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Year 2024, Volume: 42 Issue: 2, 383 - 389, 30.04.2024

Abstract

References

  • REFERENCES
  • [1] Pozar DM, Microwave Engineering. 4th ed. New Jersey: John Wiley &Sons, Inc; 2012.
  • [2] Razavi B, Rappaport TS. RF Microelectronics, Prentice Hall Communications Enginering and Emerging Technologies Series. 1st ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall PTR; 1998.
  • [3] Daniels DJ. EM Detection of Concealed Targets. 1st ed. New Jersey: John Wiley &Sons, Inc; 2009. [CrossRef]
  • [4] Bandar H, Türker TN. Comparison of post and iris substrate integrated waveguide band-pass filters for X-Band applications. Sigma J Eng Nat Sci 2022;40:4556. [CrossRef]
  • [5] Bharathy GT, Bhavanisankari S, Meena M, Balaji V. Implementation of 2.4 GHz LNA for wireless applications. Int J Future Generation Commun Net 2021;14:37233734.
  • [6] Yilmaz IE, Tezel NS. Low NoiseAmplifier (LNA) design suitable for 2.4 GHz radar applications. J Millimeterwave Comm Optim Model 2021;1:17–20.
  • [7] Divya AL, Mudavath M, Ranadheer S, Afzal M, Venkateswarlu R. low noise amplifier design and performance analysis of RF front-end for narrow band receivers. J Phys Conf Ser 2021;1817:012007. [CrossRef]
  • [8] Burak A, Altintas K, Yazici M, Gurbuz Y. LNA designs for 5G receiver applications. In: 2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC); 2021; Brisbane, Australia. 2021. pp. 1012. [CrossRef]
  • [9] Patel AV, Chaudhari J, Vala A, Mewada H, Mahant K, Al-Asad JF. Wideband LNA in 0.18 µm CMOS technology. In: 2021 4th International Symposium on Advanced Electrical and Communication Technologies (ISAECT); 2021; Alkhobar, Saudi Arabia. 2021. pp. 14. [CrossRef]
  • [10] Bhuiyan MAS, Minhad KNB, Uddin MJ, Reaz MBI, Badal MTI, Ullah H. CMOS LNA for IoT RFID, In: IEEE 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Engineering and Technology (IICAIET); 2020. pp.14. [CrossRef]
  • [11] Gholinia M, Ranjbar AA, Javidan M, Hosseinpour AA, (2021) Employing a new micro-spray model and (MWCNTs - SWCNTs) - H2O nanofluid on Si-IGBT power module for energy storage: A numerical simulation. Energy Rep 2021;7:68446853. [CrossRef]
  • [12] Cheng Y, Ji X, Lu T, Xu W. DeWiCam: Detecting hidden wireless cameras via smartphones. In: ASIACCS, Proceedings of the 2018 on Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security; 2018 May; Incheon, Korea: 2018. p.113. [CrossRef]
  • [13] Wang W, Wang Q, Leong WK, Leong B, Li Y. Uncovering a Hidden wireless menace: Interference from 802.11x MAC acknowledgment frames. Available at: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=6dfa68b49e6e480d760bc6661b25f13222e98d9a. Accessed on Mar 23, 2024.
  • [14] Demirel M. Dual-band band-pass tunable filter with meander-line resonator. Eur J Sci Tec 2022;36:134138. [CrossRef]
  • [15] Xu Q, Zhang Z, Wu X, Wang J, Peng L. A compact S-band band-pass filter with ultra-wide stopband. Frequenz 2022;77:1722. [CrossRef]
  • [16] Bao-qin L, Wen-Zhun H, Jian-Xin G, Zhe L, Yan-Wen W, Hong-Jun Y. A band-pass frequency selective surface with polarization rotation. Chin Phys B 2023;32:024204. [CrossRef]
  • [17] Hathat, A. Design of microstrip low-pass and band-pass filters using artificial neural networks. Alger J Signals Syst 2021;6:157162. [CrossRef]
  • [18] Datasheet of BL011 Wideband LNA from BeRex Company. Available at: https://www.electronicsdatasheets.com/manufacturers/berex/parts/bl011. Accessed on Mar 23, 2024.

Low noise amplifier design for hidden wireless lan applications using band pass filter with geometric mean prototype element values

Year 2024, Volume: 42 Issue: 2, 383 - 389, 30.04.2024

Abstract

Detection and perception problems may occur when the amplitude level of some signals that need to be received and detected is weak. Information that is requested to be kept confiden-tial or not shared with other units is always available in the environment as wireless electro-magnetic (EM) waves. Detection can only be made with the appropriate method. Thermal radiation emitted by objects that are intended to be hidden under clothing can also be given as an example. The signal level of these EM waves is very low. In this case, low noise amplifier (LNA) circuits are used to increase such values to a measurable level by network analyzer. In this study, a design with 17.19 dB gain for WLAN applications is made using BL011 LNA chip gathered from BeRex company with a 3rd order band pass filter (BPF) at 2.4 GHz center fre-quency, it has 200 MHz band width (BW) and 50 ohm characteristic impedance. An innova-tion has been introduced to design BPF as using the geometric mean prototype element values (PEV) by the help of geometric mean of 4 known techniques: Butterworth, Chebyshev (0.5 dB ripple), Bessel and Gauss (to 12 dB) normalized table values. According to the researches, the BPF circuit created by the geometric averaging method with the BL011 LNA chip has never been used to detect hidden EM signals in the WLAN band. Finally, the proposed BPF circuit is 2 in total, one at the input and one at the output; LNA circuit designed by using BL011 module and impedance matching circuit, a total of 3 consecutively connected and combined systems are formed. The proposed full system has the merits of compactness, good input reflection coefficient and good S21, gain characteristic.

References

  • REFERENCES
  • [1] Pozar DM, Microwave Engineering. 4th ed. New Jersey: John Wiley &Sons, Inc; 2012.
  • [2] Razavi B, Rappaport TS. RF Microelectronics, Prentice Hall Communications Enginering and Emerging Technologies Series. 1st ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall PTR; 1998.
  • [3] Daniels DJ. EM Detection of Concealed Targets. 1st ed. New Jersey: John Wiley &Sons, Inc; 2009. [CrossRef]
  • [4] Bandar H, Türker TN. Comparison of post and iris substrate integrated waveguide band-pass filters for X-Band applications. Sigma J Eng Nat Sci 2022;40:4556. [CrossRef]
  • [5] Bharathy GT, Bhavanisankari S, Meena M, Balaji V. Implementation of 2.4 GHz LNA for wireless applications. Int J Future Generation Commun Net 2021;14:37233734.
  • [6] Yilmaz IE, Tezel NS. Low NoiseAmplifier (LNA) design suitable for 2.4 GHz radar applications. J Millimeterwave Comm Optim Model 2021;1:17–20.
  • [7] Divya AL, Mudavath M, Ranadheer S, Afzal M, Venkateswarlu R. low noise amplifier design and performance analysis of RF front-end for narrow band receivers. J Phys Conf Ser 2021;1817:012007. [CrossRef]
  • [8] Burak A, Altintas K, Yazici M, Gurbuz Y. LNA designs for 5G receiver applications. In: 2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC); 2021; Brisbane, Australia. 2021. pp. 1012. [CrossRef]
  • [9] Patel AV, Chaudhari J, Vala A, Mewada H, Mahant K, Al-Asad JF. Wideband LNA in 0.18 µm CMOS technology. In: 2021 4th International Symposium on Advanced Electrical and Communication Technologies (ISAECT); 2021; Alkhobar, Saudi Arabia. 2021. pp. 14. [CrossRef]
  • [10] Bhuiyan MAS, Minhad KNB, Uddin MJ, Reaz MBI, Badal MTI, Ullah H. CMOS LNA for IoT RFID, In: IEEE 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Engineering and Technology (IICAIET); 2020. pp.14. [CrossRef]
  • [11] Gholinia M, Ranjbar AA, Javidan M, Hosseinpour AA, (2021) Employing a new micro-spray model and (MWCNTs - SWCNTs) - H2O nanofluid on Si-IGBT power module for energy storage: A numerical simulation. Energy Rep 2021;7:68446853. [CrossRef]
  • [12] Cheng Y, Ji X, Lu T, Xu W. DeWiCam: Detecting hidden wireless cameras via smartphones. In: ASIACCS, Proceedings of the 2018 on Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security; 2018 May; Incheon, Korea: 2018. p.113. [CrossRef]
  • [13] Wang W, Wang Q, Leong WK, Leong B, Li Y. Uncovering a Hidden wireless menace: Interference from 802.11x MAC acknowledgment frames. Available at: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=6dfa68b49e6e480d760bc6661b25f13222e98d9a. Accessed on Mar 23, 2024.
  • [14] Demirel M. Dual-band band-pass tunable filter with meander-line resonator. Eur J Sci Tec 2022;36:134138. [CrossRef]
  • [15] Xu Q, Zhang Z, Wu X, Wang J, Peng L. A compact S-band band-pass filter with ultra-wide stopband. Frequenz 2022;77:1722. [CrossRef]
  • [16] Bao-qin L, Wen-Zhun H, Jian-Xin G, Zhe L, Yan-Wen W, Hong-Jun Y. A band-pass frequency selective surface with polarization rotation. Chin Phys B 2023;32:024204. [CrossRef]
  • [17] Hathat, A. Design of microstrip low-pass and band-pass filters using artificial neural networks. Alger J Signals Syst 2021;6:157162. [CrossRef]
  • [18] Datasheet of BL011 Wideband LNA from BeRex Company. Available at: https://www.electronicsdatasheets.com/manufacturers/berex/parts/bl011. Accessed on Mar 23, 2024.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Chemistry
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mehmet Duman 0000-0002-0831-0172

Publication Date April 30, 2024
Submission Date May 22, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 42 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Duman M. Low noise amplifier design for hidden wireless lan applications using band pass filter with geometric mean prototype element values. SIGMA. 2024;42(2):383-9.

IMPORTANT NOTE: JOURNAL SUBMISSION LINK https://eds.yildiz.edu.tr/sigma/