Research Article
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Vulvar İntraepitelyal Neoplazi Olgularının Klinik ve Patolojik Verilerinin Retrospektif Analizi

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 220 - 226, 31.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.1115733

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma kliniğimizde Vulvar İntraepitelyal Neoplazi (VIN) tanısı alan vakaların klinik ve
patolojik verilerini retrospektif olarak değerlendirmek için planlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Pamukkale Üniversitesinde Ocak 2016- Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında VIN
tanısı almış olan 68 hastanın dosyası retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Patolojik preparatlar mikroskop
ile tekrar değerlendirildi. Vakalara ait sosyodemografik veriler, biyopsi ve histopatolojik veriler elde edildi.
VIN vakalarına eş zamanlı olarak alınmış olan servikal Pap-smear, HPV ve servikal biyopsi sonuçları
gruplandırılarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 68 hastanın 48’i düşük dereceli (vLSIL), 20’si yüksek dereceli (vHSIL)’
idi. Düşük dereceli grupta ortalama yaş 48,60±16,02; gravida 2,54±1,92; parite 2,02±1,60 iken;
yüksek dereceli grupta sırasıyla 44,80±14,71; 2,40±1,81; 1,70±1,49 idi. Yüksek dereceli grupta; lezyon
alanı (p=0,008), Ki-67 (p=0,001), p53 (p=0,036), p16 (p=0,034) immünhistokimya boyanmaları istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı şekilde daha yüksekti. HPV boyanması açısından fark yoktu (p>0,05). Eş zamanlı
servikal Pap-smear, HPV-pcr ve servikal biyopsi açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
fark yoktu (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, literatüre paralel olarak servikal intraepitelyal lezyonlarda (CIN) ve yapılmış
VIN çalışmalarında olduğu gibi immünohistokimyasal belirteçler yüksek dereceli grupta daha yüksek
bulunmuştur. CIN ile ortak risk faktörleri içermesine rağmen, VIN için toplum tabanlı bir tarama henüz
mevcut değildir. Bu nedenle şüpheli vulvar lezyonların araştırılmasında tanı için altın standart prosedür
biyopsidir. VIN hastalarının tanı ve tedavileri için algoritma oluşturacak çok merkezli ileri çalışmalara
ihtiyaç vardır.

References

  • Judson PL, Habermann EB, Baxter NN, Durham SB, Virnig BA. Trends in the incidence of inva- sive and in situ vulvar carcinoma. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107:1018–22.
  • S.Kaushik,L.Pepas,A.Nordin,A.Bryant,H.O.Dickinson,CochraneDatabase:Surgi- cal Interventions for High Grade Vulval Intraepithelial Neoplasia (Review), 1, The Cochrane Collaboration. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Copyright 2011 30, https://doi. org/10.1002/14651858.CD007928.pub3. 

  • Committee Opinion No. 675 Summary: Management of Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia. Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128(4):937-938. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000001704.
  • M. Sideri, R.W. Jones, E.J. Wilkinson, M. Preti, D.S. Heller, J. Scurry, et al., Squamous vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: 2004 modified terminologyISSVD Vulvar Oncology Subcommittee J. Reprod. Med. 50 (2005) 80716419625. 

  • J. Bornstein, F. Bogliatto, H.K. Haefner, C.K. Stockdale, M. Preti, T.G. Bohl, et al., The 2015 International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD) terminol- ogy of vulvar squamous intraepithelial lesions, J. Low. Genit. Tract Dis. 20 (1) (2016 Jan) 11–14, https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000001285. 

  • VanSeters,M,vanBeurdenM,deCraenAJ.Is the assumed natural history of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia III based on enough evidence? A systematic review of 3322 
 published patients. Gynecol. Oncol. 2005;97:645. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ygyno.2005.02.012.

  • Kowalewska M, Szkoda MT, Radziszewski J, Ptaszynski K, Bidzinski M, Siedlecki JA. The frequency of human papillomavirus infection in polish patients with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2010;20(3):434-7. doi: 10.1111/IGC.0b013e3181d320f1
  • Edwards SK, Bates CM, Lewis F, Sethi G, Grover D. 2014 UK national guideline on the management of vulval conditions. Int J STD AIDS. 2015;26(9):611-24. doi: 10.1177/0956462414554271.
  • Linxweiler M, Bochen F, Wemmert S, Lerner C, Hasenfus A, Bohle RM, Al-Kadah B, Takacs ZF, Smola S, Schick B. Combination of p16(INK4a) /Ki67 immunocytology and HPV polymerase chain reaction for the noninvasive analysis of HPV involvement in head and neck cancer. Cancer Cytopathol. 2015;123(4):219-29. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21512.
  • Petry KU, Schmidt D, Scherbring S, Luyten A, Reinecke-Lüthge A, Bergeron C, Kommoss F, Löning T, Ordi J, Regauer S, Ridder R. Triaging Pap cytology negative, HPV positive cervical cancer screening results with p16/Ki-67 Dual-stained cytology. Gynecol Oncol. 2011;121(3):505-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.02.033.
  • Takacs FZ, Radosa JC, Bochen F, Juhasz-Böss I, Solomayer EF, Bohle RM, Breitbach GP, Schick B, Linxweiler M. Sec62/Ki67 and p16/Ki67 dual-staining immunocytochemistry in vulvar cytology for the identification of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and vulvar cancer: a pilot study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2019;299(3):825-833. doi: 10.1007/s00404-018-5021-0.
  • Chulvis do Val IC, Almeida Filho GL, Valiante PM, Gondim C, Takiya CM, Carvalho Mda G. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia p53 expression, p53 gene mutation and HPV in recurrent/progressive cases. J Reprod Med. 2004;49(11):868-74.
  • Garland SM, Insinga RP, Sings HL, Haupt RM, Joura EA. Human papillomavirus infections and vulvar disease development. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009;18(6):1777-84. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0067.
  • Insinga RP, Liaw KL, Johnson LG, Madeleine MM. A systematic review of the prevalence and attribution of human papillomavirus types among cervical, vaginal, and vulvar precancers and cancers in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17(7):1611-22. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-2922.
  • Satmary W, Holschneider CH, Brunette LL, Natarajan S. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: Risk factors for recurrence. Gynecol Oncol. 2018;148(1):126-131. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.10.029
  • Modesitt SC, Waters AB, Walton L, Fowler WC Jr, Van Le L. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia III: occult cancer and the impact of margin status on recurrence. Obstet Gynecol. 1998;92(6):962-6. doi: 10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00350-0.
  • Wallbillich JJ, Rhodes HE, Milbourne AM, Munsell MF, Frumovitz M, Brown J, Trimble CL, Schmeler KM. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN 2/3): comparing clinical outcomes and evaluating risk factors for recurrence. Gynecol Oncol. 2012;127(2):312-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.07.118.
  • Committee Opinion No.675: Management of Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia. Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128(4):e178-e182. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001713. Erratum in: Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jan;129(1):209.
  • Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer Statistics, 2017. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(1):7-30. doi: 10.3322/caac.21387.

Retrospective Analysis of Clinical and Pathological Data of Vulvar IntraepitheliaI Neoplasia Cases

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 220 - 226, 31.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.1115733

Abstract

Aim: This study was designed to retrospectively evaluatethe clinical and pathological data of cases
diagnosed with Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VIN) in ourclinic.
Material and Methods: 68 patients diagnosed with VIN at Pamukkale University between January 2016
and June 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Pathological slides were examined with a microscope.
Socio demographic data, biopsy and histopathological data of the cases were obtained. Cervical Papsmear,
HPV and cervical biopsy results taken simultaneously to VIN cases were grouped and evaluated Results: Of the 68 patients included in the study, 48 were low grade (vLSIL) and 20 were high grade (vHSIL). The mean age in the vLSIL
group was 48,60±16,02; gravida 2,54±1,92; parity 2,02±1,60 while; 44,80±14,71; 2,40±1,81; 1,70±1,49 in the vHSIL group, respectively.
In the vHSIL group; lesion area (p=0,008), Ki-67 (p=0,001), p53 (p=0,036), p16 (p=0,034) immunohistochemistry staining were statistically
significantly higher. There was no difference in HPV staining (p>0,05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in
terms of simultaneous cervical Pap-smear, HPV-pcr and cervical biopsy (p>0,05).
Conclusion: In our study, in accordance with the literature, immunohistochemical markers were found to be higher in the vHSIL group, as
in cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) and VIN studies. Although it contains common risk factors with CIN, population-based screening for
VIN is not yet available. Therefore, the gold standard procedure for diagnosis in the investigation of suspicious vulvar lesions is biopsy. Multi
center advanced studies are needed to create algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of VIN patients

References

  • Judson PL, Habermann EB, Baxter NN, Durham SB, Virnig BA. Trends in the incidence of inva- sive and in situ vulvar carcinoma. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107:1018–22.
  • S.Kaushik,L.Pepas,A.Nordin,A.Bryant,H.O.Dickinson,CochraneDatabase:Surgi- cal Interventions for High Grade Vulval Intraepithelial Neoplasia (Review), 1, The Cochrane Collaboration. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Copyright 2011 30, https://doi. org/10.1002/14651858.CD007928.pub3. 

  • Committee Opinion No. 675 Summary: Management of Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia. Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128(4):937-938. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000001704.
  • M. Sideri, R.W. Jones, E.J. Wilkinson, M. Preti, D.S. Heller, J. Scurry, et al., Squamous vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: 2004 modified terminologyISSVD Vulvar Oncology Subcommittee J. Reprod. Med. 50 (2005) 80716419625. 

  • J. Bornstein, F. Bogliatto, H.K. Haefner, C.K. Stockdale, M. Preti, T.G. Bohl, et al., The 2015 International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD) terminol- ogy of vulvar squamous intraepithelial lesions, J. Low. Genit. Tract Dis. 20 (1) (2016 Jan) 11–14, https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000001285. 

  • VanSeters,M,vanBeurdenM,deCraenAJ.Is the assumed natural history of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia III based on enough evidence? A systematic review of 3322 
 published patients. Gynecol. Oncol. 2005;97:645. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ygyno.2005.02.012.

  • Kowalewska M, Szkoda MT, Radziszewski J, Ptaszynski K, Bidzinski M, Siedlecki JA. The frequency of human papillomavirus infection in polish patients with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2010;20(3):434-7. doi: 10.1111/IGC.0b013e3181d320f1
  • Edwards SK, Bates CM, Lewis F, Sethi G, Grover D. 2014 UK national guideline on the management of vulval conditions. Int J STD AIDS. 2015;26(9):611-24. doi: 10.1177/0956462414554271.
  • Linxweiler M, Bochen F, Wemmert S, Lerner C, Hasenfus A, Bohle RM, Al-Kadah B, Takacs ZF, Smola S, Schick B. Combination of p16(INK4a) /Ki67 immunocytology and HPV polymerase chain reaction for the noninvasive analysis of HPV involvement in head and neck cancer. Cancer Cytopathol. 2015;123(4):219-29. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21512.
  • Petry KU, Schmidt D, Scherbring S, Luyten A, Reinecke-Lüthge A, Bergeron C, Kommoss F, Löning T, Ordi J, Regauer S, Ridder R. Triaging Pap cytology negative, HPV positive cervical cancer screening results with p16/Ki-67 Dual-stained cytology. Gynecol Oncol. 2011;121(3):505-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.02.033.
  • Takacs FZ, Radosa JC, Bochen F, Juhasz-Böss I, Solomayer EF, Bohle RM, Breitbach GP, Schick B, Linxweiler M. Sec62/Ki67 and p16/Ki67 dual-staining immunocytochemistry in vulvar cytology for the identification of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and vulvar cancer: a pilot study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2019;299(3):825-833. doi: 10.1007/s00404-018-5021-0.
  • Chulvis do Val IC, Almeida Filho GL, Valiante PM, Gondim C, Takiya CM, Carvalho Mda G. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia p53 expression, p53 gene mutation and HPV in recurrent/progressive cases. J Reprod Med. 2004;49(11):868-74.
  • Garland SM, Insinga RP, Sings HL, Haupt RM, Joura EA. Human papillomavirus infections and vulvar disease development. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009;18(6):1777-84. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0067.
  • Insinga RP, Liaw KL, Johnson LG, Madeleine MM. A systematic review of the prevalence and attribution of human papillomavirus types among cervical, vaginal, and vulvar precancers and cancers in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17(7):1611-22. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-2922.
  • Satmary W, Holschneider CH, Brunette LL, Natarajan S. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: Risk factors for recurrence. Gynecol Oncol. 2018;148(1):126-131. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.10.029
  • Modesitt SC, Waters AB, Walton L, Fowler WC Jr, Van Le L. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia III: occult cancer and the impact of margin status on recurrence. Obstet Gynecol. 1998;92(6):962-6. doi: 10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00350-0.
  • Wallbillich JJ, Rhodes HE, Milbourne AM, Munsell MF, Frumovitz M, Brown J, Trimble CL, Schmeler KM. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN 2/3): comparing clinical outcomes and evaluating risk factors for recurrence. Gynecol Oncol. 2012;127(2):312-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.07.118.
  • Committee Opinion No.675: Management of Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia. Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128(4):e178-e182. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001713. Erratum in: Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jan;129(1):209.
  • Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer Statistics, 2017. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(1):7-30. doi: 10.3322/caac.21387.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ayhan Atıgan 0000-0002-7257-0593

Derya Kılıç

Erkan Alataş 0000-0001-6423-5106

Yeliz Arman Karakaya 0000-0002-6669-9972

Ömer Tolga Güler 0000-0001-6673-8604

Publication Date August 31, 2022
Acceptance Date August 29, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Atıgan A, Kılıç D, Alataş E, Arman Karakaya Y, Güler ÖT. Vulvar İntraepitelyal Neoplazi Olgularının Klinik ve Patolojik Verilerinin Retrospektif Analizi. Med J West Black Sea. 2022;6(2):220-6.

Medical Journal of Western Black Sea is a scientific publication of Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine.

This is a refereed journal, which aims at achieving free knowledge to the national and international organizations and individuals related to medical sciences in publishedand electronic forms.

This journal is published three annually in April, August and December.
The publication language of the journal is Turkish and English.