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AN ECONOMIC AND TECHNICAL REVIEW FOR THE UTILIZATION OF HVDC IN TURKEY AND IN THE WORLD

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 809 - 835, 01.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.907309

Abstract

In recent years, it is seen that High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission line systems have come to the fore in the field of energy efficiency in the world. Therefore, it is predicted that analyzing the technological and economic advantages of HVDC transmission line systems will make an important contribution to energy efficiency policies. In this regard, this study aims to examine the technological and economic advantages of HVDC transmission systems through the historical development with applications in Turkey and in the world. In addition to this, it is expected that the evaluation of the effects of energy efficiency on the economy will bring a different perspective to the energy and economic literature. Therefore, it is thought that energy and economic policies for the spread of HVDC transmission line systems worldwide will be essential. The asymmetric distribution of natural energy sources in the world causes energy supply security problems in the countries such as Turkey in terms of high foreign dependence on energy. For this reason, it is necessary to meet the increasing energy demand and increase the existing capacity day by day. Besides, it is important to develop policies for efficient use of energy.
HVDC technology is extremely important for a developing country like Turkey. Moreover, it is known that this energy transmission technology has become widespread in developed countries. Thereby, a technical comparison is done for investment costs of the transmission system in Germany. As a result, other than bringing economic benefits with the energy transmission of Turkey through HVDC, it has important potential for making energy transmission possible with her neighbors and European Union countries.

References

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Yüksek Gerilim Doğru Akım (YGDA) İletim Hatlarının Türkiye ve Dünyada Kullanımına İlişkin Ekonomik ve Teknik Bir İnceleme

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 809 - 835, 01.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.907309

Abstract

Son yıllarda dünyada enerji verimliliği alanında Yüksek Gerilim Doğru Akım (YGDA) iletim hattı sistemlerinin ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir. Bu nedenle, YGDA iletim hattı sistemlerinin teknolojik ve ekonomik üstünlüklerinin analiz edilmesinin enerji verimliliği politikalarına önemli bir katkı sağlayacağı öngörülmektedir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma, YGDA iletim hattı sistemlerinin, Türkiye’de ve dünyada tarihsel gelişimi ile uygulama örnekleri üzerinden teknolojik ve ekonomik avantajlarının incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Buna ek olarak, çalışmada enerji verimliliğinin ekonomi üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesinin, enerji ve ekonomi literatürüne farklı bir bakış açısı getireceği beklenmektedir.
Böylece, YGDA iletim hattı sistemlerinin dünya genelinde yaygınlaşmasına yönelik enerji ve ekonomi politikalarının önem kazanacağı düşünülmektedir. Dünyada doğal enerji kaynaklarının asimetrik dağılımı, Türkiye gibi enerjide dışa bağımlılığı yüksek olan ülkeler açısından enerji arz güvenliği sorununa neden olmaktadır. Bu sebeple her geçen gün artan enerji talebinin karşılanması ve mevcut kapasitenin artırılması gerekmektedir. Ayrıca, enerjinin verimli kullanılmasına yönelik politikaların geliştirilmesi de önem taşımaktadır. YGDA teknolojisi Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olan bir ülke için son derece önemlidir. Ayrıca gelişmiş ülkelerde bu enerji iletim teknolojisinin yaygınlaştığı bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle, Almanya’daki bir iletim sisteminin yatırım maliyetleri için teknik bir karşılaştırma yapılmıştır.
Sonuç olarak, Türkiye’nin enerji iletimini YGDA ile sağlaması ekonomik getirilerinin yanı sıra, komşu ve Avrupa Birliği ülkeleriyle enerji iletimini mümkün kılması açısından ekonomik bir potansiyel de taşımaktadır.

References

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  • Ackerman, T., 2005, Wind Power in Power System, 2nd Ed. UK, John Wiley & Sons.
  • Ai, P., Tin, T., 2014, “Design Implementation of 250kV HVDC Overhead Transmission System”, International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research, Vol.3, No.15, pp. 3223- 3227.
  • Akbal, B., 2017, “Forecasting Applications of the Sheath Current of High Voltage Cable with Artificial Neural Network Based Hybrid Methods”, Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.23, No.2, pp. 119-125.
  • Alassi, A., Banales ,S., Ellabban, O., Adam, G., Maclver, C., 2019, "HVDC Transmission: Technology Review, Market Trends and Future Outlook", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 112, pp. 530-554.
  • Almgren, B., Urban, A., Dong, W.,"A Survey of the Flashover Performance of HVDC Converter Station Insulators", IEEE 1998 International Conference on Power System Technology, Beijing, China, 516-519, 18-21 Auqust 1998.
  • Azimoh, L.,C., 2010, Investigation Into Voltage and Angle Stability of A Hybrid HVAC-HVDC Power Network, Master Thesis, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Bahrman, MP., “Overview of HVDC Transmission”, 2006 IEEE PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition, Atlanta, USA, 29 Oct-1 Nov 2006.
  • Bancal, S., 2015, Basic Design of An HVDC Interconnection in Brazil, Master Thesis, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Barthold, L.,O., “Technical and Economic Aspects of Tripole HVDC”, 2006 International Conference on Power System Technology, Chongqing, China, 22-26 October 2006.
  • Beerten, J., Gomis-Bellmunt, O., Guillaud, X., Rimez, J., Van Der Meer, A., Van Hertem, D., “Modeling and Control of HVDC grids: A Key Challenge for the Future Power System”, IEEE 2014 Power Systems Computation Conference, Wroclow, Poland, 18-22 Auqust 2014.
  • Bergelin, P., Jeroense, M., Quist, T., Rapp, H., 2017, “640 kV Extruded HVDC Cable System”. Technical Report, NKT Group GmbH.
  • Bertling, L., Pramod, B., "On the Use of Reliability Test Systems: A Literature Survey", 2011 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, Michigan, USA, 1-9, 24-28 July 2011.
  • Brask, M., 2008, Modelling of The Power System of Gotland Inpss/E With Focus on HVDC Light, Master Thesis, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Brenna M, Foiadelli F, Longo M. “Fault Detection HVDC Systems Applied to Renewable Sources”. 17th International Conference on Electronic. Belo Horizonte, Brazil, 16-19 Oct 2016.
  • Burger, N., Tuson, P., 2005, “Loadflow Modelling of a 400 km 2000 MW HVDC Link", Energize, pp. 28-34. Cao, J., Cai JY., “HVDC in China”, EPRI 2013 HVDC&FACTS Conference, Palo Alto, CA, USA, 28-29 August 2013.
  • Chen, G., Hao, M., Xu, Z., Vaughan, A., Cao, J., Wang, H., 2015, “Review of High Voltage Direct Current Cables”, CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, Vol.1, No.2, pp. 9-21.
  • Cotts, BR., Prigmore, II. JR., Graf, KL., 2017, “HVDC Transmission for Renewable Energy Integration”, in The Power Grid, Academic Press, 171-196.
  • EEP, 2014, Electrical Engineering Portal, https://electrical-engineering-portal.com/analysing-the-costs-of- high-voltage-direct-current-hvdc-transmission, Access Date: 15.03.2020.
  • Elliott, D., Bell, KR., Finney, S., J., Adapa, R., Brozio, C., Yu, J., Hussain, K., 2015, “A Comparison of AC and HVDC Options for the Connection of Offshore Wind Generation in Great Britain”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol.31, No.2, pp. 798-809.
  • El-Saady, G., Ibrahim, EA., Okilly, A., H., "Analysis and Control of HVDC Transmission Power System", 2016 Eighteenth International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON). Cairo, Egypt, 27-29 December 2016.
  • Eltamaly, AM., Sayed, Y., Elghaffar, ANA., 2017, "A Survey: HVDC System Operation and Fault Analysis", Annals of the Faculty of Engineering Hunedoara-International Journal of Engineering, Vol. 15, No.4, pp. 25-30.
  • Figueroa-Acevedo, AL., Czahor, M., Jahn, DE., 2015, “A Comparison of the Technological, Economic, Public Policy, and Environmental Factors of HVDC and HVAC Interregional Transmission”, AIMS Energy, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 1-18.
  • Francos, PL., Verdugo, SS., Álvarez, HF., Guyomarch, S., Loncle, J., “INELFE — Europe's First Integrated Onshore HVDC Interconnection”, 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, San Diego, California, 23-26 July 2012.
  • Gamit, P., Shah, N., Wani ,U., Patel, P., Mali, U., Chaudhari, A., 2015, "Comparative Analysis of HVDC and EHVAC", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Vol. 2, No. 9, pp. 1165-1171.
  • Giraneza, M., 2013, High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) in Applications for Distributed Independent Power Providers (IPP), Master Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Gu, X., He, S., Xu, Y., Yan, Y., Hou, S., Fu, M., 2018, “Partial Discharge Detection on 320 kV VSCHVDC XLPE Cable with Artificial Defects Under DC Voltage”, IEEE Trans Dielectr Electr Insul, Vol.25, No. 3, pp. 939–946.
  • Haugland, P., 2008, “It’s Time to Connect: Technical Description of HVDC Light® Technology”, ABB Techincal Report, Ludvika, Sweden.
  • Hausler, M., “Multiterminal HVDC for High Power Transmission in Europe”, CEPEX99 Conference, Poznan, Poland, March 1999.
  • Hur, D., 2012, “Economic Considerations Underlying the Adoption of HVDC and HVAC for the Connection of an Offshore Wind Farm in Korea”, Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, Vol.7, No.2, pp. 157-162.
  • IEEE, 2006, DC and Flexible AC Transmission Subcommittee of the IEEE Transmission and Distribution Committee by the Working Group on HVDC and FACTS Bibliography and Records, http://www.ece.uidaho.edu/hvdcfacts/Projects/HVDCProjectsListingDec2006.pdf Access Date: 15.04.2020.
  • Kalair, A., Abas, N., Khan, N., 2016, “Comparative Study of HVAC and HVDC Transmission Systems”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.59, pp. 1653-1675.
  • Kamalapur, GD., Sheelavant, VR., Pujar, A., Baksi, S., Patil, A., 2014, "HVDC Transmission in India", IEEE Potentials, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 22-27.
  • Kharade, JM., Savagave, DNG., 2017, "A Review of HVDC Converter Topologies", International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology , Vol. 6, No.2, pp. 1822-1830.
  • Kotb, O., 2018, On Stability Enhancement in AC/DC Power Systems through Multi-Terminal HVDC Controllers, Doctoral Thesis, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Kumru, CF., Arıkan, O., 2020, “Investigation of Line Displacement in Terms of Electrical Field Distribution and Safe Right of Way Distance in Energy Transmission Systems”, Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.26, No.2, pp. 279-285.
  • Kundur, P., 1994, Power System Stability and Control, McGraw-Hill.
  • L'Abbate, A., Careri, F., Calisti, R., Rossi, S., Fulli, G., “Long-term HVDC Developments in the European Power System: The Baltic Case in GridTech Analysis”, 2015 IEEE 5th International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives (POWERENG), Riga, Latvia, 11-13 May 2015.
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There are 76 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Review Article
Authors

Hakan Acaroğlu 0000-0001-6757-2140

Atabak Najafı 0000-0003-0319-7032

Ömer Kara 0000-0001-7697-0319

Burcu Yürük 0000-0001-6922-6161

Publication Date September 1, 2021
Submission Date March 31, 2021
Acceptance Date June 15, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

IEEE H. Acaroğlu, A. Najafı, Ö. Kara, and B. Yürük, “AN ECONOMIC AND TECHNICAL REVIEW FOR THE UTILIZATION OF HVDC IN TURKEY AND IN THE WORLD”, KONJES, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 809–835, 2021, doi: 10.36306/konjes.907309.