Dünya’nın En Değerli Süstaşlarından Biri Olan Painit Mineralinin, Jeolojik ve Mineralojik Olarak Bulunabilirliğinin İrdelenmesi; Türkiye’de Painit Var mıdır?
Abstract
Dünyada bugüne kadar keşfedilmiş 4.000’den fazla mineral olmasına karşın, bazıları doğada çok nadir bulundukları için, koleksiyonel bakımdan çok değerlidirler. Bu minerallerden dünyanın en nadir ve en değerli olanlardan birisi de painit [CaZrB(Al9O18)] mineralidir. Güneydoğu Asya'da Myanmar (Burma)'da 1950'lerde keşfedildikten sonra, bu nadir koleksiyonel ve mücevher taşının, çok yüksek maddi değeri nedeniyle, başka ülkelerde de bulunma ihtimali üzerine araştırmalar sürekli yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, painit mineralinin mineralojik ve gemolojik özelliklerini benzer minerallerle kıyaslamalı olarak ortaya koyarak, Türkiye'de painit mineralinin nasıl aranabileceği ve bulunabileceği örnek bir çalışma yapmaktır. Painitlerin, jeolojik olarak magmatik kökenli lökogranitler ile metamorfik kökenli mermerlerin dokanaklarındaki skarn kuşaklarında oluştukları ve bulundukları bilinmektedir. Sonuç olarak, eğer Türkiye'de bir painit minerali aranacaksa ve süstaşı olarak değerlendirilecekse; bu mineralin jeokimyasal bileşiminde mutlaka Ca, Zr ve B gibi elementlerinin yüzde miktarları göz önüne alınmalı, korundum, spinel vb. minerallerinin oluşum ortamlarına benzer jeolojik ortamlarda aranmalıdır. Özellikle, magmatik kayaçlar ile karbonatlı kayaçların metamorfizma kontağında, skarn kuşaklarının ve/veya bunların alüvyonlarında araştırılması gerekir.
References
- Armbruster, T., Dobelin, N., Peretti, A., Gunther, D., Reusser, E. & Grobety, B. (2004). The crystal structure of painite CaZrB[Al9O18] revisited. American Mineralogist, 89, 610-613. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2004-0415
- Ay, A.M., Hatipoğlu, M., Günel, H., Kılınçarslan, S. ve Velioğlu, T. (2013). Doğanşehir (Malatya) yakut oluşumlarının yayılımının tespiti ve oluşum kökenine ait yaklaşımlar [Determination of ruby formation and approaches to the origin in Doğanşehir (Malatya)]. 66.. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı (1-5 Nisan), Ankara, 222-223.
- Berry, L.G., Mason, B. & Dietrich, R.V. (1983). Mineralogy, 2nd Ed. W.H. Freeman and Co. USA.
- Claringbull-Gordon, F., Hey M. H. & Payne, C. J. (1957). Painite, a new mineral from Mogok, Burma. Mineralogical Magazine, 31, 42-425. https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1957.031.236.11
- Hatipoğlu, M., Türk, N., Chamberlain, S. C. & Akgün, A. M. (2010). Gem-quality transparent diaspore (zultanite) in bauxite deposits of the İlbir Mountains, Menderes Massif, SW Turkey. Mineralium Deposita, 45(2), 201-205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-009-0262-2
- Hatipoğlu. M. (2011). Al(Fe,Ti,Si)-mobility and secondary mineralization implications: A case study of the karst unconformity diasporite-type bauxite horizons in Milas (Muğla). Journal of African Earth Sciences, 60(3), 175-195. https://doi.org/101016/J.Jafrearsci.2011.02.009
- Hatipoğlu. M. & Çoban, E. (2021). Gem-quality blue sapphires (Al2O3-corundum variety) from the Milas-Yatağan region, Muğla, Turkey. Academia Letters, Article 4085, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.20935/AL4085
- Hatipoğlu, M., Çoban, E., Çil, V., Babalık, H. ve Güney, H. (2022). Türkiye’nin süstaşı kalitesindeki korundum (Al2O3) mineral (mavi safir) yatağı; Oluşumları ve Gemolojiksel özellikleri [Gem quality corundum (Al2O3) mineral (blue sapphire) deposit from Turkey; Their formation and gemological characteristics]. International Black Sea Modern Scientific Research Congress Full Text Book (s. 46-56), (September 29,-October 02) Rize-Türkiye.
- Hatipoğlu, M. & Çoban, E. (2023). Painite [CaZrB(Al9O18)] crystal, one of the rarest and popular gemstones in the world; in the case of legends about its presence in Türkiye, mineralogical properties, similar stones that can be mixed and scientific approaches. 2nd International İzmi̇r Congress (October 14-16) on Life, Engineering, and Applied Sciences Proceedings Book (p.:16). İzmir, Türkiye.
- Hollabaugh, C.L. & Foit, F. F. (1984). The crystal structure of an Al-rich titanite from Grisons, Switzerland. Amerikan Mineralogist, 69(7-8), 725-732. database_code_amcsd 0000942
- Kaydu-Akbudak, İ., Gürbüz, M., Başıbüyük, Z., Hatipoğlu, M., Öztüfekçi-Önal, A. & İşler, F. (2021). Mineralogical and gemological characteristics of metaophiolite hosted corundum (Malatya-Türkiye). Sakarya University Journal of Science, 25(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.644002
- Krauskopf, K. B. (1982). Introduction to Geochemistry., International Student Edition. Mc Graw-Hill Book Co. Lafuente B, Downs R T, Yang H & Stone N. (2015). The power of databases: the RRUFF project. In T. Armbruster & R. M. Danisi (Eds.), Highlights in Mineralogical Crystallography (p.: 1-3). Berlin, Germany, W. De Gruyter, pp 1-3.
- MacFall, R. P. (1969). Gem Hunter’s Guide – Handbook fort the Amateur Collector (Find and Identify Gem Minerals, Includes a Complete Directory of the Best Hunting Localities), Reprint Edition. Thomas Y. Crowell Co.
- Moore, P. B. & Araki, T. (1976). Painite, CaZrB[Al9O18]: Its crystal structure and relation to jeremejevite, B5[X3Al6(OH)3O15], and fluoborite, B3[Mg9(F,OH)9O9]. American Mineralogist, 61(1-2), 88-94.
- Shigley. J. E., Kampf, A. R. & Rossman, G. R. (1986). New data on painite. Mineralogical Magazine, 50, 267-270. https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1986.050.356.09
- Peretti, A. (2003). New findings of painite. Contributions to Gemology, 2, 19-20.
- Tsirelson, V., Antipin, M., Gerr, R., Ozerov, R. & Struchkov, Y. (1985). Ruby structure peculiarities derived from X-ray data. Localization of chromium atoms and electron deformation density, Physica Status Solidi A87, 425-433, database_code_amcsd 0015110. https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210870204
- Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA-CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2021.43
- Webster, R. (1994). Gems, Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification. Butterworths, Sevenoaks, UK, 1027s. Wyckoff R.
- Wyckoff, G. (1963). Crystal Structures 1, Second edition. Interscience Publishers, (p. 239-444) New York, New York, _database_code_amcsd 0011762
- URL 1, (2023). Painite, http://minerals.gps.caltech.edu/files/visible/painite/Wetloo_Mine-915.jpg
- URL 2, (2023). Painite, https://geologyscience.com/gemstone/painite/#jp-carousel-11364
- URL 3, (2023). Painite, www.mindat.org
- URL 4, (2023). Painite, www.webmineral.com
- URL 5, (2023). Painite, www.gemdat.org
- URL 6, (2023). GoogleEarth, https://earth.google.com/web/@0,-3.2872998,0a,22251752.77375655d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=OgMKATA
- Yeniyol, M. (2010). Teknik Mineraloji ve Petrografi (Szymanski, Andrzey’den çeviri). İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayın No: 4910.
Examining the Geological and Mineralogical Availability of the Mineral Painite, One of the Most Valuable Gemstones in the World; Is there Painite in Türkiye?
Abstract
Although more than 4.000 minerals discovered in the world to date, some of them are very valuable in terms of collection because they are very rare in nature. One of the rarest and most valuable minerals in the world is painite [CaZrB(Al9O18)]. After its discovery in Myanmar (Burma) in southeast Asia in the 1950s, research has been constantly carried out on the possibility of this rare collectible and jewelry stone being found in other countries due to its very high value. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the mineralogical and gemological properties of the mineral painite can be searched for and found in Türkiye. It is known that painites are geologically formed and found in skarn belts at the contacts of leucogranite of magmatic origin and marbles of metamorphic origin. As a result, if painite is to be sought in Türkiye and evaluated as a gemstone; the percentage amounts of the elements Ca, Zr and B must be taken into consideration as well as corundum, spinel, etc. in the geochemical composition of this mineral. It should be searched in geological environments of minerals; in particular, metamorphism contacts (skarn belts) and/or their alluviums should be investigated at the contact between igneous rocks and carbonate rocks.
References
- Armbruster, T., Dobelin, N., Peretti, A., Gunther, D., Reusser, E. & Grobety, B. (2004). The crystal structure of painite CaZrB[Al9O18] revisited. American Mineralogist, 89, 610-613. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2004-0415
- Ay, A.M., Hatipoğlu, M., Günel, H., Kılınçarslan, S. ve Velioğlu, T. (2013). Doğanşehir (Malatya) yakut oluşumlarının yayılımının tespiti ve oluşum kökenine ait yaklaşımlar [Determination of ruby formation and approaches to the origin in Doğanşehir (Malatya)]. 66.. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı (1-5 Nisan), Ankara, 222-223.
- Berry, L.G., Mason, B. & Dietrich, R.V. (1983). Mineralogy, 2nd Ed. W.H. Freeman and Co. USA.
- Claringbull-Gordon, F., Hey M. H. & Payne, C. J. (1957). Painite, a new mineral from Mogok, Burma. Mineralogical Magazine, 31, 42-425. https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1957.031.236.11
- Hatipoğlu, M., Türk, N., Chamberlain, S. C. & Akgün, A. M. (2010). Gem-quality transparent diaspore (zultanite) in bauxite deposits of the İlbir Mountains, Menderes Massif, SW Turkey. Mineralium Deposita, 45(2), 201-205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-009-0262-2
- Hatipoğlu. M. (2011). Al(Fe,Ti,Si)-mobility and secondary mineralization implications: A case study of the karst unconformity diasporite-type bauxite horizons in Milas (Muğla). Journal of African Earth Sciences, 60(3), 175-195. https://doi.org/101016/J.Jafrearsci.2011.02.009
- Hatipoğlu. M. & Çoban, E. (2021). Gem-quality blue sapphires (Al2O3-corundum variety) from the Milas-Yatağan region, Muğla, Turkey. Academia Letters, Article 4085, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.20935/AL4085
- Hatipoğlu, M., Çoban, E., Çil, V., Babalık, H. ve Güney, H. (2022). Türkiye’nin süstaşı kalitesindeki korundum (Al2O3) mineral (mavi safir) yatağı; Oluşumları ve Gemolojiksel özellikleri [Gem quality corundum (Al2O3) mineral (blue sapphire) deposit from Turkey; Their formation and gemological characteristics]. International Black Sea Modern Scientific Research Congress Full Text Book (s. 46-56), (September 29,-October 02) Rize-Türkiye.
- Hatipoğlu, M. & Çoban, E. (2023). Painite [CaZrB(Al9O18)] crystal, one of the rarest and popular gemstones in the world; in the case of legends about its presence in Türkiye, mineralogical properties, similar stones that can be mixed and scientific approaches. 2nd International İzmi̇r Congress (October 14-16) on Life, Engineering, and Applied Sciences Proceedings Book (p.:16). İzmir, Türkiye.
- Hollabaugh, C.L. & Foit, F. F. (1984). The crystal structure of an Al-rich titanite from Grisons, Switzerland. Amerikan Mineralogist, 69(7-8), 725-732. database_code_amcsd 0000942
- Kaydu-Akbudak, İ., Gürbüz, M., Başıbüyük, Z., Hatipoğlu, M., Öztüfekçi-Önal, A. & İşler, F. (2021). Mineralogical and gemological characteristics of metaophiolite hosted corundum (Malatya-Türkiye). Sakarya University Journal of Science, 25(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.644002
- Krauskopf, K. B. (1982). Introduction to Geochemistry., International Student Edition. Mc Graw-Hill Book Co. Lafuente B, Downs R T, Yang H & Stone N. (2015). The power of databases: the RRUFF project. In T. Armbruster & R. M. Danisi (Eds.), Highlights in Mineralogical Crystallography (p.: 1-3). Berlin, Germany, W. De Gruyter, pp 1-3.
- MacFall, R. P. (1969). Gem Hunter’s Guide – Handbook fort the Amateur Collector (Find and Identify Gem Minerals, Includes a Complete Directory of the Best Hunting Localities), Reprint Edition. Thomas Y. Crowell Co.
- Moore, P. B. & Araki, T. (1976). Painite, CaZrB[Al9O18]: Its crystal structure and relation to jeremejevite, B5[X3Al6(OH)3O15], and fluoborite, B3[Mg9(F,OH)9O9]. American Mineralogist, 61(1-2), 88-94.
- Shigley. J. E., Kampf, A. R. & Rossman, G. R. (1986). New data on painite. Mineralogical Magazine, 50, 267-270. https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1986.050.356.09
- Peretti, A. (2003). New findings of painite. Contributions to Gemology, 2, 19-20.
- Tsirelson, V., Antipin, M., Gerr, R., Ozerov, R. & Struchkov, Y. (1985). Ruby structure peculiarities derived from X-ray data. Localization of chromium atoms and electron deformation density, Physica Status Solidi A87, 425-433, database_code_amcsd 0015110. https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210870204
- Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA-CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2021.43
- Webster, R. (1994). Gems, Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification. Butterworths, Sevenoaks, UK, 1027s. Wyckoff R.
- Wyckoff, G. (1963). Crystal Structures 1, Second edition. Interscience Publishers, (p. 239-444) New York, New York, _database_code_amcsd 0011762
- URL 1, (2023). Painite, http://minerals.gps.caltech.edu/files/visible/painite/Wetloo_Mine-915.jpg
- URL 2, (2023). Painite, https://geologyscience.com/gemstone/painite/#jp-carousel-11364
- URL 3, (2023). Painite, www.mindat.org
- URL 4, (2023). Painite, www.webmineral.com
- URL 5, (2023). Painite, www.gemdat.org
- URL 6, (2023). GoogleEarth, https://earth.google.com/web/@0,-3.2872998,0a,22251752.77375655d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=OgMKATA
- Yeniyol, M. (2010). Teknik Mineraloji ve Petrografi (Szymanski, Andrzey’den çeviri). İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayın No: 4910.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Mineralogy- Petrography, Geological Sciences and Engineering (Other) |
| Journal Section | Makaleler - Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | April 10, 2024 |
| Publication Date | April 25, 2024 |
| Submission Date | December 3, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | February 20, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 |
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