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DETERMINING THE USAGE POSSIBILITIES OF SOME INDUSTRIAL WASTES IN THE GROWTH OF OYSTER MUSHROOM (Pleurotus ostreatus)

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 187 - 197, 30.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.873917

Abstract

The potential of using industrial waste, textile wastes and olive pulp wastes, has been investigated in determining the cultivation possibilities of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). The effects on mycelium growth, harvest time, total time, yield and biological efficiency (BE) were determined in substrates prepared 100 % textile wastes, 100 % olive pulp wastes and by mixing 75%, 50% and 25% oak sawdust into these wastes (T), olive pulp (Z) and these wastes. While substrates with 100% olive waste and 75%, 50% and 25% olive waste additives showed a slightly acidic effect, substrates with 100% textile wastes and 75%, 50% and 25% textile wastes were slightly basic. It has been determined that slightly acidic substrates shorten the mycelium growth time. The high nitrogen content of the substrates caused low yields. Nevertheless, the highest yield and biological efficiency rate was obtained from oak sawdust substrate, which are 75% added to both industrial waste. It was determined that the highest carbon / nitrogen ratio was obtained as a result of the best yield and biological efficiency value among all substrates. Very good values were obtained in the morphological properties of the mushrooms obtained. As a result of the study, it has been shown that textile wastes (T) and olive pulp wastes (Z) can be used as raw materials in the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms.

References

  • Baldrian, P. & Valaskova, V. (2008) Degradation of cellulose by basidiomycetous fungi. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 32(3), 501-521.
  • Bellettini, M. B., Fiorda, F. A. & Bellettini, S. (2015) Aspectos gerais to cultivo de cogumelo Pleurotus ostreatus e djamor pela tecnica Jun-Cao. Apprehendere, Guarapuava (in Portuges).
  • Beelman, R.D., Royse, D. & Chikthimmah, N., (2003) Bioactive components in Agaricus bisporus Imbach. of nutritional, medicinal or biological importance. Int. J. Med. Mushrooms, 5, 321-337.
  • Breene, W.M. (1990) Nutrional and medicinal value of speciality mushrooms. Journal of Food Protection 53 (10), 883-894.
  • Chang, S. & Miles, P. (2009) Mushrooms Cultivation, Nutritional Value. Medicinal Effect and Environmental Impact, Washington, 477 p.
  • Cueva, M. B. R., Hernández, A. & Niño-Ruiz, Z. (2017) Influence of C/N ratio on productivity and the protein contents of Pleurotus ostreatus grown in differents residue mixtures. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias,49 (2), 331-344.
  • Daba, A.S. & Ezeronye, O. U. (2003) Anti-cancer effect of polysaccharides isolated from higher basidiomycetes mushrooms. African Journal of Biotechnology, 2 (12), 672-678.
  • Dubey, D., Dhakal , B., Dhami , K., Sapkota, P., Rana, M., Poudel, N.S. & Aryal, L. (2019) Comparative study on effect of different substrates on yield performance of oyster mushroom. Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture, Health Sciences, 8, 1.
  • Garg, V. & Gupta, R. (2009) Vermicomposting of agro-industrial processing waste. In P. S. N. Nigam & A. Pandey (Eds.), Biotechnology for agro-industrial residues utilization (pp. 431-456). Netherlands: Springer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9942-7_24.
  • Getahun, A. (2011) Successful Oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) Mushroom cultivation substrates performance, yield, quality and efficiency of mushroom production. Publisher: VDM Verlag Dr. Muller GMBH & Co. KG. USA.
  • Girmay, Z., Gorems, W., Birhanu, G. & Zewdie, S. (2016) Growth and yield performance of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. Fr.) Kumm (oyster mushroom) on different substrates. AMB Expr . 6,87. DOI 10.1186/s13568-016-0265-1.
  • Hernandez, D., Sanchez, E. J. & Yamasaki, K. (2003) A simple procedure for preparing substrate for Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation. Bioresource Technology, 90(2), 145-150. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00118-4
  • Hlerema, I. N., Eiasu, K.B. & Koch, S.H. (2017) Pineapple (Ananas comusus) plant material as supplement for maize residue-based oyster mushroom substrate and reduction of cadmium soil contamination. Hortscıence, 52(4),667–671. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI10880-16
  • Huang, Q.I., Jin, Y., Zhang, L.N., Cheung, C.K. & Kennedy, J.F. (2007) Structure, molecular size and antitumor activities of polysaccarides from Poria cocus mycelia produced in fermenter. Carbonhydrate Polymers, 70, 324-333.
  • Jandaik, C. L. & Goyal, S. P. (1995) Farm and farming of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp.). In R. P. Singh & H. S. Chaube (Eds.), Mushroom production technology (pp. 72-78). Tehri Garhwal: Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology.
  • Jayakumar, T., Ramesh, E. & Geraldine, P. (2006) Antioxidant activity of the oyster mushroom, P. ostreatus, on CCI4 –induced liver injury in rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 44, 1989-1996.
  • Jayakumar, T., Thomas, P.A. & Geraldine, P. (2007) Protective effect of an extract of the oyster mushroom , P. ostreatus, on antioxidant of majör organs of aged rats. Experimental Gerontology, 42, 183-191.
  • Kües, U. & Liu, Y. (2000) Fruiting body production in basidiomycetes. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 54(2), 141-152. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530000396. PMid:10968625.
  • Kwon, H. v Kim, S.B. (2004) Mushroom grower’s handbook. 1: Bag cultivation, in: Oyster mushroom cultivation. Mushworld, Korea Republic, 160-173.
  • Marlina, L., Sukotju, S. & Marsudi, S. (2015) Potential of oil palm empty fruit bunch as media for oyster mushrom, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation, Procedia Chemistry , 16, 427-431.
  • Moradali, M.F., Mostafavi, H., Ghods, S. & Hedjaroude, G.A. (2007) Immunomodulating and anticancer agents in the realm of macromycetes fungi(macrofungi). International Immuno pharmacology, 7, 701-724.
  • Obodai M, Cleland-Okine J. & Vowotor K. (2003) Comparative study on the growth and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom on different lignocellulosic by-products. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. 30(3),146-9.
  • Pathania, S., Sharma, N. & Gupta, D. (2017) A study on cultivation and yield performance of oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) on wheat straw mixed with horticultural waste (apple pomace) in different ratio and their nutritional evaluation. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(8), 2940-2953.
  • Regina, M.M.G., Elisabeth, W., Jamile, R. R., Jorge, I.N. & Sandra, A.F. (2008) Alternative medium for production of p. ostreatus biomass and potential antitumor polysaccarides. Bioresource Technology, 99, 76-82.
  • Ritota, M. & Manzi, P. (2019) Pleurotus spp. cultivation on different agri-food by-products: example of biotechnological application. Sustainability, 11, 5049. doi:10.3390/su11185049
  • Rout, S. & Banerjee, R. (2007) Free Radical scavenging antiglycation and tyrosinase inhibition properties of a polysaccaride fraction isolated from the ring from Punica granatum. Bioresource Technology, 98(16), 3159-3163.
  • Sánchez, C. (2010). Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus and other edible mushrooms. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 85(5), 1321-1337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-009-2343-7. PMid:19956947.
  • Düzkale Sözbir, G., Bektaş, İ., Zulkadir, A., 2015. Lignocellulosic Wastes Used for the Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus Mushrooms: Effects on Productivity, Bioresources, 10 (3) 4686-4693.
  • Tesfaw, A., TadesseA. & Kiros, G. (2015) Optimization of oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) mushroom cultivation using locally available substrates and materials in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. Journal of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, 3 (01), 015-020. DOI: 10.7324/JABB.2015.3103.
  • TR, K., TAM, D., TM, N., NA, A. & AM, M. (2016) Effect of local substrates on the growth and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus K. in the North West Region. Cameroon, Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology, 6 (1), 11–19.
  • Tsegaye, Z. & Tefera, G. (2017) Cultivation of oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus kumm, 1871) using agro ındustrial residues. Journal of Applied Microbiological Research, 1, 1.
  • Yildiz, S., Yildiz, U. C., Gezer, E. D. & Temiz, A. (2003) Some lignocellulosic wastes used as raw material in cultivation of the Pleurotus ostreatus culture mushroom. Process Biochemistry 38(3), 301-306. DOI: 10.1016/S0032-9592(02)00040-7
  • Wang, H.X., Gao, J. Q. & Ng, T.B. (2000) A new lectin with highly potent antihepatoma and antisarcoma activities from the oyster mushroom P. ostreatus. Biochemical and biophysical Research Communications, 275, 810-816.
  • Wang, D., Sakoda, A. & Suzuki, M. (2001) Biological efficiency and nutritional value of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated on spent beer grain. Bioresource Technology, 78(3), 293-300. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00002-5
  • Zervakis, G. & Balis, C. (1992) Comparative study on the cultural characters of pleurotus species under the influence of different substrates and fruiting temperatures. Micologia Neotropical Aplicade, 5 (1), 39-47.
  • Zhang, R., Li, X., & Fadel, J. (2002). Oyster mushroom cultivation with rice and wheat straw. Bioresource Technology, 82(3), 277-284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00188-2. PMid:11991077.
  • Zhang, M., Cui, S.W., Chueng, P.C. & Wang, K. Q. (2007) Antitumor polysaccarides from mushrooms: a review on their isolation process, structural characteristic and antitumor activity. Trends in food Science and Technology, 18, 4-19.

İSTİRİDYE MANTARININ (Pleurotus ostreatus) YETİŞTİRİLMESİNDE BAZI ENDÜSTRİYEL ATIKLARIN KULLANIM OLANAKLARININ BELİRLENMESİ

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 187 - 197, 30.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.873917

Abstract

İstiridye mantarının (Pleurotus ostreatus) kültivasyon olanaklarının belirlenmesinde endüstriyel atıklardan iplik fabrikası lif atığı(Tekstil fabrikası atığı) ve zeytin posasının kullanılma potansiyeli araştırılmıştır. %100 iplik fabrikası lif atığı (T), %100 zeytin posası(Z) atığı ve bu atıklara %75, %50 ve %25 oranlarında meşe talaşı karıştırılarak hazırlanan ortamlarda, misel gelişimi, hasat süresi, toplam zaman, verim ve biyolojik etkinlik (BE) üzerindeki etkileri belirlenmiştir. %100 zeytin ve %75, %50 ve %25 zeytin katkılı ortamlar hafif asidik etki gösterirken, %100 iplik fabrikası atığı ve %75, %50 ve %25 iplik fabrikası atığı katkılı ortamlar hafif bazik etki göstermiştir. Hafif asidik ortamların misel gelişim süresini kısalttığı belirlenmiştir. Ortamların yüksek azot içermesi verim değerlerinin düşük olmasına neden olmuştur. Buna rağmen en yüksek verim ve biyolojik etkinlik oranı her iki endüstriyel atık içerisine %75 oranında katılan meşe talaşı ortamlarından elde edilmiştir. Tüm ortamlar göz önüne alındığında, en iyi verim ve biyolojik etkinlik değeri sonucu, en yüksek karbon/azot oranında elde edildiği saptanmıştır. Elde edilen mantarların morfolojik özelliklerinde oldukça iyi değerler elde edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmanın sonucunda, iplik fabrikası lif atığı (T) ve zeytin posası(Z) ortamlarının, Pleurotus ostreatus mantarının yetiştirilmesinde hammadde olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.  

References

  • Baldrian, P. & Valaskova, V. (2008) Degradation of cellulose by basidiomycetous fungi. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 32(3), 501-521.
  • Bellettini, M. B., Fiorda, F. A. & Bellettini, S. (2015) Aspectos gerais to cultivo de cogumelo Pleurotus ostreatus e djamor pela tecnica Jun-Cao. Apprehendere, Guarapuava (in Portuges).
  • Beelman, R.D., Royse, D. & Chikthimmah, N., (2003) Bioactive components in Agaricus bisporus Imbach. of nutritional, medicinal or biological importance. Int. J. Med. Mushrooms, 5, 321-337.
  • Breene, W.M. (1990) Nutrional and medicinal value of speciality mushrooms. Journal of Food Protection 53 (10), 883-894.
  • Chang, S. & Miles, P. (2009) Mushrooms Cultivation, Nutritional Value. Medicinal Effect and Environmental Impact, Washington, 477 p.
  • Cueva, M. B. R., Hernández, A. & Niño-Ruiz, Z. (2017) Influence of C/N ratio on productivity and the protein contents of Pleurotus ostreatus grown in differents residue mixtures. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias,49 (2), 331-344.
  • Daba, A.S. & Ezeronye, O. U. (2003) Anti-cancer effect of polysaccharides isolated from higher basidiomycetes mushrooms. African Journal of Biotechnology, 2 (12), 672-678.
  • Dubey, D., Dhakal , B., Dhami , K., Sapkota, P., Rana, M., Poudel, N.S. & Aryal, L. (2019) Comparative study on effect of different substrates on yield performance of oyster mushroom. Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture, Health Sciences, 8, 1.
  • Garg, V. & Gupta, R. (2009) Vermicomposting of agro-industrial processing waste. In P. S. N. Nigam & A. Pandey (Eds.), Biotechnology for agro-industrial residues utilization (pp. 431-456). Netherlands: Springer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9942-7_24.
  • Getahun, A. (2011) Successful Oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) Mushroom cultivation substrates performance, yield, quality and efficiency of mushroom production. Publisher: VDM Verlag Dr. Muller GMBH & Co. KG. USA.
  • Girmay, Z., Gorems, W., Birhanu, G. & Zewdie, S. (2016) Growth and yield performance of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. Fr.) Kumm (oyster mushroom) on different substrates. AMB Expr . 6,87. DOI 10.1186/s13568-016-0265-1.
  • Hernandez, D., Sanchez, E. J. & Yamasaki, K. (2003) A simple procedure for preparing substrate for Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation. Bioresource Technology, 90(2), 145-150. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00118-4
  • Hlerema, I. N., Eiasu, K.B. & Koch, S.H. (2017) Pineapple (Ananas comusus) plant material as supplement for maize residue-based oyster mushroom substrate and reduction of cadmium soil contamination. Hortscıence, 52(4),667–671. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI10880-16
  • Huang, Q.I., Jin, Y., Zhang, L.N., Cheung, C.K. & Kennedy, J.F. (2007) Structure, molecular size and antitumor activities of polysaccarides from Poria cocus mycelia produced in fermenter. Carbonhydrate Polymers, 70, 324-333.
  • Jandaik, C. L. & Goyal, S. P. (1995) Farm and farming of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp.). In R. P. Singh & H. S. Chaube (Eds.), Mushroom production technology (pp. 72-78). Tehri Garhwal: Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology.
  • Jayakumar, T., Ramesh, E. & Geraldine, P. (2006) Antioxidant activity of the oyster mushroom, P. ostreatus, on CCI4 –induced liver injury in rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 44, 1989-1996.
  • Jayakumar, T., Thomas, P.A. & Geraldine, P. (2007) Protective effect of an extract of the oyster mushroom , P. ostreatus, on antioxidant of majör organs of aged rats. Experimental Gerontology, 42, 183-191.
  • Kües, U. & Liu, Y. (2000) Fruiting body production in basidiomycetes. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 54(2), 141-152. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530000396. PMid:10968625.
  • Kwon, H. v Kim, S.B. (2004) Mushroom grower’s handbook. 1: Bag cultivation, in: Oyster mushroom cultivation. Mushworld, Korea Republic, 160-173.
  • Marlina, L., Sukotju, S. & Marsudi, S. (2015) Potential of oil palm empty fruit bunch as media for oyster mushrom, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation, Procedia Chemistry , 16, 427-431.
  • Moradali, M.F., Mostafavi, H., Ghods, S. & Hedjaroude, G.A. (2007) Immunomodulating and anticancer agents in the realm of macromycetes fungi(macrofungi). International Immuno pharmacology, 7, 701-724.
  • Obodai M, Cleland-Okine J. & Vowotor K. (2003) Comparative study on the growth and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom on different lignocellulosic by-products. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. 30(3),146-9.
  • Pathania, S., Sharma, N. & Gupta, D. (2017) A study on cultivation and yield performance of oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) on wheat straw mixed with horticultural waste (apple pomace) in different ratio and their nutritional evaluation. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(8), 2940-2953.
  • Regina, M.M.G., Elisabeth, W., Jamile, R. R., Jorge, I.N. & Sandra, A.F. (2008) Alternative medium for production of p. ostreatus biomass and potential antitumor polysaccarides. Bioresource Technology, 99, 76-82.
  • Ritota, M. & Manzi, P. (2019) Pleurotus spp. cultivation on different agri-food by-products: example of biotechnological application. Sustainability, 11, 5049. doi:10.3390/su11185049
  • Rout, S. & Banerjee, R. (2007) Free Radical scavenging antiglycation and tyrosinase inhibition properties of a polysaccaride fraction isolated from the ring from Punica granatum. Bioresource Technology, 98(16), 3159-3163.
  • Sánchez, C. (2010). Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus and other edible mushrooms. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 85(5), 1321-1337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-009-2343-7. PMid:19956947.
  • Düzkale Sözbir, G., Bektaş, İ., Zulkadir, A., 2015. Lignocellulosic Wastes Used for the Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus Mushrooms: Effects on Productivity, Bioresources, 10 (3) 4686-4693.
  • Tesfaw, A., TadesseA. & Kiros, G. (2015) Optimization of oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) mushroom cultivation using locally available substrates and materials in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. Journal of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, 3 (01), 015-020. DOI: 10.7324/JABB.2015.3103.
  • TR, K., TAM, D., TM, N., NA, A. & AM, M. (2016) Effect of local substrates on the growth and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus K. in the North West Region. Cameroon, Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology, 6 (1), 11–19.
  • Tsegaye, Z. & Tefera, G. (2017) Cultivation of oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus kumm, 1871) using agro ındustrial residues. Journal of Applied Microbiological Research, 1, 1.
  • Yildiz, S., Yildiz, U. C., Gezer, E. D. & Temiz, A. (2003) Some lignocellulosic wastes used as raw material in cultivation of the Pleurotus ostreatus culture mushroom. Process Biochemistry 38(3), 301-306. DOI: 10.1016/S0032-9592(02)00040-7
  • Wang, H.X., Gao, J. Q. & Ng, T.B. (2000) A new lectin with highly potent antihepatoma and antisarcoma activities from the oyster mushroom P. ostreatus. Biochemical and biophysical Research Communications, 275, 810-816.
  • Wang, D., Sakoda, A. & Suzuki, M. (2001) Biological efficiency and nutritional value of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated on spent beer grain. Bioresource Technology, 78(3), 293-300. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00002-5
  • Zervakis, G. & Balis, C. (1992) Comparative study on the cultural characters of pleurotus species under the influence of different substrates and fruiting temperatures. Micologia Neotropical Aplicade, 5 (1), 39-47.
  • Zhang, R., Li, X., & Fadel, J. (2002). Oyster mushroom cultivation with rice and wheat straw. Bioresource Technology, 82(3), 277-284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00188-2. PMid:11991077.
  • Zhang, M., Cui, S.W., Chueng, P.C. & Wang, K. Q. (2007) Antitumor polysaccarides from mushrooms: a review on their isolation process, structural characteristic and antitumor activity. Trends in food Science and Technology, 18, 4-19.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Ecology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gonca Düzkale Sözbir 0000-0002-0728-841X

Publication Date April 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Düzkale Sözbir, G. (2021). İSTİRİDYE MANTARININ (Pleurotus ostreatus) YETİŞTİRİLMESİNDE BAZI ENDÜSTRİYEL ATIKLARIN KULLANIM OLANAKLARININ BELİRLENMESİ. Turkish Journal of Forest Science, 5(1), 187-197. https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.873917
AMA Düzkale Sözbir G. İSTİRİDYE MANTARININ (Pleurotus ostreatus) YETİŞTİRİLMESİNDE BAZI ENDÜSTRİYEL ATIKLARIN KULLANIM OLANAKLARININ BELİRLENMESİ. Turk J For Sci. April 2021;5(1):187-197. doi:10.32328/turkjforsci.873917
Chicago Düzkale Sözbir, Gonca. “İSTİRİDYE MANTARININ (Pleurotus Ostreatus) YETİŞTİRİLMESİNDE BAZI ENDÜSTRİYEL ATIKLARIN KULLANIM OLANAKLARININ BELİRLENMESİ”. Turkish Journal of Forest Science 5, no. 1 (April 2021): 187-97. https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.873917.
EndNote Düzkale Sözbir G (April 1, 2021) İSTİRİDYE MANTARININ (Pleurotus ostreatus) YETİŞTİRİLMESİNDE BAZI ENDÜSTRİYEL ATIKLARIN KULLANIM OLANAKLARININ BELİRLENMESİ. Turkish Journal of Forest Science 5 1 187–197.
IEEE G. Düzkale Sözbir, “İSTİRİDYE MANTARININ (Pleurotus ostreatus) YETİŞTİRİLMESİNDE BAZI ENDÜSTRİYEL ATIKLARIN KULLANIM OLANAKLARININ BELİRLENMESİ”, Turk J For Sci, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 187–197, 2021, doi: 10.32328/turkjforsci.873917.
ISNAD Düzkale Sözbir, Gonca. “İSTİRİDYE MANTARININ (Pleurotus Ostreatus) YETİŞTİRİLMESİNDE BAZI ENDÜSTRİYEL ATIKLARIN KULLANIM OLANAKLARININ BELİRLENMESİ”. Turkish Journal of Forest Science 5/1 (April 2021), 187-197. https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.873917.
JAMA Düzkale Sözbir G. İSTİRİDYE MANTARININ (Pleurotus ostreatus) YETİŞTİRİLMESİNDE BAZI ENDÜSTRİYEL ATIKLARIN KULLANIM OLANAKLARININ BELİRLENMESİ. Turk J For Sci. 2021;5:187–197.
MLA Düzkale Sözbir, Gonca. “İSTİRİDYE MANTARININ (Pleurotus Ostreatus) YETİŞTİRİLMESİNDE BAZI ENDÜSTRİYEL ATIKLARIN KULLANIM OLANAKLARININ BELİRLENMESİ”. Turkish Journal of Forest Science, vol. 5, no. 1, 2021, pp. 187-9, doi:10.32328/turkjforsci.873917.
Vancouver Düzkale Sözbir G. İSTİRİDYE MANTARININ (Pleurotus ostreatus) YETİŞTİRİLMESİNDE BAZI ENDÜSTRİYEL ATIKLARIN KULLANIM OLANAKLARININ BELİRLENMESİ. Turk J For Sci. 2021;5(1):187-9.