Abstract
Waveguides, one of the most effective ways to carry electromagnetic energy, have application areas such as microwave communication systems, internet networks, radars, space exploration, optics and aviation. Sudden changes in the size or shape of the waveguides, such as bends and twists, can cause reflections and overall loss of efficiency. When such a change is required, the bends and twists of the waveguides must provide certain conditions to prevent reflections. This paper describes a new method to evaluate the attenuation constant for a circular dielectric or metallic waveguide having uniform curvature. When the radius of curvature “Ro” is large compared to the radius “a” of the waveguide (i.e. R_o>>a), field components can be obtained directly using toroidal coordinate system for the curved section of the waveguide instead of obtaining from those obtained for straight waveguide using perturbation techniques. Results obtained show excellent agreement with those given in the literature
Keywords
References
- Tu. X., Li, M., Jiang, J., Goodwill ,D., Dumais, P., Bernier, E., Fu, H. and Geng, D. (2016). Compact low-loss adiabatic bends in silicon shallow etched waveguides. in Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Group IV Photonics, pp. 48–49
- Wu, X., Zhou,W. , Huang D., Zhang Z.,Wang Y., Bowers J. and Tsang , H. K. (2018). Low Crosstalk Bent Multimode Waveguide for On-chip Mode-Division Multiplexing Interconnects. in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Terchnical Digest (online). paper JW2A.66.
- Sun, C., Yu, Y., Chen, G. and Zhang, X. (2017). Ultra-compact bent multimode silicon waveguide with ultralow inter-mode crosstalk. Opt. Lett. 42(15). 3004–3007.
- Xu,H. and Shi,Y. (2018). Ultra sharp multimode waveguide bending assisted with metamaterial based mode converters. Laser Photonics Rev. 12(3). 1700240.
- Gabrielli,L.H., Liu, D., Johnson, S. G. and Lipson, M. (2012). On-chip transformation optics for multimode waveguide bends. Nat. Commun. 3(1). 1217.
- Sheehan, R.N., Horne, S. and Peters F.H. (2008). The design of low-loss curved waveguides. Optical and Quantum Electronics. 40(14):1211-1218.
- Jiang, X.,Wu, H. and Dai, D. (2018). Low-loss and low-crosstalk multimode waveguide bend on silicon. Optics Express 17680. Vol. 26. No. 13. Cameron, A.A. (2012). Optical waveguide technology and its application in head-mounted displays. Head and Helmet-Mounted Displays XVII; and Display Technologies and Applications for Defense, Security, and Avionics VI. 83830E https://doi.org/10.1117/12.923660.
- Heck, M., Bauters, J., Davenport, M., Spencer, D. and Bowers, J. (2014). Ultra-low loss waveguide platform and its integration with silicon photonics. Laser Photonics Rev. vol. 8. no. 5. pp. 667–686.
- Ünal, E. (1994). Evaluation of the attenuation constant for curved cylindrical hollow dielectric or metallic waveguide, A Ph. D. Thesis. Electrical and Electronics Engineering. University of Gaziantep.
- Miyagi, M., Harada, K. and Kawakami, S. (1984). Wave propagation and attenuation in the general class of circular hollow waveguides with uniform curvature. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. vol.MTT-32. pp.513-521.
- Marcatili, E.A.J. and Schmeltzer, R.A. (1964). Hollow metallic and dielectric waveguides for long distance optical transmission and lasers Bell Syst. Tech.J. vol.43. pp.1783-1809.
- Marhic, M.E. (1981). Mode-coupling analysis of bending losses in IR metallic waveguides. Appl. Opt. vol 20. pp.3436-3441.
- Miyagi, M. (1985). Complex propagation constant of bent hollow waveguise with arbitrary cross section. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. vol. MTT-33. pp.15-19.
- Bohn, E.V. (1968). Introduction to electromagnetic fields and waves. Addison-Wesley.
- Unger, H.G. (1957). Circular electric wave transmission in dielectric coated waveguide. Bell Syst.Tech.J. vol.36. pp.1253-1278.
Abstract
Waveguides, one of the most effective ways to carry electromagnetic energy, have application areas such as microwave communication systems, internet networks, radars, space exploration, optics and aviation. Sudden changes in the size or shape of the waveguides, such as bends and twists, can cause reflections and overall loss of efficiency. When such a change is required, the bends and twists of the waveguides must provide certain conditions to prevent reflections. This paper describes a new method to evaluate the attenuation constant for a circular dielectric or metallic waveguide having uniform curvature. When the radius of curvature “Ro” is large compared to the radius “a” of the waveguide (i.e. R_o>>a), field components can be obtained directly using toroidal coordinate system for the curved section of the waveguide instead of obtaining from those obtained for straight waveguide using perturbation techniques. Results obtained show excellent agreement with those given in the literature.
Keywords
References
- Tu. X., Li, M., Jiang, J., Goodwill ,D., Dumais, P., Bernier, E., Fu, H. and Geng, D. (2016). Compact low-loss adiabatic bends in silicon shallow etched waveguides. in Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Group IV Photonics, pp. 48–49
- Wu, X., Zhou,W. , Huang D., Zhang Z.,Wang Y., Bowers J. and Tsang , H. K. (2018). Low Crosstalk Bent Multimode Waveguide for On-chip Mode-Division Multiplexing Interconnects. in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Terchnical Digest (online). paper JW2A.66.
- Sun, C., Yu, Y., Chen, G. and Zhang, X. (2017). Ultra-compact bent multimode silicon waveguide with ultralow inter-mode crosstalk. Opt. Lett. 42(15). 3004–3007.
- Xu,H. and Shi,Y. (2018). Ultra sharp multimode waveguide bending assisted with metamaterial based mode converters. Laser Photonics Rev. 12(3). 1700240.
- Gabrielli,L.H., Liu, D., Johnson, S. G. and Lipson, M. (2012). On-chip transformation optics for multimode waveguide bends. Nat. Commun. 3(1). 1217.
- Sheehan, R.N., Horne, S. and Peters F.H. (2008). The design of low-loss curved waveguides. Optical and Quantum Electronics. 40(14):1211-1218.
- Jiang, X.,Wu, H. and Dai, D. (2018). Low-loss and low-crosstalk multimode waveguide bend on silicon. Optics Express 17680. Vol. 26. No. 13. Cameron, A.A. (2012). Optical waveguide technology and its application in head-mounted displays. Head and Helmet-Mounted Displays XVII; and Display Technologies and Applications for Defense, Security, and Avionics VI. 83830E https://doi.org/10.1117/12.923660.
- Heck, M., Bauters, J., Davenport, M., Spencer, D. and Bowers, J. (2014). Ultra-low loss waveguide platform and its integration with silicon photonics. Laser Photonics Rev. vol. 8. no. 5. pp. 667–686.
- Ünal, E. (1994). Evaluation of the attenuation constant for curved cylindrical hollow dielectric or metallic waveguide, A Ph. D. Thesis. Electrical and Electronics Engineering. University of Gaziantep.
- Miyagi, M., Harada, K. and Kawakami, S. (1984). Wave propagation and attenuation in the general class of circular hollow waveguides with uniform curvature. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. vol.MTT-32. pp.513-521.
- Marcatili, E.A.J. and Schmeltzer, R.A. (1964). Hollow metallic and dielectric waveguides for long distance optical transmission and lasers Bell Syst. Tech.J. vol.43. pp.1783-1809.
- Marhic, M.E. (1981). Mode-coupling analysis of bending losses in IR metallic waveguides. Appl. Opt. vol 20. pp.3436-3441.
- Miyagi, M. (1985). Complex propagation constant of bent hollow waveguise with arbitrary cross section. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. vol. MTT-33. pp.15-19.
- Bohn, E.V. (1968). Introduction to electromagnetic fields and waves. Addison-Wesley.
- Unger, H.G. (1957). Circular electric wave transmission in dielectric coated waveguide. Bell Syst.Tech.J. vol.36. pp.1253-1278.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Aerospace Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | February 28, 2020 |
| Acceptance Date | February 28, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2020 Volume: 2 Issue: 1 |
