Research Article
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THE EFFECTS of DIFFERENT HEAT TREATMENT and COATING TECHNIQUES on X120CrMo29-2 MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL

Year 2022, Issue: 049, 62 - 73, 30.06.2022

Abstract

This research article investigated the effects of various heat treatment and coating processes on the tribological performance of X120CrMo29-2 martensitic stainless steel materials. The effects of deep cryogenic treatment, plasma nitriding, and high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying methods on microstructural, mechanical, and tribological properties were investigated. The as-quenched condition was taken as the reference group. In the experimental studies, it was observed that the wear resistance of the deep cryogenic heat treated and coated samples were improved 1,2-6,7 times in comparison to the reference group. In terms of microstructure and mechanical properties, more homogeneous general structural hardness was obtained in the deep cryogenically treated samples, while high surface hardness values (980 HV100gf,10 sec) were found in coated samples. In terms of tribological properties, it was observed that the wear resistance of the coated samples was higher than the deep cryogenically treated samples. It is seen that nitride coatings have superior tribological properties to the HVOF sprayed sample. The lowest coefficient of friction (COF) and highest wear resistance was observed in plasma nitrided samples.

Supporting Institution

ATAP A.Ş. ve İGSAŞ

Project Number

69592

Thanks

This study was carried out with the project permission of ATAP A.Ş. and the R&D division of the İGSAŞ company with code 69592. The authors are thankful for the great support of Er&Mir Makine Ltd., which provided the plasma nitriding process.

References

  • [1] Lee, I., (2019), Combination of plasma nitriding and nitrocarburizing treatments of AISI 630 martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 376: p. 8-14.
  • [2] Lyu, Z., Yutaka, S., Shun, T., Yue, Z., Jinlong, J., Aiping, W., (2021), Microstructural distribution and anisotropic tensile behavior in a 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel thin wall fabricated by wire arc additive manufacturing. Materials Today Communications, 29.
  • [3] Baghjari, S.H., Akbari, S., (2013), Effects of pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding parameters and subsequent post-weld heat treatment on microstructure and hardness of AISI 420 stainless steel. Materials & Design, 43: p. 1-9.
  • [4] Alonso, F., Arizaga, A., Garcia, J., Oñate, I., (1994),Tribological effects of yttrium and nitrogen ion implantation on a precipitation hardening stainless steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 66(1-3): p. 291-295.
  • [5] Tesi, B., Bacci, T., Poli, G., (1985), analysis of surface structures and of size and shape variations in ionitrided precipitation hardening stainless steel samples. Vacuum, 35(8): p. 307-314.
  • [6] Leyland, A., Lewis, D., Stevensom, P., Matthews, A., (1993), Low temperature plasma diffusion treatment of stainless steels for improved wear resistance. Surface and Coatings Technology, 62(1-3): p. 608-617.
  • [7] Sert, A., (2020), AISI M2 Takım Çeliğinin Mikroyapısı ve Mekanik Davranışları Üzerine Derin Kriyojenik Isıl İşlemin ve Temperlemenin Etkisi. Deu Muhendislik Fakultesi Fen ve Muhendislik Dergisi, 22(66): p. 801-811.
  • [8] Kara, F., Özbek, O., Özbek, N., Uygur, İ., (2021), Investigation of the Effect of Deep Cryogenic Process on Residual Stress and Residual Austenite. Gazi Journal of Engineering Sciences, 7(2): p. 143-151.
  • [9] Mann, B., Arya, V., (2003), HVOF coating and surface treatment for enhancing droplet erosion resistance of steam turbine blades. Wear, 254(7-8): p. 652-667.
  • [10] Mann, S., Arya, V., Joshi, P., (2005), Advanced High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel Coating and Candidate Materials for Protecting LP Steam Turbine Blades Against Droplet Erosion. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 14(4): p. 487-494.
  • [11] Moskowitz, L., Trelewicz, K., (1997), HVOF coatings for heavy-wear, high-impact applications. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 6(3): p. 294-299.
  • [12] Buytoz, S., Ulutan, M., Islak, S., Kurt B., Çelik, O.N., (2013), Microstructural and Wear Characteristics of High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) Sprayed NiCrBSi–SiC Composite Coating on SAE 1030 Steel. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 38(6): p. 1481-1491.
  • [13] Ozkavak, H.V., Sahin, S., Sarac, M.F., Alkan, Z., (2020), Wear properties of WC–Co and WC–CoCr coatings applied by HVOF technique on different steel substrates. Materials Testing, 62(12): p. 1235-1242.
  • [14] Cheng, Z., Li, C., Dong, H., Bell, T., (2005), Low temperature plasma nitrocarburising of AISI 316 austenitic stainless steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 191(2-3): p. 195-200.
  • [15] Reddy, C.A.K., Srinivasan, T., Venkatesh, B., (2021), Srinivasan, and B. Venkatesh, Effect of plasma nitriding on M50 NiL steel – A review. Materials Today: Proceedings.
  • [16] Zhang, Z.L., Bell, T., (2013), Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Plasma Nitrided Stainless Steel. Surface Engineering, 1(2): p. 131-136.
  • [17] Menthe, E., Rie, K.T., Schultze, S.C., Simson, S., (1995), structure and properties of plasma-nitrided stainless steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 74-75: p. 412-416.
  • [18] Bell, T., Sun, Y., Suhadi, A., (2000), Environmental and technical aspects of plasma nitrocarburising. Vacuum, 59(1): p. 14-23.
  • [19] Lei, M.K., Ou, Y.X., Wang, K.S., Chen, L., (2011), Wear and corrosion properties of plasma-based low-energy nitrogen ion implanted titanium. Surface and Coatings Technology, 205(19): p. 4602-4607.
  • [20] Haruman, E., Sun, Y., Adenan, M.S., (2020), A comparative study of the tribocorrosion behaviour of low temperature nitrided austenitic and duplex stainless steels in NaCl solution. Tribology International, 151.
  • [21] Yangyang, L., Dong, L., Heng, M., Xiliang, L., Meihong, W., Jing, H., (2021), Enhanced plasma nitriding efficiency and properties by severe plastic deformation pretreatment for 316L austenitic stainless steel. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 15: p. 1742-1746.
  • [22] Naofumi, O., Koyo, M., Mitsuhiro, H., Kenji, K., (2021), Investigation of admixed gas effect on plasma nitriding of AISI316L austenitic stainless steel. Vacuum, 193.
  • [23] Hariharan, K.B., Savaranan, S., Parkunam, N., (2020), Life time improvement of D7 tool steel by cryogenic treatment. Materials Today: Proceedings, 21, p. 619-621.
Year 2022, Issue: 049, 62 - 73, 30.06.2022

Abstract

Project Number

69592

References

  • [1] Lee, I., (2019), Combination of plasma nitriding and nitrocarburizing treatments of AISI 630 martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 376: p. 8-14.
  • [2] Lyu, Z., Yutaka, S., Shun, T., Yue, Z., Jinlong, J., Aiping, W., (2021), Microstructural distribution and anisotropic tensile behavior in a 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel thin wall fabricated by wire arc additive manufacturing. Materials Today Communications, 29.
  • [3] Baghjari, S.H., Akbari, S., (2013), Effects of pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding parameters and subsequent post-weld heat treatment on microstructure and hardness of AISI 420 stainless steel. Materials & Design, 43: p. 1-9.
  • [4] Alonso, F., Arizaga, A., Garcia, J., Oñate, I., (1994),Tribological effects of yttrium and nitrogen ion implantation on a precipitation hardening stainless steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 66(1-3): p. 291-295.
  • [5] Tesi, B., Bacci, T., Poli, G., (1985), analysis of surface structures and of size and shape variations in ionitrided precipitation hardening stainless steel samples. Vacuum, 35(8): p. 307-314.
  • [6] Leyland, A., Lewis, D., Stevensom, P., Matthews, A., (1993), Low temperature plasma diffusion treatment of stainless steels for improved wear resistance. Surface and Coatings Technology, 62(1-3): p. 608-617.
  • [7] Sert, A., (2020), AISI M2 Takım Çeliğinin Mikroyapısı ve Mekanik Davranışları Üzerine Derin Kriyojenik Isıl İşlemin ve Temperlemenin Etkisi. Deu Muhendislik Fakultesi Fen ve Muhendislik Dergisi, 22(66): p. 801-811.
  • [8] Kara, F., Özbek, O., Özbek, N., Uygur, İ., (2021), Investigation of the Effect of Deep Cryogenic Process on Residual Stress and Residual Austenite. Gazi Journal of Engineering Sciences, 7(2): p. 143-151.
  • [9] Mann, B., Arya, V., (2003), HVOF coating and surface treatment for enhancing droplet erosion resistance of steam turbine blades. Wear, 254(7-8): p. 652-667.
  • [10] Mann, S., Arya, V., Joshi, P., (2005), Advanced High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel Coating and Candidate Materials for Protecting LP Steam Turbine Blades Against Droplet Erosion. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 14(4): p. 487-494.
  • [11] Moskowitz, L., Trelewicz, K., (1997), HVOF coatings for heavy-wear, high-impact applications. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 6(3): p. 294-299.
  • [12] Buytoz, S., Ulutan, M., Islak, S., Kurt B., Çelik, O.N., (2013), Microstructural and Wear Characteristics of High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) Sprayed NiCrBSi–SiC Composite Coating on SAE 1030 Steel. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 38(6): p. 1481-1491.
  • [13] Ozkavak, H.V., Sahin, S., Sarac, M.F., Alkan, Z., (2020), Wear properties of WC–Co and WC–CoCr coatings applied by HVOF technique on different steel substrates. Materials Testing, 62(12): p. 1235-1242.
  • [14] Cheng, Z., Li, C., Dong, H., Bell, T., (2005), Low temperature plasma nitrocarburising of AISI 316 austenitic stainless steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 191(2-3): p. 195-200.
  • [15] Reddy, C.A.K., Srinivasan, T., Venkatesh, B., (2021), Srinivasan, and B. Venkatesh, Effect of plasma nitriding on M50 NiL steel – A review. Materials Today: Proceedings.
  • [16] Zhang, Z.L., Bell, T., (2013), Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Plasma Nitrided Stainless Steel. Surface Engineering, 1(2): p. 131-136.
  • [17] Menthe, E., Rie, K.T., Schultze, S.C., Simson, S., (1995), structure and properties of plasma-nitrided stainless steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 74-75: p. 412-416.
  • [18] Bell, T., Sun, Y., Suhadi, A., (2000), Environmental and technical aspects of plasma nitrocarburising. Vacuum, 59(1): p. 14-23.
  • [19] Lei, M.K., Ou, Y.X., Wang, K.S., Chen, L., (2011), Wear and corrosion properties of plasma-based low-energy nitrogen ion implanted titanium. Surface and Coatings Technology, 205(19): p. 4602-4607.
  • [20] Haruman, E., Sun, Y., Adenan, M.S., (2020), A comparative study of the tribocorrosion behaviour of low temperature nitrided austenitic and duplex stainless steels in NaCl solution. Tribology International, 151.
  • [21] Yangyang, L., Dong, L., Heng, M., Xiliang, L., Meihong, W., Jing, H., (2021), Enhanced plasma nitriding efficiency and properties by severe plastic deformation pretreatment for 316L austenitic stainless steel. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 15: p. 1742-1746.
  • [22] Naofumi, O., Koyo, M., Mitsuhiro, H., Kenji, K., (2021), Investigation of admixed gas effect on plasma nitriding of AISI316L austenitic stainless steel. Vacuum, 193.
  • [23] Hariharan, K.B., Savaranan, S., Parkunam, N., (2020), Life time improvement of D7 tool steel by cryogenic treatment. Materials Today: Proceedings, 21, p. 619-621.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Esad Kaya 0000-0002-7332-6154

Mustafa Ulutan 0000-0003-1821-6486

Ahmet Akbulut 0000-0001-7522-5341

Project Number 69592
Publication Date June 30, 2022
Submission Date February 24, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 049

Cite

IEEE E. Kaya, M. Ulutan, and A. Akbulut, “THE EFFECTS of DIFFERENT HEAT TREATMENT and COATING TECHNIQUES on X120CrMo29-2 MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL”, JSR-A, no. 049, pp. 62–73, June 2022.