Research Article
Year 2018,
Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 71 - 76, 30.03.2018
Abstract
The common goal of
the Water Framework Directive (WFD) published by The European Parliament and
European Council and the Regulation on the Management of Surface Water Quality
Directive (RMSWQ) published by the Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Forestry and
Water Affairs, is to provide all water bodies to achieve a fine ecological
status. These directives require the use of relevant biological quality
elements and diatoms constitute an important group within these elements. The
use of diatom based indices for assessing ecological conditions in inland water
systems is increasing day by day. The current study was performed with the aim
of determination of the ecological status of the Taşmanlı Pond based on
epilithic diatoms, physico-chemical parameters and to estimate pond water
quality using diatom indices. For this purpose, epilithic diatom and water
samples were collected from 3 stations in the pond in monthly intervals from
March 2008 to March 2009. The identifications of the sampled revealed presence
of a total of 46 taxa in the sampled stations. Achnanthidium minutissimum (Kützing) Czarnecki, Nitzschia acicularis (Kützing) W. Smith,
Navicula cincta (Ehrenberg) Ralfs in
Pritchard and Navicula cryptocephala
Kützing were the dominant taxa in all stations. According to Regulation on the
Management of Surface Water Quality directive, the pond water was classified as
III-IV quality class and trophic status changed from mesotrophic to eutrophic.
Significant correlation was determined between LTDI (Lake Trophic Diatom Index)
and EQR (Ecological Quality Ratio). The values of LTDI and EQR indicate that,
pond water has class III (poor, moderately polluted site) water quality.
References
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- 2. Anonymous. 2000. Water Framework Directive (WFD). Directive 2000/60/EC, The European Parliament and European Council.
- 3. Anonymous. 2015. Regulation on the Management of Surface Water Quality in Turkey (RMSWQT). Republıc of Turkey, Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs.
- 4. APHA.1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th ed., Washington.
- 5. Barlas, M. Mumcu, M.F. Dirican, S. and Solak, C.N. 2001. Sarıçay (Milas)’da yaşayan epilitik diyatomelerin su kalitesine bağlı olarak incelenmesi, 5-8 Ekim 2001 Bodrum.IV. Ulusal Ekoloji ve Çevre Kongresi.
- 6. Barlas, M. Mumcu, M.F. Solak, C.N. and Çoban, O. 2002. Akçapınar Deresi ve Kadın Azmağı Deresi (Muğla) epilitik alg florasının su kalitesine bağlı olarak incelenmesi. 4-7 Eylül 2002 Malatya VI. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi.
- 7. Bennion, H., Fluin, J. & Simpson, G. L. 2004. Assessing Eutrophication and Reference Conditions for Scottish Freshwater Lochs Using Subfossil Diatoms. Journal of Applied Ecology, 41: 124-138.
- 8. Bennion, H., Kelly, M. G., Juggins, S., Yallop, M. L., Burgess, A., Jamieson, J. & Krokowski, J. 2014. Assessment of Ecological Status in UK Lakes Using Benthic Diatoms. Freshwater Science, 33(2): 639-654.
- 9. Brummitt, R.K. & Powell, C.E. 1992. Authors of Plant Names. A List of Authors of Scientific Names of Plants, With Recommended Standard Forms of Their Names, İncluding Abbreviations. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Pp [4],732 p. ISBN: 0-947643-44-23.
- 10. Clarke, K.R. 1993. Non-Parametric Multivariate Analyses of Changes in Community Structure. Australian Journal of Ecology, 18: 117-143.
- 11. Dalkıran, N. Karacaoğlu, N. Dere, Ş. and Şentürk, E. 2008. Orhaneli Çayı’nın Kirlilik Düzeyinin Diyatomelere Dayandırılarak Saptanması. 23-27 Haziran, 19. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi Özet Kitapçığı, 228. sayfa, Trabzon.
- 12. Della Bella, V., Puccinelli, C., Marcheggiani, S. & Mancini, L. 2007. Benthic diatom communities and their relationship to water chemistry in wetlands of central Italy. In Annales de Limnologie-International Journal of Limnology (Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 89-99). EDP Sciences.
- 13. Hall, R. I., Smol, J. P., & Smol, J. P. 1999. Diatoms as indicators of lake eutrophication. The diatoms: applications for the environmental and earth sciences, 128-168.
- 14. Gönülol, A. 2017. Turkishalgae Electronic Publication, Samsun, Turkey. http://turkiyealgleri.omu.edu.tr Date accessed: Jun 2017
- 15. Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2017. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. www.algaebase.org Date accessed: 15 Jun 2017, 16 p.
- 16. Gümüş, F. 2010. Taşmanlı Göleti (Sinop) Kıyı Bölgesi Algleri Üzerine Nitel ve Nicel Araştırmalar. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 48 p. Samsun.
- 17. Gürbüz, H. and Kıvrak, E. 2002. Use of epilithic diatoms to evaluate water quality in the Karasu River of Turkey. J. Environmental Biology, 23(3): 239-246.
- 18. Hajnal, É., Stenger-Kovács, C. & Padisák, J. 2009. DILSTORE Software for Ecological Status Assessment of Lakes Based on Benthic Diatoms. Fottea, 9: 351-354.
- 19. Kalyoncu, H. 2002. Aksu Çayı'nın Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Biyolojik Olarak İncelenmesi. Doktora Tezi. S.D.Ü. Fen Bilimler Enstitüsü, Isparta, 155 s.
- 20. Kalyoncu, H. Çiçek, N.L. Akköz, C. and Yorulmaz, B. 2009. Comparative performance of diatom indices in aquatic pollution assessment. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 4(10): 1032-1040.
- 21. Karacaoğlu, N. Dalkıran, N. Dere, Ş. and Şentürk, E. 2008. Emet Çayı’nın Kirlilik Düzeyinin Diyatomelere Dayandırılarak Saptanması. 23-27 Haziran, 19. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi Özet Kitapçığı, 228. sayfa, Trabzon.
- 22. Kelly, M. G., Bennion, H., Cox, E. J., Goldsmith, B., Jamieson, J., Juggins, S., Mann, D.G. & Telford, R. J. 2005. Common Freshwater Diatoms of Britain and Ireland: An İnteractive Key. Environment Agency, Bristol.
- 23. Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. 1991a. Bacillariophyceae, Band, 2/3 3,. Teil :Centrales, Fragillariaceae, Eunotiaceae. Gustav Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart, 576pp.
- 24. Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. 1991b. Süßwasserflora von Mitteluropa Bacillariophyceae, Band, 2/4 4,. Teil:Acnanthaceae, Kritische Erganzungen zu Navicula (Lineolatae) und Gomphonema Gesamtliteraturverzeichnis. Gustav Ficher- Verlag, Stuttgart, 437 pp.
- 25. Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. 1999a. Süßwasserflora von Mitteluropa Bacillariophyceae, Band 2/1, 1.Teil :Naviculaceae. Spectrum Academischer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin.
- 26. Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. 1999b. Süßwasserflora von Mitteluropa Bacillariophyceae, Band 2/2, 2.Teil: Bacillariaceae, Epithemiaceae, Surirellaceae. Spectrum Academischer -Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin.
- 27. Kelly, M.G. & Whitton, B.A. 1995. The Trophic Diatom Index: A New İndex for Monitoring Eutrophication in Rivers. Journal of Applied Phycology, 7: 433-444.
- 28. Pielou, E.C. 1975. Ecological Diversity. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 165 p.
- 29. Potapova, M., and P. B. Hamilton. 2007. Morphological and ecological variation within the Achnanthidium minutissimum (Bacillariophyceae) species complex. Journal of Phycology 45:561-575.
- 30. Renberg, I. 1990. A Procedure for Preparing Large Sets of Diatom Slides from Sediment Cores. Journal of Paleolimnology, 4: 87-90.
- 31. Round, F.E. 1953. An Investigation of Two Benthic Algal Communites in Malharm Tarn, Yorkshire. Journal of Ecology, 41:174-197.
- 32. Round, F.E., Crawford, R.M. & Mann, D.G. 1990. The Diatoms: Biology and Morphology of the Genera. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 746 p.
- 33. Shannon, C.E. & Weaver W. 1949. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. Univ. Of Illionis Press, Urbana, 144 p.
- 34. Sims P.A. (1996). An Atlas of British Diatoms. Biopress Ltd., England, 601 s.
- 35. Solak, C.N. 2009. The Determination of Pollution in Felent Stream by using Some Aquatic Organisms. Ph.D. Thesis, Dumlupınar University, 143pp [in Turkish].
- 36. Solak, C.N. 2011. The application of diatom indices in the Upper Porsuk River, Kütahya-Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11(1): 31-36.
- 37. Solak, C.N. Fehér, G. Barlas, M. and Pabuçcu, K. 2007a. Use of epilithic diatoms to evaluate water quality of Akçay Stream (Büyük Menderes River) in Mugla/Turkey. Archiv Für Hydrobiologie Suppl., 161 (3-4), Large Rivers, 17 (3-4): 327-338.
- 38. Solak, C.N. Ács, É. and Pabuçcu, K. 2007b. BDI (Biyolojik Diyatome İndeksi) İndeksine Göre Düden Şelalesi (Antalya) Su Kalitesinin Durumu. 10-13 Eylül 2007 Malatya 7. Ulusal Ekoloji ve Çevre Sempozyumu Özet Kitapçığı 184 s.
- 39. Solak, C.N. Àcs, É. and Dayioglu, H. 2009. The application of diatom indices in Felent Creek (Porsuk-Kütahya). Diatomededlingen, 33: 107-109.
- 40. Solak, C.N. & Ács, É. 2011. Water Qualıty Monıtorıng ın European and Turkısh Rıvers Usıng Diatoms. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11(2): 329-337.
- 41. Stenger-Kovács, C., Buczko, K., Hajnal, E. & Padisák J. 2007. Epiphytic, Littoral Diatoms as Bioindicators of Shallow Lake Trophic Status: Trophic Diatom Index for Lakes (TDIL) Developed in Hungary. Hydrobiologia, 589(1): 141-154.
- 42. Taylor, J.C., Harding, W.R. & Archibald, C.G.M. 2007. An Illustrated Guide to Some Common Diatom Species from South Africa. Pretoria: Water Research Commission, 225 p.
- 43. Van Dam, H., Mertens, A. & Sinkeldam, J. 1994. A coded checklist and ecological indicator values of freshwater diatoms from the Netherlands. Aquatic Ecology, 28(1): 117-133.
- 44. WFD-UKTAG, 2014. Phytobenthos – Diatoms for Assessing River and Lake Ecological Quality (DARLEQ2). Water Framework Directive – United Kingdom Technical Advisory Group (WFD-UKTAG), Scotland.
Year 2018,
Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 71 - 76, 30.03.2018
Abstract
Avrupa
Parlementosu ve Avrupa Birliği tarafından yayınlanan Su Çerçeve Direktifi (WFD)
ve Türkiye’de “Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Su Yönetimi Genel Müdürlüğü”
tarafından yayınlanan “Yüzey Suları Su Kalite Yönetmeliği”nin ortak hedefi, tüm
su kütlelerinin iyi bir ekolojik statüye ulaşmasıdır. Bu yönetmelikler, amaca
uygun biyolojik kalite öğelerini kullanmayı gerektirmektedir ve diyatomeler bu
öğeler içerisinde oldukça önemli bir grubu oluşturmaktadır. Diyatome temelli
indislerin içsu kütlelerinde ekolojik parametrelerin belirlenmesi amacı ile
kullanımı günden güne artış göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, Taşmanlı Göleti’nin
ekolojik durumunun değerlendirilmesinde epilitik diyatomelerin, fizikokimyasal
parametrelerin ve diyatome indislerinin ekolojik kalitenin belirlenmesinde, bir
araç olarak test edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu nedenle, Mart 2008 - Mart 2009
tarihleri arasında göletten alınan diyatome ve su örnekleri analizleri
sonucunda, toplam 46 takson gözlenmiştir. Bunlardan Achnanthidium minutissimum (Kützing) Czarnecki, Nitzschia acicularis (Kützing) W.Smith.,
Navicula cincta (Ehrenberg.) Ralfs in
Pritchard, Navicula cryptocephala
Kützing tüm istasyonlardaki baskın türlerdir. Yapılan fizikokimyasal testler
sonucu gölet suyu “Yüzeysel Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği” ne göre III-IV kalite
sınıfı olarak sınıflandırılmış ve trofik durumu mezotrofiden ötrofiye doğru
değişmiştir. LTDI (Göl Trofik Diatom İndeksi) ve EQR (Ekolojik Kalite Oranı)
değerleri gölet suyunun sınıf III (tamamen kirli alan) su kalitesine sahip
olduğunu göstermektedir.
References
- 1. Akbulut, N. Akbulut, A. Günsel, S. and Solak, C.N. 2010. Use of epilithic diatoms to evaluate water quality of Kızılırmak River. Hacettepe University Fund, No: 0701601006, final report [in Turkish].
- 2. Anonymous. 2000. Water Framework Directive (WFD). Directive 2000/60/EC, The European Parliament and European Council.
- 3. Anonymous. 2015. Regulation on the Management of Surface Water Quality in Turkey (RMSWQT). Republıc of Turkey, Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs.
- 4. APHA.1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th ed., Washington.
- 5. Barlas, M. Mumcu, M.F. Dirican, S. and Solak, C.N. 2001. Sarıçay (Milas)’da yaşayan epilitik diyatomelerin su kalitesine bağlı olarak incelenmesi, 5-8 Ekim 2001 Bodrum.IV. Ulusal Ekoloji ve Çevre Kongresi.
- 6. Barlas, M. Mumcu, M.F. Solak, C.N. and Çoban, O. 2002. Akçapınar Deresi ve Kadın Azmağı Deresi (Muğla) epilitik alg florasının su kalitesine bağlı olarak incelenmesi. 4-7 Eylül 2002 Malatya VI. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi.
- 7. Bennion, H., Fluin, J. & Simpson, G. L. 2004. Assessing Eutrophication and Reference Conditions for Scottish Freshwater Lochs Using Subfossil Diatoms. Journal of Applied Ecology, 41: 124-138.
- 8. Bennion, H., Kelly, M. G., Juggins, S., Yallop, M. L., Burgess, A., Jamieson, J. & Krokowski, J. 2014. Assessment of Ecological Status in UK Lakes Using Benthic Diatoms. Freshwater Science, 33(2): 639-654.
- 9. Brummitt, R.K. & Powell, C.E. 1992. Authors of Plant Names. A List of Authors of Scientific Names of Plants, With Recommended Standard Forms of Their Names, İncluding Abbreviations. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Pp [4],732 p. ISBN: 0-947643-44-23.
- 10. Clarke, K.R. 1993. Non-Parametric Multivariate Analyses of Changes in Community Structure. Australian Journal of Ecology, 18: 117-143.
- 11. Dalkıran, N. Karacaoğlu, N. Dere, Ş. and Şentürk, E. 2008. Orhaneli Çayı’nın Kirlilik Düzeyinin Diyatomelere Dayandırılarak Saptanması. 23-27 Haziran, 19. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi Özet Kitapçığı, 228. sayfa, Trabzon.
- 12. Della Bella, V., Puccinelli, C., Marcheggiani, S. & Mancini, L. 2007. Benthic diatom communities and their relationship to water chemistry in wetlands of central Italy. In Annales de Limnologie-International Journal of Limnology (Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 89-99). EDP Sciences.
- 13. Hall, R. I., Smol, J. P., & Smol, J. P. 1999. Diatoms as indicators of lake eutrophication. The diatoms: applications for the environmental and earth sciences, 128-168.
- 14. Gönülol, A. 2017. Turkishalgae Electronic Publication, Samsun, Turkey. http://turkiyealgleri.omu.edu.tr Date accessed: Jun 2017
- 15. Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2017. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. www.algaebase.org Date accessed: 15 Jun 2017, 16 p.
- 16. Gümüş, F. 2010. Taşmanlı Göleti (Sinop) Kıyı Bölgesi Algleri Üzerine Nitel ve Nicel Araştırmalar. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 48 p. Samsun.
- 17. Gürbüz, H. and Kıvrak, E. 2002. Use of epilithic diatoms to evaluate water quality in the Karasu River of Turkey. J. Environmental Biology, 23(3): 239-246.
- 18. Hajnal, É., Stenger-Kovács, C. & Padisák, J. 2009. DILSTORE Software for Ecological Status Assessment of Lakes Based on Benthic Diatoms. Fottea, 9: 351-354.
- 19. Kalyoncu, H. 2002. Aksu Çayı'nın Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Biyolojik Olarak İncelenmesi. Doktora Tezi. S.D.Ü. Fen Bilimler Enstitüsü, Isparta, 155 s.
- 20. Kalyoncu, H. Çiçek, N.L. Akköz, C. and Yorulmaz, B. 2009. Comparative performance of diatom indices in aquatic pollution assessment. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 4(10): 1032-1040.
- 21. Karacaoğlu, N. Dalkıran, N. Dere, Ş. and Şentürk, E. 2008. Emet Çayı’nın Kirlilik Düzeyinin Diyatomelere Dayandırılarak Saptanması. 23-27 Haziran, 19. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi Özet Kitapçığı, 228. sayfa, Trabzon.
- 22. Kelly, M. G., Bennion, H., Cox, E. J., Goldsmith, B., Jamieson, J., Juggins, S., Mann, D.G. & Telford, R. J. 2005. Common Freshwater Diatoms of Britain and Ireland: An İnteractive Key. Environment Agency, Bristol.
- 23. Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. 1991a. Bacillariophyceae, Band, 2/3 3,. Teil :Centrales, Fragillariaceae, Eunotiaceae. Gustav Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart, 576pp.
- 24. Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. 1991b. Süßwasserflora von Mitteluropa Bacillariophyceae, Band, 2/4 4,. Teil:Acnanthaceae, Kritische Erganzungen zu Navicula (Lineolatae) und Gomphonema Gesamtliteraturverzeichnis. Gustav Ficher- Verlag, Stuttgart, 437 pp.
- 25. Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. 1999a. Süßwasserflora von Mitteluropa Bacillariophyceae, Band 2/1, 1.Teil :Naviculaceae. Spectrum Academischer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin.
- 26. Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. 1999b. Süßwasserflora von Mitteluropa Bacillariophyceae, Band 2/2, 2.Teil: Bacillariaceae, Epithemiaceae, Surirellaceae. Spectrum Academischer -Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin.
- 27. Kelly, M.G. & Whitton, B.A. 1995. The Trophic Diatom Index: A New İndex for Monitoring Eutrophication in Rivers. Journal of Applied Phycology, 7: 433-444.
- 28. Pielou, E.C. 1975. Ecological Diversity. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 165 p.
- 29. Potapova, M., and P. B. Hamilton. 2007. Morphological and ecological variation within the Achnanthidium minutissimum (Bacillariophyceae) species complex. Journal of Phycology 45:561-575.
- 30. Renberg, I. 1990. A Procedure for Preparing Large Sets of Diatom Slides from Sediment Cores. Journal of Paleolimnology, 4: 87-90.
- 31. Round, F.E. 1953. An Investigation of Two Benthic Algal Communites in Malharm Tarn, Yorkshire. Journal of Ecology, 41:174-197.
- 32. Round, F.E., Crawford, R.M. & Mann, D.G. 1990. The Diatoms: Biology and Morphology of the Genera. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 746 p.
- 33. Shannon, C.E. & Weaver W. 1949. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. Univ. Of Illionis Press, Urbana, 144 p.
- 34. Sims P.A. (1996). An Atlas of British Diatoms. Biopress Ltd., England, 601 s.
- 35. Solak, C.N. 2009. The Determination of Pollution in Felent Stream by using Some Aquatic Organisms. Ph.D. Thesis, Dumlupınar University, 143pp [in Turkish].
- 36. Solak, C.N. 2011. The application of diatom indices in the Upper Porsuk River, Kütahya-Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11(1): 31-36.
- 37. Solak, C.N. Fehér, G. Barlas, M. and Pabuçcu, K. 2007a. Use of epilithic diatoms to evaluate water quality of Akçay Stream (Büyük Menderes River) in Mugla/Turkey. Archiv Für Hydrobiologie Suppl., 161 (3-4), Large Rivers, 17 (3-4): 327-338.
- 38. Solak, C.N. Ács, É. and Pabuçcu, K. 2007b. BDI (Biyolojik Diyatome İndeksi) İndeksine Göre Düden Şelalesi (Antalya) Su Kalitesinin Durumu. 10-13 Eylül 2007 Malatya 7. Ulusal Ekoloji ve Çevre Sempozyumu Özet Kitapçığı 184 s.
- 39. Solak, C.N. Àcs, É. and Dayioglu, H. 2009. The application of diatom indices in Felent Creek (Porsuk-Kütahya). Diatomededlingen, 33: 107-109.
- 40. Solak, C.N. & Ács, É. 2011. Water Qualıty Monıtorıng ın European and Turkısh Rıvers Usıng Diatoms. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11(2): 329-337.
- 41. Stenger-Kovács, C., Buczko, K., Hajnal, E. & Padisák J. 2007. Epiphytic, Littoral Diatoms as Bioindicators of Shallow Lake Trophic Status: Trophic Diatom Index for Lakes (TDIL) Developed in Hungary. Hydrobiologia, 589(1): 141-154.
- 42. Taylor, J.C., Harding, W.R. & Archibald, C.G.M. 2007. An Illustrated Guide to Some Common Diatom Species from South Africa. Pretoria: Water Research Commission, 225 p.
- 43. Van Dam, H., Mertens, A. & Sinkeldam, J. 1994. A coded checklist and ecological indicator values of freshwater diatoms from the Netherlands. Aquatic Ecology, 28(1): 117-133.
- 44. WFD-UKTAG, 2014. Phytobenthos – Diatoms for Assessing River and Lake Ecological Quality (DARLEQ2). Water Framework Directive – United Kingdom Technical Advisory Group (WFD-UKTAG), Scotland.
There are 44 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Structural Biology |
| Journal Section | Research Article/Araştırma Makalesi |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 30, 2018 |
| Submission Date | September 22, 2017 |
| Acceptance Date | March 21, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 |
Cite
Cited By
Aksaz Sulak Alanının Bentik Diyatome Topluluğu ve İndekslerine Göre Ekolojik Değerlendirmesi
Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1208907
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