Review
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Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 503 - 516, 22.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.1457040

Abstract

References

  • [1] Can A. The statistical modeling of potential biogas production capacity from solid waste disposal sites in Turkey. J Clean Prod 2020;243:118501. [CrossRef]
  • [2] Cooney C, Byrne R, Lyons W, O’Rourke F. Performance characterisation of a commercial-scale wind turbine operating in an urban environment, using real data. Energy Sustain Dev 2017;36:44–54. [CrossRef]
  • [3] Bilgili M, Bilirgen H, Ozbek A, Ekinci F, Demirdelen T. The role of hydropower installations for sustainable energy development in Turkey and the world. Renew Energy 2018;126:755–764. [CrossRef]
  • [4] Sharifishourabi M, Alimoradiyan H, Atikol U. Modeling of hybrid renewable energy system: The case study of Istanbul, Turkey. J Therm Eng 2016;2:990–994. [CrossRef]
  • [5] Liu TY, Tavner PJ, Feng Y, Qiu YN. Review of recent offshore wind power developments in China. Wind Energy 2013;16:786–803. [CrossRef]
  • [6] Askarzadeh A. Optimisation of solar and wind energy systems: a survey. Int J Ambient Energy 2017;38:653–662. [CrossRef]
  • [7] Kankal M, Bayram A, Uzlu E, Satilmiş U. Assessment of hydropower and multi-dam power projects in Turkey. Renew Energy 2014;68:118–133. [CrossRef]
  • [8] Koç C. A study on the development of hydropower potential in Turkey. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2014;39:498–508. [CrossRef]
  • [9] Celik A, Javani N. Wind turbine blade flapwise and edgewise bending vibration analyses using energy methods. J Therm Eng 2016;2:983–989. [CrossRef]
  • [10] Ozcan M. The role of renewables in increasing Turkey’s self-sufficiency in electrical energy. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;82:2629–2639. [CrossRef]
  • [11] Chattopadhyay M, Chattopadhyay D. Renewable energy contingencies in power systems: Concept and case study. Energy Sustain Dev 2020;54:25–35. [CrossRef]
  • [12] Xu M, Buyya R. Managing renewable energy and carbon footprint in multi-cloud computing environments. J Parallel Distrib Comput 2020;135:191–202. [CrossRef]
  • [13] Lin B, Zhu J. Determinants of renewable energy technological innovation in China under CO2 emissions constraint. J Environ Manage 2019;247:662–671. [CrossRef]
  • [14] Yao S, Zhang S, Zhang X. Renewable energy, carbon emission and economic growth: A revised environmental Kuznets Curve perspective. J Clean Prod 2019;235:1338–1352. [CrossRef]
  • [15] Sun X, Huang D. An Explosive Growth of Wind Power in China. Int J Green Energy 2014;11:849–860. [CrossRef]
  • [16] REN21. Renewables 2018 Global Status Report. Available at: https://www.ren21.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/GSR2018_Full-Report_English.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [17] Bilgili M, Ozbek A, Sahin B, Kahraman A. An overview of renewable electric power capacity and progress in new technologies in the world. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;49:323–334. [CrossRef]
  • [18] Bulut U, Muratoglu G. Renewable energy in Turkey: Great potential, low but increasing utilization, and an empirical analysis on renewable energy-growth nexus. Energy Policy 2018;123:240–250. [CrossRef]
  • [19] Wang S, Wang S. Impacts of wind energy on environment: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;49:437–443. [CrossRef]
  • [20] Jones CR, Richard Eiser J. Understanding “local” opposition to wind development in the UK: How big is a backyard? Energy Policy 2010;38:3106–3117. [CrossRef]
  • [21] Zheng CW, Li CY, Pan J, Liu MY, Xia LL. An overview of global ocean wind energy resource evaluations. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;53:1240–1251. [CrossRef]
  • [22] IRENA. Wind Power Technology Brief. Available at: https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2016/IRENA-ETSAP_Tech_Brief_Wind_Power_E07.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [23] Mendecka B, Lombardi L. Life cycle environmental impacts of wind energy technologies: A review of simplified models and harmonization of the results. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2019;111:462–480. [CrossRef]
  • [24] Kazimierczuk AH. Wind energy in Kenya: A status and policy framework review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2019;107:434–445. [CrossRef]
  • [25] Köktürk G, Tokuç A. Vision for wind energy with a smart grid in Izmir. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2017;73:332–345. [CrossRef]
  • [26] Gualtieri G. A comprehensive review on wind resource extrapolation models applied in wind energy. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2019;102:215–233. [CrossRef]
  • [27] Ahmed AS. Wind energy characteristics and wind park installation in Shark El-Ouinat, Egypt. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;82:734–742. [CrossRef]
  • [28] Tagliapietra S, Zachmann G, Fredriksson G. Estimating the cost of capital for wind energy investments in Turkey. Energy Policy 2019;131:295–301. [CrossRef]
  • [29] Kılıç B. Determination of wind dissipation maps and wind energy potential in Burdur province of Turkey using geographic information system (GIS). Sustain Energy Technol Assess 2019;36:100555. [CrossRef]
  • [30] Park J, Kim B. An analysis of South Korea’s energy transition policy with regards to offshore wind power development. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2019;109:71–84. [CrossRef]
  • [31] Igwemezie V, Mehmanparast A, Kolios A. Current trend in offshore wind energy sector and material requirements for fatigue resistance improvement in large wind turbine support structures – A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2019;101:181–196. [CrossRef]
  • [32] Emeksiz C, Demirci B. The determination of offshore wind energy potential of Turkey by using novelty hybrid site selection method. Sustain Energy Technol Assess 2019;36:100562. [CrossRef]
  • [33] Argin M, Yerci V, Erdogan N, Kucuksari S, Cali U. Exploring the offshore wind energy potential of Turkey based on multi-criteria site selection. Energy Strateg Rev 2019;23:33–46. [CrossRef]
  • [34] Cali U, Erdogan N, Kucuksari S, Argin M. TECHNO-ECONOMIC analysis of high potential offshore wind farm locations in Turkey. Energy Strateg Rev 2018;22:325–336. [CrossRef]
  • [35] IEA. Technology Roadmap - Wind Energy 2013. Available at: https://www.iea.org/reports/technology-roadmap-wind-energy-2013. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [36] ENERGIA. Renewables 2018 Global Status Report (REN21) Released. Available at: https://energia.org/renewables-2018-global-status-report-ren21/. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [37] Celik AN. A techno-economic analysis of wind energy in southern Turkey. Int J Green Energy 2007;4:233–247. [CrossRef]
  • [38] Wilburn DR. Wind energy in the United States and materials required for the land-based wind turbine industry from 2010 through 2030. USGS Sci Invest Rep 2011:5036. [CrossRef]
  • [39] Saidur R, Rahim NA, Islam MR, Solangi KH. Environmental impact of wind energy. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2011;15:2423–2430. [CrossRef]
  • [40] Chen J. Development of offshore wind power in China. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2011;15:5013–5020. [CrossRef]
  • [41] Karthikeyan N, Kalidasa Murugavel K, Arun Kumar S, Rajakumar S. Review of aerodynamic developments on small horizontal axis wind turbine blade. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;42:801–822. [CrossRef]
  • [42] Korompili A, Wu Q, Zhao H. Review of VSC HVDC connection for offshore wind power integration. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;59:1405–1414. [CrossRef]
  • [43] Lin YT, Chiu PH, Huang CC. An experimental and numerical investigation on the power performance of 150 kW horizontal axis wind turbine. Renew Energy 2017;113:85–93. [CrossRef]
  • [44] Maheri A. Simulation of wind turbines utilising smart blades. J Therm Eng 2016;2:557–565. [CrossRef]
  • [45] Sener B, Aytac S. The renewable energy potential of Turkish coasts and a concept design of a near shore sea platform. J Therm Eng 2017;3:1211–1220. [CrossRef]
  • [46] Cetin B. Parametric analysis of electrical energy production by wind energy for Bozcaada. J Therm Eng 2019;5:271–276. [CrossRef]
  • [47] Kavak Akpınar E. Statistical analysis of wind speed distribution with Sinop-Turkey application. J Therm Eng 2019;5:277–292. [CrossRef]
  • [48] Islam MR, Mekhilef S, Saidur R. Progress and recent trends of wind energy technology. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2013;21:456–468. [CrossRef]
  • [49] Kumar Y, Ringenberg J, Depuru SS, Devabhaktuni VK, Lee JW, Nikolaidis E, et al. Wind energy: Trends and enabling technologies. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;53:209–224. [CrossRef]
  • [50] Tong W. Fundamentals of wind energy. WIT Trans State Art Sci Engineer 2010;44:1755–8336. [CrossRef]
  • [51] Pishgar-Komleh SH, Akram A. Evaluation of wind energy potential for different turbine models based on the wind speed data of Zabol region, Iran. Sustain Energy Technol Assess 2017;22:34–40. [CrossRef]
  • [52] Lehtola T, Zahedi A. Solar energy and wind power supply supported by storage technology: A review. Sustain Energy Technol Assess 2019;35:25–31. [CrossRef]
  • [53] ETIPWIND. Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda 2018. Available at: https://etipwind.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018-Strategic-Research-Innovation-Agenda.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [54] Söderholm P, Pettersson M. Offshore wind power policy and planning in Sweden. Energy Policy 2011;39:518–525. [CrossRef]
  • [55] Argin M, Yerci V. Offshore wind power potential of the Black Sea region in Turkey. Int J Green Energy 2017;14:811–818. [CrossRef]
  • [56] Singh S, Singh M, Kaushik SC. A review on optimization techniques for sizing of solar-wind hybrid energy systems. Int J Green Energy 2016;13:1564–1578. [CrossRef]
  • [57] McKenna R, Ostman P, Fichtner W. Key challenges and prospects for large wind turbines. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;53:1212–1221. [CrossRef]
  • [58] Nathan S. GE launches world’s most powerful offshore wind turbine. Available at: https://www.theengineer.co.uk/content/news/ge-launches-world-s-most-powerful-offshore-wind-turbine/. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [59] Leung DYC, Yang Y. Wind energy development and its environmental impact: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2012;16:1031–1039. [CrossRef]
  • [60] Kaldellis JK, Zafirakis D. The wind energy (r)evolution: A short review of a long history. Renew Energy 2011;36:1887–1901. [CrossRef]
  • [61] Blaabjerg F, Ma K. Future on power electronics for wind turbine systems. IEEE J Emerg Sel Top Power Electron 2013;1:139–152. [CrossRef]
  • [62] RAENG. Wind Energy: implications of large-scale deployment on the GB electricity system. Available at: https://raeng.org.uk/media/duifixd5/wind_report.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [63] ETIPWIND. Wind Energy: A Vision for Europe in 2030. Available at: https://etipwind.eu/files/reports/TPWind-Vision-for-Europe.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [64] WindEurope. Wind energy in Europe in 2018: Trends and statistics. Available at: https://windeurope.org/about-wind/statistics/european/wind-energy-in-europe-in-2018/. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [65] EWEA. Offshore wind in Europe. Available at: https://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/files/library/publications/reports/EY-Offshore-Wind-in-Europe.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [66] GWEC. Global Wind Report 2018. Available at: https://solarprosumer.com/wp-content/uploads/lib025-gwec-global-wind-report-april2019.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [67] Bilgili M. A global review of wind power installations and their development in Turkey. CLEAN - Soil, Air, Water 2009;37:195–202. [CrossRef]
  • [68] Bilgili M, Şahin B. Electric power plants and electricity generation in Turkey. Energy Sources, Part B Econ Planning, Policy 2009;5:81–92. [CrossRef]
  • [69] Saidur R, Islam MR, Rahim NA, Solangi KH. A review on global wind energy policy. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2010;14:1744–1762. [CrossRef]
  • [70] Kaplan YA. Overview of wind energy in the world and assessment of current wind energy policies in Turkey. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;43:562–568. [CrossRef]
  • [71] Turkish Electricity Transmission Corporation. Electricity Statistics 2019. Available at: https://www.teias.gov.tr/turkiye-elektrik-uretim-iletim-istatistikleri. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [72] Dai K, Bergot A, Liang C, Xiang WN, Huang Z. Environmental issues associated with wind energy - A review. Renew Energy 2015;75:911–921. [CrossRef]

Growth in turbine size and technological development of modern commercial large scale wind turbines in Türkiye

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 503 - 516, 22.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.1457040

Abstract

In this study, in addition to the recent advances and tendencies in wind turbine technology around the world, the progress of commercial wind turbine technology installed in Turkey was also thoroughly examined. In this respect, several metrics for installed wind turbines including number of turbines, installed power capacity (MW), mean rated capacity (MW), mean rotor diameter (m), mean specific power capacity (W/m2), and mean hub height (m) have been obtained between the years of 2011 and 2019. According to the obtained results, the mean rated capacity of Turkey’s annual installed wind turbines advanced from 1.86 MW in 2011 to 3.52 MW in 2019. However, the mean specific power of yearly installed wind turbines declined from 423.7 W/m2 to 314.1 W/m2. Outcomes revealed that the growth in the size and the reduction in the specific power have contributed to the tendency of higher power outputs, and wind turbine capacity factor and power generation capacity have been on the rise in Turkey. In time, wind turbines with greater rotor diameters and hubs started to show up more observable on land. For that purpose, the proposed solution to regulate turbine visibility during site selection is the potential visibility model (PVM), which is meant to be used as an auxiliary variable.

References

  • [1] Can A. The statistical modeling of potential biogas production capacity from solid waste disposal sites in Turkey. J Clean Prod 2020;243:118501. [CrossRef]
  • [2] Cooney C, Byrne R, Lyons W, O’Rourke F. Performance characterisation of a commercial-scale wind turbine operating in an urban environment, using real data. Energy Sustain Dev 2017;36:44–54. [CrossRef]
  • [3] Bilgili M, Bilirgen H, Ozbek A, Ekinci F, Demirdelen T. The role of hydropower installations for sustainable energy development in Turkey and the world. Renew Energy 2018;126:755–764. [CrossRef]
  • [4] Sharifishourabi M, Alimoradiyan H, Atikol U. Modeling of hybrid renewable energy system: The case study of Istanbul, Turkey. J Therm Eng 2016;2:990–994. [CrossRef]
  • [5] Liu TY, Tavner PJ, Feng Y, Qiu YN. Review of recent offshore wind power developments in China. Wind Energy 2013;16:786–803. [CrossRef]
  • [6] Askarzadeh A. Optimisation of solar and wind energy systems: a survey. Int J Ambient Energy 2017;38:653–662. [CrossRef]
  • [7] Kankal M, Bayram A, Uzlu E, Satilmiş U. Assessment of hydropower and multi-dam power projects in Turkey. Renew Energy 2014;68:118–133. [CrossRef]
  • [8] Koç C. A study on the development of hydropower potential in Turkey. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2014;39:498–508. [CrossRef]
  • [9] Celik A, Javani N. Wind turbine blade flapwise and edgewise bending vibration analyses using energy methods. J Therm Eng 2016;2:983–989. [CrossRef]
  • [10] Ozcan M. The role of renewables in increasing Turkey’s self-sufficiency in electrical energy. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;82:2629–2639. [CrossRef]
  • [11] Chattopadhyay M, Chattopadhyay D. Renewable energy contingencies in power systems: Concept and case study. Energy Sustain Dev 2020;54:25–35. [CrossRef]
  • [12] Xu M, Buyya R. Managing renewable energy and carbon footprint in multi-cloud computing environments. J Parallel Distrib Comput 2020;135:191–202. [CrossRef]
  • [13] Lin B, Zhu J. Determinants of renewable energy technological innovation in China under CO2 emissions constraint. J Environ Manage 2019;247:662–671. [CrossRef]
  • [14] Yao S, Zhang S, Zhang X. Renewable energy, carbon emission and economic growth: A revised environmental Kuznets Curve perspective. J Clean Prod 2019;235:1338–1352. [CrossRef]
  • [15] Sun X, Huang D. An Explosive Growth of Wind Power in China. Int J Green Energy 2014;11:849–860. [CrossRef]
  • [16] REN21. Renewables 2018 Global Status Report. Available at: https://www.ren21.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/GSR2018_Full-Report_English.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
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  • [18] Bulut U, Muratoglu G. Renewable energy in Turkey: Great potential, low but increasing utilization, and an empirical analysis on renewable energy-growth nexus. Energy Policy 2018;123:240–250. [CrossRef]
  • [19] Wang S, Wang S. Impacts of wind energy on environment: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;49:437–443. [CrossRef]
  • [20] Jones CR, Richard Eiser J. Understanding “local” opposition to wind development in the UK: How big is a backyard? Energy Policy 2010;38:3106–3117. [CrossRef]
  • [21] Zheng CW, Li CY, Pan J, Liu MY, Xia LL. An overview of global ocean wind energy resource evaluations. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;53:1240–1251. [CrossRef]
  • [22] IRENA. Wind Power Technology Brief. Available at: https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2016/IRENA-ETSAP_Tech_Brief_Wind_Power_E07.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [23] Mendecka B, Lombardi L. Life cycle environmental impacts of wind energy technologies: A review of simplified models and harmonization of the results. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2019;111:462–480. [CrossRef]
  • [24] Kazimierczuk AH. Wind energy in Kenya: A status and policy framework review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2019;107:434–445. [CrossRef]
  • [25] Köktürk G, Tokuç A. Vision for wind energy with a smart grid in Izmir. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2017;73:332–345. [CrossRef]
  • [26] Gualtieri G. A comprehensive review on wind resource extrapolation models applied in wind energy. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2019;102:215–233. [CrossRef]
  • [27] Ahmed AS. Wind energy characteristics and wind park installation in Shark El-Ouinat, Egypt. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;82:734–742. [CrossRef]
  • [28] Tagliapietra S, Zachmann G, Fredriksson G. Estimating the cost of capital for wind energy investments in Turkey. Energy Policy 2019;131:295–301. [CrossRef]
  • [29] Kılıç B. Determination of wind dissipation maps and wind energy potential in Burdur province of Turkey using geographic information system (GIS). Sustain Energy Technol Assess 2019;36:100555. [CrossRef]
  • [30] Park J, Kim B. An analysis of South Korea’s energy transition policy with regards to offshore wind power development. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2019;109:71–84. [CrossRef]
  • [31] Igwemezie V, Mehmanparast A, Kolios A. Current trend in offshore wind energy sector and material requirements for fatigue resistance improvement in large wind turbine support structures – A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2019;101:181–196. [CrossRef]
  • [32] Emeksiz C, Demirci B. The determination of offshore wind energy potential of Turkey by using novelty hybrid site selection method. Sustain Energy Technol Assess 2019;36:100562. [CrossRef]
  • [33] Argin M, Yerci V, Erdogan N, Kucuksari S, Cali U. Exploring the offshore wind energy potential of Turkey based on multi-criteria site selection. Energy Strateg Rev 2019;23:33–46. [CrossRef]
  • [34] Cali U, Erdogan N, Kucuksari S, Argin M. TECHNO-ECONOMIC analysis of high potential offshore wind farm locations in Turkey. Energy Strateg Rev 2018;22:325–336. [CrossRef]
  • [35] IEA. Technology Roadmap - Wind Energy 2013. Available at: https://www.iea.org/reports/technology-roadmap-wind-energy-2013. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [36] ENERGIA. Renewables 2018 Global Status Report (REN21) Released. Available at: https://energia.org/renewables-2018-global-status-report-ren21/. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [37] Celik AN. A techno-economic analysis of wind energy in southern Turkey. Int J Green Energy 2007;4:233–247. [CrossRef]
  • [38] Wilburn DR. Wind energy in the United States and materials required for the land-based wind turbine industry from 2010 through 2030. USGS Sci Invest Rep 2011:5036. [CrossRef]
  • [39] Saidur R, Rahim NA, Islam MR, Solangi KH. Environmental impact of wind energy. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2011;15:2423–2430. [CrossRef]
  • [40] Chen J. Development of offshore wind power in China. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2011;15:5013–5020. [CrossRef]
  • [41] Karthikeyan N, Kalidasa Murugavel K, Arun Kumar S, Rajakumar S. Review of aerodynamic developments on small horizontal axis wind turbine blade. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;42:801–822. [CrossRef]
  • [42] Korompili A, Wu Q, Zhao H. Review of VSC HVDC connection for offshore wind power integration. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;59:1405–1414. [CrossRef]
  • [43] Lin YT, Chiu PH, Huang CC. An experimental and numerical investigation on the power performance of 150 kW horizontal axis wind turbine. Renew Energy 2017;113:85–93. [CrossRef]
  • [44] Maheri A. Simulation of wind turbines utilising smart blades. J Therm Eng 2016;2:557–565. [CrossRef]
  • [45] Sener B, Aytac S. The renewable energy potential of Turkish coasts and a concept design of a near shore sea platform. J Therm Eng 2017;3:1211–1220. [CrossRef]
  • [46] Cetin B. Parametric analysis of electrical energy production by wind energy for Bozcaada. J Therm Eng 2019;5:271–276. [CrossRef]
  • [47] Kavak Akpınar E. Statistical analysis of wind speed distribution with Sinop-Turkey application. J Therm Eng 2019;5:277–292. [CrossRef]
  • [48] Islam MR, Mekhilef S, Saidur R. Progress and recent trends of wind energy technology. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2013;21:456–468. [CrossRef]
  • [49] Kumar Y, Ringenberg J, Depuru SS, Devabhaktuni VK, Lee JW, Nikolaidis E, et al. Wind energy: Trends and enabling technologies. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;53:209–224. [CrossRef]
  • [50] Tong W. Fundamentals of wind energy. WIT Trans State Art Sci Engineer 2010;44:1755–8336. [CrossRef]
  • [51] Pishgar-Komleh SH, Akram A. Evaluation of wind energy potential for different turbine models based on the wind speed data of Zabol region, Iran. Sustain Energy Technol Assess 2017;22:34–40. [CrossRef]
  • [52] Lehtola T, Zahedi A. Solar energy and wind power supply supported by storage technology: A review. Sustain Energy Technol Assess 2019;35:25–31. [CrossRef]
  • [53] ETIPWIND. Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda 2018. Available at: https://etipwind.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018-Strategic-Research-Innovation-Agenda.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [54] Söderholm P, Pettersson M. Offshore wind power policy and planning in Sweden. Energy Policy 2011;39:518–525. [CrossRef]
  • [55] Argin M, Yerci V. Offshore wind power potential of the Black Sea region in Turkey. Int J Green Energy 2017;14:811–818. [CrossRef]
  • [56] Singh S, Singh M, Kaushik SC. A review on optimization techniques for sizing of solar-wind hybrid energy systems. Int J Green Energy 2016;13:1564–1578. [CrossRef]
  • [57] McKenna R, Ostman P, Fichtner W. Key challenges and prospects for large wind turbines. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;53:1212–1221. [CrossRef]
  • [58] Nathan S. GE launches world’s most powerful offshore wind turbine. Available at: https://www.theengineer.co.uk/content/news/ge-launches-world-s-most-powerful-offshore-wind-turbine/. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [59] Leung DYC, Yang Y. Wind energy development and its environmental impact: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2012;16:1031–1039. [CrossRef]
  • [60] Kaldellis JK, Zafirakis D. The wind energy (r)evolution: A short review of a long history. Renew Energy 2011;36:1887–1901. [CrossRef]
  • [61] Blaabjerg F, Ma K. Future on power electronics for wind turbine systems. IEEE J Emerg Sel Top Power Electron 2013;1:139–152. [CrossRef]
  • [62] RAENG. Wind Energy: implications of large-scale deployment on the GB electricity system. Available at: https://raeng.org.uk/media/duifixd5/wind_report.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [63] ETIPWIND. Wind Energy: A Vision for Europe in 2030. Available at: https://etipwind.eu/files/reports/TPWind-Vision-for-Europe.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [64] WindEurope. Wind energy in Europe in 2018: Trends and statistics. Available at: https://windeurope.org/about-wind/statistics/european/wind-energy-in-europe-in-2018/. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [65] EWEA. Offshore wind in Europe. Available at: https://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/files/library/publications/reports/EY-Offshore-Wind-in-Europe.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [66] GWEC. Global Wind Report 2018. Available at: https://solarprosumer.com/wp-content/uploads/lib025-gwec-global-wind-report-april2019.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [67] Bilgili M. A global review of wind power installations and their development in Turkey. CLEAN - Soil, Air, Water 2009;37:195–202. [CrossRef]
  • [68] Bilgili M, Şahin B. Electric power plants and electricity generation in Turkey. Energy Sources, Part B Econ Planning, Policy 2009;5:81–92. [CrossRef]
  • [69] Saidur R, Islam MR, Rahim NA, Solangi KH. A review on global wind energy policy. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2010;14:1744–1762. [CrossRef]
  • [70] Kaplan YA. Overview of wind energy in the world and assessment of current wind energy policies in Turkey. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;43:562–568. [CrossRef]
  • [71] Turkish Electricity Transmission Corporation. Electricity Statistics 2019. Available at: https://www.teias.gov.tr/turkiye-elektrik-uretim-iletim-istatistikleri. Accessed February 21, 2024.
  • [72] Dai K, Bergot A, Liang C, Xiang WN, Huang Z. Environmental issues associated with wind energy - A review. Renew Energy 2015;75:911–921. [CrossRef]
There are 72 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Mehmet Bilgili 0000-0002-5339-6120

Hakan Alphan 0000-0003-1139-4087

Arif Emre Aktaş 0000-0002-6017-9917

Publication Date March 22, 2024
Submission Date August 24, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Bilgili, M., Alphan, H., & Aktaş, A. E. (2024). Growth in turbine size and technological development of modern commercial large scale wind turbines in Türkiye. Journal of Thermal Engineering, 10(2), 503-516. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.1457040
AMA Bilgili M, Alphan H, Aktaş AE. Growth in turbine size and technological development of modern commercial large scale wind turbines in Türkiye. Journal of Thermal Engineering. March 2024;10(2):503-516. doi:10.18186/thermal.1457040
Chicago Bilgili, Mehmet, Hakan Alphan, and Arif Emre Aktaş. “Growth in Turbine Size and Technological Development of Modern Commercial Large Scale Wind Turbines in Türkiye”. Journal of Thermal Engineering 10, no. 2 (March 2024): 503-16. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.1457040.
EndNote Bilgili M, Alphan H, Aktaş AE (March 1, 2024) Growth in turbine size and technological development of modern commercial large scale wind turbines in Türkiye. Journal of Thermal Engineering 10 2 503–516.
IEEE M. Bilgili, H. Alphan, and A. E. Aktaş, “Growth in turbine size and technological development of modern commercial large scale wind turbines in Türkiye”, Journal of Thermal Engineering, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 503–516, 2024, doi: 10.18186/thermal.1457040.
ISNAD Bilgili, Mehmet et al. “Growth in Turbine Size and Technological Development of Modern Commercial Large Scale Wind Turbines in Türkiye”. Journal of Thermal Engineering 10/2 (March 2024), 503-516. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.1457040.
JAMA Bilgili M, Alphan H, Aktaş AE. Growth in turbine size and technological development of modern commercial large scale wind turbines in Türkiye. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2024;10:503–516.
MLA Bilgili, Mehmet et al. “Growth in Turbine Size and Technological Development of Modern Commercial Large Scale Wind Turbines in Türkiye”. Journal of Thermal Engineering, vol. 10, no. 2, 2024, pp. 503-16, doi:10.18186/thermal.1457040.
Vancouver Bilgili M, Alphan H, Aktaş AE. Growth in turbine size and technological development of modern commercial large scale wind turbines in Türkiye. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2024;10(2):503-16.

IMPORTANT NOTE: JOURNAL SUBMISSION LINK http://eds.yildiz.edu.tr/journal-of-thermal-engineering