(4), 811-817. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.429642
- Demir, Z. (2006). Tribological Performance of Electrical Insulating Poly-ether-imide Polymers. Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 13(1), 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1515/SECM.2006.13.1.55
- Feyzullahoğlu, E., & Recep, İ. (2018). Farklı Yük ve Hızlarda Cam Elyaf Takviyeli Polyester Kompozit Malzemelerin Aşınması. El-Cezeri, 5(1), 259-266. https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.370504
- Friedrich, K., & Almajid, A. A. (2013). Manufacturing aspects of advanced polymer composites for automotive applications. Applied Composite Materials, 20, 107-128. DOI 10.1007/s10443-012-9258-7 Https://Www.Polymershapes.Com/Application/Gears/
- Harsha, A. P., Wäsche, R., & Hartelt, M. (2017). Friction and wear studies of polyetherimide composites under oscillating sliding condition against steel cylinder. Polymer Composites, 38(1), 48-60. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.23559
- Li E.Z., Xu B.S., Wang H.D., & Guo W.L. (2013). The tribological behaviour of glass fiber-reinforced poly-ether-ether-ketone composite under dry sliding and water lubrication. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites. 32(5) 318–329.
- Maslavi, A., Ünal H., & Kaştan, A. (2022). Saf ve Cam Elyaf Katkılı PEEK Polimerin Sürtünme ve Aşınma Performanslarına Yük ve Kayma Hızının Etkisi. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 12(4), 2437-2449. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1131369
- McKeen, L. W. (2016). Permeability properties of plastics and elastomers. William Andrew.
- Meng, Z., Wang, Y., Liu, H., & Yan, F. (2022). Carbon fiber modified by attapulgite for preparing ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene composite with enhanced thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 33(12), 4142-4151. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.5845
- Mimaroğlu, A., Ünal, H., & Arda, T. (2007). Friction and wear performance of pure and glass fibre reinforced poly-ether-imide on polymer and steel counter-face materials. Wear, 262(11-12), 1407-1413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2007.01.015
- Özer, H. (2015). Sürekli Cam elyaf takviyeli termoplastik kompozit malzemelerin geliştirilmesi ve mekanik özelliklerinin deneysel olarak belirlenmesi (Yüksek lisans tezi, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Türkiye).
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- Song J, Lioa Z., Shi H, Xiang D., Liu Y., Liu W., & Peng Z, 2017. Fretting wear study of peek-based composites for bio-implant application. Tribology Letters, 65:150. DOI 10.1007/s11249-017-0931-8
- Stuart, B. H. (1998). Tribological studies of poly (ether-ether-ketone) blends. Tribology International, 31(11), 647-651. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-679X(98)00090-5
- Tatlıdilli, A. (2020). Karbon elyaf dolgulu Poli-eter-imid kompozitlerin üretimi ve karakterizasyonu.
- Ünal, H., & Mimaroglu, A. (2012). Comparison of tribological performance of PEEK, UHMWPE, glass fiber reinforced PTFE and PTFE reinforced PEI composite materials under dry and lubricated conditions. Journal of Polymer Engineering, 32(6-7), 349-354. https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2012-0052
- Vina, J., Garcia, M. A., Castrillo, M. A., Vina, I., & Argüelles, A. (2008). Wear behaviour of a glass fiber reinforced PEI composite. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 21(3), 279-286. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705708089481
- Xian, G., & Zhang, Z. (2004). Effects of the combination of solid lubricants and short carbon fibers on the sliding performance of poly (ether imide) matrix composites. Journal of applied polymer science, 94(4), 1428-1434. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.20980
- Xian, G., & Zhang, Z. (2005). Sliding wear of poly-ether-imide matrix composites: I. Influence of short carbon fibre reinforcement. Wear, 258(5-6), 776-782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2004.09.054
- Yılmaz, M. (2013). Kompozitlerin kuru kaymadaki aşınma davranışlarının deneysel olarak araştırılması (Doktora tezi, DEÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
- Yuan, J., Zhang, Z., Yang, M., Zhao, X., Wu, L., Li, P.& Liu, W. (2021). Combined effects of interface modification and micro-filler reinforcements on the thermal and tribological performances of fabric composites. Friction, 9, 1110-1126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-020-0405-0
Year 2024,
Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 301 - 310, 03.06.2024
Abstract
Many different machines are used in many areas of the industry such as automotive, aviation, electrical/electronic and textile sectors, especially in the food sector. In these machines, gear materials made of plastic and sometimes plastic-based composites are used in motion transmission. In this experimental study, the tribological performances of pure poly-ether-imide (PEI) polymer and 30wt.% by weight glass fiber (GF) reinforced poly -ether- imide (PEI-30GF) composite were investigated. Wear and friction tests were carried out using pin-on-disk device at approximately room temperature and dry sliding conditions. Three different loads (30N, 60N, 100N) and a sliding speed of 1.0 m/s were used in the experiments. As a result of the experiments, the friction coefficient, pin/disc temperature and specific wear rate of pure PEI polymer and PEI-30GF composite were determined. In addition, microstructure examinations of the wear surface of the materials used in the experiments were carried out using an optical microscope. As a result of the experiments, it was determined that the friction coefficient and wear rate of both pure PEI and PEI-30GF composite decreased depending on the applied load. It was determined that PEI-30GF composite has approximately 95% higher wear resistance than pure PEI polymer.
Keywords
Project Number
008-2020
References
- Cai, C. L. (2011). Evaluation of the friction and wear properties of PEI composites filled with glass and carbon fiber. Advanced Materials Research, 299, 21-24. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.299-300.21
- Chen, J., Guo, Q., Zhang, S., Wang, X., & Shao, X. (2012). Research on friction and wear behaviors of PEEK/PEI/PES plastics alloys under sliding contact condition. Procedia Engineering, 36, 285-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.03.042
- Chen, J., Guo, Q., Zhao, Z., Shao, X., Wang, X., & Duan, C. (2013). Thermal, crystalline, and tribological properties of PEEK/PEI/PES plastics alloys. Journal of applied polymer science, 127(3), 2220-2226. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.37923
- Chou, T.W., McCullough, R.L., Pipes, R.B.: Composites. Sci. Am. 254, 193–203 (1986).
- Craver, C., & Carraher, C. (Eds.). (2000). Applied polymer science: 21st century. Elsevier.
- Demir, M. E., Çelik, Y. H., & Kılıçkap, E. (2019). Cam ve karbon elyaf takviyeli kompozitlerde elyaf cinsinin, yükün, kayma hızı ve mesafesinin abrazif aşınmaya etkisi. Politeknik Dergisi, 22(4), 811-817. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.429642
- Demir, Z. (2006). Tribological Performance of Electrical Insulating Poly-ether-imide Polymers. Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 13(1), 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1515/SECM.2006.13.1.55
- Feyzullahoğlu, E., & Recep, İ. (2018). Farklı Yük ve Hızlarda Cam Elyaf Takviyeli Polyester Kompozit Malzemelerin Aşınması. El-Cezeri, 5(1), 259-266. https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.370504
- Friedrich, K., & Almajid, A. A. (2013). Manufacturing aspects of advanced polymer composites for automotive applications. Applied Composite Materials, 20, 107-128. DOI 10.1007/s10443-012-9258-7 Https://Www.Polymershapes.Com/Application/Gears/
- Harsha, A. P., Wäsche, R., & Hartelt, M. (2017). Friction and wear studies of polyetherimide composites under oscillating sliding condition against steel cylinder. Polymer Composites, 38(1), 48-60. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.23559
- Li E.Z., Xu B.S., Wang H.D., & Guo W.L. (2013). The tribological behaviour of glass fiber-reinforced poly-ether-ether-ketone composite under dry sliding and water lubrication. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites. 32(5) 318–329.
- Maslavi, A., Ünal H., & Kaştan, A. (2022). Saf ve Cam Elyaf Katkılı PEEK Polimerin Sürtünme ve Aşınma Performanslarına Yük ve Kayma Hızının Etkisi. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 12(4), 2437-2449. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1131369
- McKeen, L. W. (2016). Permeability properties of plastics and elastomers. William Andrew.
- Meng, Z., Wang, Y., Liu, H., & Yan, F. (2022). Carbon fiber modified by attapulgite for preparing ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene composite with enhanced thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 33(12), 4142-4151. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.5845
- Mimaroğlu, A., Ünal, H., & Arda, T. (2007). Friction and wear performance of pure and glass fibre reinforced poly-ether-imide on polymer and steel counter-face materials. Wear, 262(11-12), 1407-1413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2007.01.015
- Özer, H. (2015). Sürekli Cam elyaf takviyeli termoplastik kompozit malzemelerin geliştirilmesi ve mekanik özelliklerinin deneysel olarak belirlenmesi (Yüksek lisans tezi, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Türkiye).
- Pemberton, R., Summerscales, J., & Graham-Jones, J. (Eds.). (2018). Marine composites: design and performance. Woodhead Publishing.
- Sathishkumar, T. P., Satheeshkumar, S., & Naveen, J. (2014). Glass fiber reinforced polymer composites–a review. Journal of reinforced plastics and composites, 33(13), 1258-1275. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684414530
- Song J, Lioa Z., Shi H, Xiang D., Liu Y., Liu W., & Peng Z, 2017. Fretting wear study of peek-based composites for bio-implant application. Tribology Letters, 65:150. DOI 10.1007/s11249-017-0931-8
- Stuart, B. H. (1998). Tribological studies of poly (ether-ether-ketone) blends. Tribology International, 31(11), 647-651. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-679X(98)00090-5
- Tatlıdilli, A. (2020). Karbon elyaf dolgulu Poli-eter-imid kompozitlerin üretimi ve karakterizasyonu.
- Ünal, H., & Mimaroglu, A. (2012). Comparison of tribological performance of PEEK, UHMWPE, glass fiber reinforced PTFE and PTFE reinforced PEI composite materials under dry and lubricated conditions. Journal of Polymer Engineering, 32(6-7), 349-354. https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2012-0052
- Vina, J., Garcia, M. A., Castrillo, M. A., Vina, I., & Argüelles, A. (2008). Wear behaviour of a glass fiber reinforced PEI composite. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 21(3), 279-286. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705708089481
- Xian, G., & Zhang, Z. (2004). Effects of the combination of solid lubricants and short carbon fibers on the sliding performance of poly (ether imide) matrix composites. Journal of applied polymer science, 94(4), 1428-1434. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.20980
- Xian, G., & Zhang, Z. (2005). Sliding wear of poly-ether-imide matrix composites: I. Influence of short carbon fibre reinforcement. Wear, 258(5-6), 776-782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2004.09.054
- Yılmaz, M. (2013). Kompozitlerin kuru kaymadaki aşınma davranışlarının deneysel olarak araştırılması (Doktora tezi, DEÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
- Yuan, J., Zhang, Z., Yang, M., Zhao, X., Wu, L., Li, P.& Liu, W. (2021). Combined effects of interface modification and micro-filler reinforcements on the thermal and tribological performances of fabric composites. Friction, 9, 1110-1126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-020-0405-0
There are 27 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Material Production Technologies |
| Journal Section | Materials Science and Engineering |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 008-2020 |
| Publication Date | June 3, 2024 |
| Submission Date | May 29, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024Volume: 27 Issue: 2 |
