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REVIEW OF VIOLENCE BEHAVIOR IN HUMANS FROM THE EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 34, 779 - 791, 10.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.12981/mahder.867463

Abstract

Evolutionary psychology is the field of a psychology that explains human behaviors of surviving and adaptation skills. Evolutionary psychology is the field of psychology that helps to explain humans’ skills of survival and adaptation. When we explain aggression by evolutionary psychology perspective, aggressive behavior seems to be the crucial part of survival and adaptation. In addition to that, aggressive behavior is diverted within time with culture and it passed beyond being a survival mechanism. Topics like violence in men and women, collective violence, suicide, homicide and rape are important to be discussed and explained by evolutionary psychology perspective to understand its dynamics. An evolutionary view of the phenomenon of violence may emerge explanations for the primitive ages of violence. Today, although it is not possible to explain violence solely with this point of view, sociological, biological and psychological explanations should not be ignored at all.

References

  • Aubin, H. J. - Berlin, I. - Kornreich, C. (2013). The evolutionary puzzle of suicide. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10(12), 6873-6886.
  • Bowles, S. (2008). Conflict: Altruism's Midwife. Nature, 456, 326-327.
  • Buss, D. M. - Gomes, M. - Higgins, D. S. - Lauterbach, K. (1987). Tactics of manipulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(6), 1219-1229.
  • Buss, D. M. - Duntley, J. D. (2005). The plausibility of adaptations for homicide. The Innate Mind: Structure And Contents, ABD: Oxford University Press.
  • Buss, D. M. - Duntley, J. D. (2011). The evolution of intimate partner violence. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 16(5), 411-419.
  • Buss, D. (2018). The evolution of love in humans. The New Psychology of Love, (Eds.: R. Sternberg ve K. Sternberg), 42-63, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bufill E. - Blesa R. – Augustí, J. (2013). Alzheimer's disease: an evolutionary approach. Journal of Anthropolgy Sciences, 91, 135-157.
  • Bouchard Jr, T. (2014). Genes, evolution and intelligence. Behavior Genetics, 44. 10.1007/s10519-014-9646-x. Choi, J. K. - Bowles, S. (2007). The coevolution of parochial altruism and war. Science, 318, 636-640. Cosmides, L. - Tooby, J. (2000). Evolutionary psychology and the emotions. Handbook Of Emotions, (Eds.: M. Lewis - J. M. Haviland-Jones), 2nd ed., 91-115, New York: Guilford Press.
  • Crawford, C. B. - Anderson, J. (1989). Sociobiology: An environmentalist discipline?. American Psychologist, 44, 1449-1459.
  • Davis, J. A. - Gallup, G. G. Jr. (2006). Preeclampsia and other pregnancy complications as an adaptive response to unfamiliar semen. Female Infidelity And Paternal Uncertainty, New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • De Catanzaro, D. (1991). Evolutionary limits to selfpreservation. Ethology And Sociobiology, 12, 13-28.
  • De Catanzaro, D. (1995). Reproductive status, family interactions, and suicidal ideation: Surveys of the general public and high-risk group. Ethology And Sociobiology, 16, 385-394.
  • Diamond, J. (1997) Why sex is fun: The evolution of human sexuality. ABD: W&N.
  • Duntley, J. D. (2005). Adaptations to dangers from other humans. The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, New York: Wiley.
  • Durrant, R. (2011). Collective violence: An evolutionary perspective. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 16, 428- 436.
  • Feingold, A. (1992). Gender differences in mate selection preferences: a test of the parental investment model. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 125-39.
  • Gat, A. (2006). War in human civilization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Ghiglieri, M. P. (2000). The dark Sside of man. New York: Perseus Books.
  • Goetz, A. T. (2010). The evolutionary psychology of violence. Psicothema, 22 (1), 15-21. Goodall, J. (1986). The chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of behavior. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press: Cambridge, Massachusetts.
  • Gottschall, J. A. - Gottschall, T. A. (2003). Are per-incident rape-pregnancy rates higher than per-incident consensual pregnancy rates?. Human Nature, 14, 1-20.
  • Hanna, C. (1997). Can a biological inquiry help reduce male violence against females? Or what's a nice "Gal" like me doing at a conference like this. ??? 333, 340-341
  • Kadının Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü (2019). Türkiye’de kadın, 1-78, Ankara: Aile, Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı.
  • Kelly, R. C. (2000). Warless societies and the origin of war. Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan, Michigan Press.
  • Littman, R. - Paluck, E. L. (2015). The cycle of violence: Understanding individual participation in collective violence. Advances in Political Psychology, Vol. 36, Suppl. 1.
  • Marlborough, C. (2003). Evolution, child abuse, and the constitution. Journal of Law and Policy, 687.
  • Moreno, J. (2010). Reproductive success. Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, 64-69.
  • Polat, O. (2017). Şiddet. Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi, 22 (1),15-34.
  • Sidanius, J. - Pratto, F. (1999). Social dominance: An intergroup theory of social hierarchy and oppression. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Smith, D. L. (2007). The most dangerous animal: Human nature and the origins of war. New York, Ny: St. Martin's Press.
  • Smuts, B. B. (1992). Male aggression against women. Human Nature, 6, 1-32.
  • Thornhill, R. - Palmer, C. P. (2000). A natural history of rape. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Thornhill, R. - Thornhill, N. (1992). The evolutionary psychology of men’s coercive sexuality. Behavioral And Brain Sciences, 15, 363-375.
  • Tooby, J. - Cosmides, L. (1992). The psychological foundations of culture. The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology And The Generation Of Culture, (Eds.: J. H. Barkow, L. Cosmides, J. Tooby),19-136, New York: Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Trivers, R. L. (1972). Parental investment and sexual selection. Sexual Selection And The Descent Of Man, (Ed.: B. Campbell), 136-179, Chicago, IL: Aldine
  • Van Der Dennen, J. M. G. (2002). (Evolutionary) Theories of warfare in preindustrial (foraging) societies. Neuroendocrinology Letters, 55-65.
  • Van Vught, M. (2009). Sex differences in intergroup competition, aggression, and warfare: The male warrior hypothesis. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Science, 1167, 124-134.
  • Ward, T. - Siegert, R. (2002). Rape and evolutionary psychology: A critique of Thornhill and Palmer’s theory. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 7(2), 145-168.
  • Watson, P. J. - Andrews, P. W. (2002) Toward a revised evolutionary adaptationist analysis of depression: The social navigation hypothesis. The Journal of Affect. Disorders, 72, 1-14.
  • Wilson, M. - Daly, M. (1984). Competitiveness, risk-taking, and violence: The young male syndrome. Ethology And Sociobiology, 61.
  • Wilson, M. J. W. (2005). Evolutionary perspective on male violance: Practical and policy implications. American Journal of Criminal Law, 291-323.
  • Wilson, M. - Daly, M. (1999). The Truth About Cinderella.
  • Wilson, M. - Mesnick, S. L. (1997). An empirical test of the bodyguard hypothesis, feminism and evolutionary biology. New York: Chapman ve Hall.
  • Wrangham, R. (1999). Evolution of coalitionary killing. Yearbook Of Physical Anthropology.
  • Zwi, A. B. - Garfield, R. - Loretti, A. (2002). Collective violence. Geneva: World Health Organization.

TOPLUMDA GÖRÜLEN ŞİDDET DAVRANIŞINA EVRİMSEL YAKLAŞIM

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 34, 779 - 791, 10.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.12981/mahder.867463

Abstract

Evrimsel psikoloji; hayatta kalma, ortama uyum sağlama ve tüm psikolojik olguları anlamaya yönelik temel bir çatı oluşturan bir bilim dalı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Şiddet davranışı evrimsel psikolojik bakış açısıyla açıklandığında, insanların hayatta kalma ve ortama uyum sağlamalarında rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra, şiddet davranışı zaman içerisinde kültürün etkisiyle farklılaşmış ve hayatta kalma mekanizması olmanın dışına çıkmaya başlamıştır. Erkeklerde ve kadınlarda şiddet davranışı, toplu şiddet, öz kıyım, cinayet, tecavüz gibi şiddet davranışlarının evrimsel psikoloji çerçevesinde tartışılması ve açıklanması şiddet davranışı kabul edilebilir kılmamakla birlikte, bu davranışlara ait dinamiklerin daha iyi anlaşılması açısından önem taşımaktadır. Şiddet olgusunun evrimsel bakış açısından ele alınması, şiddetin ilkel nedenlerine dair açıklamalar sunmaktadır. Günümüzde şiddeti sadece bu bakış açısıyla açıklamak mümkün olmamakla birlikte sosyolojik, biyolojik ve psikolojik açıklamalar da göz ardı edilmemelidir.

References

  • Aubin, H. J. - Berlin, I. - Kornreich, C. (2013). The evolutionary puzzle of suicide. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10(12), 6873-6886.
  • Bowles, S. (2008). Conflict: Altruism's Midwife. Nature, 456, 326-327.
  • Buss, D. M. - Gomes, M. - Higgins, D. S. - Lauterbach, K. (1987). Tactics of manipulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(6), 1219-1229.
  • Buss, D. M. - Duntley, J. D. (2005). The plausibility of adaptations for homicide. The Innate Mind: Structure And Contents, ABD: Oxford University Press.
  • Buss, D. M. - Duntley, J. D. (2011). The evolution of intimate partner violence. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 16(5), 411-419.
  • Buss, D. (2018). The evolution of love in humans. The New Psychology of Love, (Eds.: R. Sternberg ve K. Sternberg), 42-63, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bufill E. - Blesa R. – Augustí, J. (2013). Alzheimer's disease: an evolutionary approach. Journal of Anthropolgy Sciences, 91, 135-157.
  • Bouchard Jr, T. (2014). Genes, evolution and intelligence. Behavior Genetics, 44. 10.1007/s10519-014-9646-x. Choi, J. K. - Bowles, S. (2007). The coevolution of parochial altruism and war. Science, 318, 636-640. Cosmides, L. - Tooby, J. (2000). Evolutionary psychology and the emotions. Handbook Of Emotions, (Eds.: M. Lewis - J. M. Haviland-Jones), 2nd ed., 91-115, New York: Guilford Press.
  • Crawford, C. B. - Anderson, J. (1989). Sociobiology: An environmentalist discipline?. American Psychologist, 44, 1449-1459.
  • Davis, J. A. - Gallup, G. G. Jr. (2006). Preeclampsia and other pregnancy complications as an adaptive response to unfamiliar semen. Female Infidelity And Paternal Uncertainty, New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • De Catanzaro, D. (1991). Evolutionary limits to selfpreservation. Ethology And Sociobiology, 12, 13-28.
  • De Catanzaro, D. (1995). Reproductive status, family interactions, and suicidal ideation: Surveys of the general public and high-risk group. Ethology And Sociobiology, 16, 385-394.
  • Diamond, J. (1997) Why sex is fun: The evolution of human sexuality. ABD: W&N.
  • Duntley, J. D. (2005). Adaptations to dangers from other humans. The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, New York: Wiley.
  • Durrant, R. (2011). Collective violence: An evolutionary perspective. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 16, 428- 436.
  • Feingold, A. (1992). Gender differences in mate selection preferences: a test of the parental investment model. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 125-39.
  • Gat, A. (2006). War in human civilization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Ghiglieri, M. P. (2000). The dark Sside of man. New York: Perseus Books.
  • Goetz, A. T. (2010). The evolutionary psychology of violence. Psicothema, 22 (1), 15-21. Goodall, J. (1986). The chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of behavior. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press: Cambridge, Massachusetts.
  • Gottschall, J. A. - Gottschall, T. A. (2003). Are per-incident rape-pregnancy rates higher than per-incident consensual pregnancy rates?. Human Nature, 14, 1-20.
  • Hanna, C. (1997). Can a biological inquiry help reduce male violence against females? Or what's a nice "Gal" like me doing at a conference like this. ??? 333, 340-341
  • Kadının Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü (2019). Türkiye’de kadın, 1-78, Ankara: Aile, Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı.
  • Kelly, R. C. (2000). Warless societies and the origin of war. Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan, Michigan Press.
  • Littman, R. - Paluck, E. L. (2015). The cycle of violence: Understanding individual participation in collective violence. Advances in Political Psychology, Vol. 36, Suppl. 1.
  • Marlborough, C. (2003). Evolution, child abuse, and the constitution. Journal of Law and Policy, 687.
  • Moreno, J. (2010). Reproductive success. Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, 64-69.
  • Polat, O. (2017). Şiddet. Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi, 22 (1),15-34.
  • Sidanius, J. - Pratto, F. (1999). Social dominance: An intergroup theory of social hierarchy and oppression. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Smith, D. L. (2007). The most dangerous animal: Human nature and the origins of war. New York, Ny: St. Martin's Press.
  • Smuts, B. B. (1992). Male aggression against women. Human Nature, 6, 1-32.
  • Thornhill, R. - Palmer, C. P. (2000). A natural history of rape. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Thornhill, R. - Thornhill, N. (1992). The evolutionary psychology of men’s coercive sexuality. Behavioral And Brain Sciences, 15, 363-375.
  • Tooby, J. - Cosmides, L. (1992). The psychological foundations of culture. The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology And The Generation Of Culture, (Eds.: J. H. Barkow, L. Cosmides, J. Tooby),19-136, New York: Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Trivers, R. L. (1972). Parental investment and sexual selection. Sexual Selection And The Descent Of Man, (Ed.: B. Campbell), 136-179, Chicago, IL: Aldine
  • Van Der Dennen, J. M. G. (2002). (Evolutionary) Theories of warfare in preindustrial (foraging) societies. Neuroendocrinology Letters, 55-65.
  • Van Vught, M. (2009). Sex differences in intergroup competition, aggression, and warfare: The male warrior hypothesis. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Science, 1167, 124-134.
  • Ward, T. - Siegert, R. (2002). Rape and evolutionary psychology: A critique of Thornhill and Palmer’s theory. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 7(2), 145-168.
  • Watson, P. J. - Andrews, P. W. (2002) Toward a revised evolutionary adaptationist analysis of depression: The social navigation hypothesis. The Journal of Affect. Disorders, 72, 1-14.
  • Wilson, M. - Daly, M. (1984). Competitiveness, risk-taking, and violence: The young male syndrome. Ethology And Sociobiology, 61.
  • Wilson, M. J. W. (2005). Evolutionary perspective on male violance: Practical and policy implications. American Journal of Criminal Law, 291-323.
  • Wilson, M. - Daly, M. (1999). The Truth About Cinderella.
  • Wilson, M. - Mesnick, S. L. (1997). An empirical test of the bodyguard hypothesis, feminism and evolutionary biology. New York: Chapman ve Hall.
  • Wrangham, R. (1999). Evolution of coalitionary killing. Yearbook Of Physical Anthropology.
  • Zwi, A. B. - Garfield, R. - Loretti, A. (2002). Collective violence. Geneva: World Health Organization.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Cultural Studies
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Melike Ceylan 0000-0001-8603-8912

Publication Date June 10, 2021
Submission Date January 24, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 14 Issue: 34

Cite

APA Ceylan, M. (2021). TOPLUMDA GÖRÜLEN ŞİDDET DAVRANIŞINA EVRİMSEL YAKLAŞIM. Motif Akademi Halkbilimi Dergisi, 14(34), 779-791. https://doi.org/10.12981/mahder.867463