Abstract
Yasal abone sayaç hataları ve kaçak kullanımlardan oluşan idari kayıplar kurumlar için doğrudan gelir kaybı olarak ifade edilmektedir. İdareler sayaçlardan kaynaklanan kayıpların azaltılması için 10 yaşını doldurmuş sayaçları değiştirmektedir. Ancak idari kayıplarla mücadelede idare için en uygun yöntemler tespit edilmelidir. Bu nedenle her bir yöntem için maliyet ve fayda analizleri detaylıca yapılmalı, ardından strateji belirlenmelidir. Bu çalışmada en uygun sayaç yönetimi için idari kayıpların ekonomik olarak azaltılabileceği en uygun seviyenin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için öncelikle sayaç yönetim bileşenleri için fayda maliyet analiz standardı tanımlanmıştır. En uygun kayıp seviyesinin analizi için optimizasyon algoritması esas alınarak bir metodoloji geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen metodoloji 3 pilot bölgede uygulanmıştır. Seçilen bu bölgelerde sayaçların değiştirilmesi veya kalibre edilmesi ile elde edilecek muhtemel faydalar ve maliyetler detaylıca analiz edilmiştir. Böylece su kayıplarıyla mücadelede sayaç yönetimi ile elde edebilecek faydalı debiler tespit edilmiştir.
References
- Alvisi S., Luciani C., Franchini, M. Using water consumption smart metering for water loss assessment in a DMA: a case study. Urban Water Journal 2019, 18(1): 77–83.
- Arregui F., Balaguer M., Soriano J. Quantifying measuring errors of new residential water meters considering different customer consumption patterns. Urban Water Journal 2015, 12: 1–13.
- Cabrera E., Pardo M. A., Cabrera E., Arregui F. J. Tap Water Costs and Service Sustainability, a Close Relationship. Water Resources Management 2013, 27(1): 239–253.
- Candelieri A., Soldi D., Archetti F. Cost-effective sensors placement and leak localization – the Neptun pilot of the ICeWater Project. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology 2015; 64(5): 567–582.
- Criminisi A., Fontanazza C. M., Freni G., Loggia G. L. Evaluation of the Apparent Losses Caused by Water Meter under-Registration in Intermittent Water Supply. Water Science and Technology 2009; 60: 2373–2383.
- Deidda Deidda D., Sechi G. M., Zucca R. Finding economic optimality in leakage reduction: A cost-simulation approach for complex urban supply systems. Procedia Engineering 2014; 70: 477–486.
- Fanner P., Thornton J., Liemberger R., Sturm R. Evaluating water loss and planning loss reduction strategies. In Awwa Research Foundation.2007
- Farley M., Wyeth G., Ghazali Z. B. M., Istandar A., & Singh S. The Manager’s Non-Revenue Water Handbook. A Guide to Understanding Water Losses.2008
- Fontanazza C. M., Notaro V., Puleo V., Freni G. The apparent losses due to metering errors: a proactive approach to predict losses and schedule maintenance. Urban Water Journal 2015; 12(3): 229–239.
- Lambert A. O., Brown T. G., Takizawa M., Weimer, D. A review of performance indicators for real losses from water supply systems. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology - AQUA 1999; 48(6): 227–237.
- Mesquita A. M., Ruiz M. A financial economic model for urban water pricing in Brazil. Urban Water Journal 2013; 10(2): 85–96.
- Pearson D, Trow S. W. Calculating the Economic Levels of Leakage. Leakage 2005 Conference Proceedings 2015; 1–16.
- Pearson David. Standard Definitions for Water Losses. In Standard Definitions for Water Losses 2019. https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060881
- Seago C. J., McKenzie R. S., Liemberger R. International benchmarking of leakage from water reticulation systems. Proceedings from the International Water Association Specialist Conference: Leakage 2005, 48–61.
- Sharma S. K., Mutikanga H. M., Vairavamoorthy K. Apparent water losses assessment: the case of Kampala City, Uganda. Proceedings of 5th IWA Water Loss Reduction Specialist Conference 2009, 36–42.
- Xin K., Tao T., Lu Y., Xiong X., Li F. Apparent Losses Analysis in District Metered Areas of Water Distribution Systems. Water Resources Management 2014;, 28: 683–696.
- Yılmaz S. İçme Suyu Dağıtım Sistemlerinde Abone Sayaçlarının Analizi ve Su Kayıplarına Etkisi. İnönü Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. 2017.
- Yılmaz S. Su Kayıp Yönetiminde Ekonomik Kaçak Seviyesinin Optimizasyon Algoritmalarıyla Belirlenmesi. İnönü Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi. 2021.
Abstract
Apparent losses due to authorized customer meter inaccuracies and illegal usage are expressed as direct income losses for administrations. The Administrations replaced the meters that are over 10 years old in order to reduce the losses due to water meter inaccuracies. However, the most appropriate methods for administration should be determined in the management of apparent losses by developing a strategy. For this reason, cost and benefit analyzes should be made in detail for each method, and then the strategy should be determined. In this study, it is aimed to determine the most appropriate level at which apparent losses can be economically reduced for the most appropriate meter management. For this, a cost-benefit analysis standard for meter management components was defined. A methodology was developed based on the optimization algorithm for the analysis of the most appropriate loss level. The developed methodology was implemented in 3 pilot regions. The possible benefits and costs of replacing or calibrating the meters in these selected regions are analyzed. Thus, useful flow rates that can be obtained with meter management in water loss management were determined.
Keywords
Water distribution systems Water losses Apparent losses Meter inaccuracy Economic loss level
References
- Alvisi S., Luciani C., Franchini, M. Using water consumption smart metering for water loss assessment in a DMA: a case study. Urban Water Journal 2019, 18(1): 77–83.
- Arregui F., Balaguer M., Soriano J. Quantifying measuring errors of new residential water meters considering different customer consumption patterns. Urban Water Journal 2015, 12: 1–13.
- Cabrera E., Pardo M. A., Cabrera E., Arregui F. J. Tap Water Costs and Service Sustainability, a Close Relationship. Water Resources Management 2013, 27(1): 239–253.
- Candelieri A., Soldi D., Archetti F. Cost-effective sensors placement and leak localization – the Neptun pilot of the ICeWater Project. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology 2015; 64(5): 567–582.
- Criminisi A., Fontanazza C. M., Freni G., Loggia G. L. Evaluation of the Apparent Losses Caused by Water Meter under-Registration in Intermittent Water Supply. Water Science and Technology 2009; 60: 2373–2383.
- Deidda Deidda D., Sechi G. M., Zucca R. Finding economic optimality in leakage reduction: A cost-simulation approach for complex urban supply systems. Procedia Engineering 2014; 70: 477–486.
- Fanner P., Thornton J., Liemberger R., Sturm R. Evaluating water loss and planning loss reduction strategies. In Awwa Research Foundation.2007
- Farley M., Wyeth G., Ghazali Z. B. M., Istandar A., & Singh S. The Manager’s Non-Revenue Water Handbook. A Guide to Understanding Water Losses.2008
- Fontanazza C. M., Notaro V., Puleo V., Freni G. The apparent losses due to metering errors: a proactive approach to predict losses and schedule maintenance. Urban Water Journal 2015; 12(3): 229–239.
- Lambert A. O., Brown T. G., Takizawa M., Weimer, D. A review of performance indicators for real losses from water supply systems. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology - AQUA 1999; 48(6): 227–237.
- Mesquita A. M., Ruiz M. A financial economic model for urban water pricing in Brazil. Urban Water Journal 2013; 10(2): 85–96.
- Pearson D, Trow S. W. Calculating the Economic Levels of Leakage. Leakage 2005 Conference Proceedings 2015; 1–16.
- Pearson David. Standard Definitions for Water Losses. In Standard Definitions for Water Losses 2019. https://doi.org/10.2166/9781789060881
- Seago C. J., McKenzie R. S., Liemberger R. International benchmarking of leakage from water reticulation systems. Proceedings from the International Water Association Specialist Conference: Leakage 2005, 48–61.
- Sharma S. K., Mutikanga H. M., Vairavamoorthy K. Apparent water losses assessment: the case of Kampala City, Uganda. Proceedings of 5th IWA Water Loss Reduction Specialist Conference 2009, 36–42.
- Xin K., Tao T., Lu Y., Xiong X., Li F. Apparent Losses Analysis in District Metered Areas of Water Distribution Systems. Water Resources Management 2014;, 28: 683–696.
- Yılmaz S. İçme Suyu Dağıtım Sistemlerinde Abone Sayaçlarının Analizi ve Su Kayıplarına Etkisi. İnönü Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. 2017.
- Yılmaz S. Su Kayıp Yönetiminde Ekonomik Kaçak Seviyesinin Optimizasyon Algoritmalarıyla Belirlenmesi. İnönü Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi. 2021.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Civil Engineering |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLES |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 10, 2023 |
| Submission Date | April 22, 2022 |
| Acceptance Date | August 7, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 1 |
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