Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2017, Cilt: 155 Sayı: 155, 115 - 130, 03.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.305992

Öz


Kaynakça

  • Altunkaynak, Ş., 2007. Collision-driven slab break off magmatism in Northwestern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Geology 115, 63-82.
  • Barton, M.D., Ilchik, R.P., Marikos, M.A., 1991. Metasomatizm. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 26, 321-349.
  • Bau, M., 1991. Rare-earth element mobility during hydrothermal and metamorphic fluid-rock interaction and the significance of the oxidation state of europium. Chemical Geology 93, 219-230.
  • Bi, X, Hu, R., Cornell, D.H., 2004. The alkaline porphyry associated Yaoan gold deposit, Yunan, China: Rare earth element and stable isotope evidence for magmatic-hydrothermal ore formation. Mineralium Deposita 39, 21-20.
  • Bingöl, E., Delaloye, M., Ataman, G., 1982. Granitic intrusion in Western Anatolia: a contribution to the geodynamic study of this area. Eclogea Geologisch Helvetica 75 (2), 437-446.
  • Brown, P. E., Bowman, J. R., Kelly, W. C., 1985. Petrologic and stable isotope constraints on source and evolution of skarn-forming fluids at Pine Creek, California. Economic Geology 80, 72-95.
  • Burt, M.D., 1977. Mineralogy and petrology of skarn deposits. Societa İtaliana di Mineralogia e Petrologia 33(2), 859-873.
  • Delaloye, M., Bingöl, E. 2000. Granitoids from Western and Northwestern Anatolia: Geochemistry and modeling of geodynamic evolution. International Geological Review 42, 241-268.
  • Einaudi, M.T, Meinert, L.D, Newberry, R.J., 1981. Skarn Deposits. Economic Geology 75, 317-391.
  • Emre, H., 1996. Orhaneli Ofiyolitinin jeolojisi ve petrolojisi. Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, 165 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • Fonteilles, M., Soler, P., Demange, M., Derre, C., Krier-Schellen. A. D., Verkaeren, J., Guy, B., Zahm, A., 1989. The scheelite skarn deposit of Salau (Ariege, French Pyrenees). Economic Geology 84, 1172-1209.
  • Gerstner, M.R., Bowman, J.R., Parteris, J.D., 1989. Skarn formation at the Macmillan Pass Tungsten Deposit (Mactung), Yukon and Northwest Territories. I. P-T-X-V characterization of the methane-bearing skarn forming fluids. The Canadian Mineralogist 27, 545-563.
  • Ghaderi, M., Palin, M.J., Sylvester, P.J., Campbell, I.H., 1999. Rare earth element systematics in scheelites from hydrothermal gold deposits in the Kalgoorlie-Norseman Region, Western Australia. Economic Geology 94, 423-437.
  • Giuliani, G., Cheilletz, A., Mechiche, M., 1987. Behavior of REE during thermal metamorphism and hydrothermal infiltration associated with skarn and vein-type tungsten ore bodies in Central Morocco. Chemical Geology 64, 279-294.
  • Harris, N.B.W, Kelley, S., Aral, I.O., 1994. Post-collision magmatism and tectonics in northwest Anatolia. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 117, 241-252.
  • Kwak, T.A.P., Tan, T.H., 1981. The geochemistry of zoning in skarn minerals at the King Island (Dolphin) mine. Economic Geology 76, 468-497.
  • Lisenbee, A.A., 1972. Structural setting of the Orhaneli Ultramafic Massif near Bursa. Ph.D Thesis, University of State, Pennsylvania, USA, 170 pp. (unpublished).
  • Lottermoser, B.G., 1992. Rare earth elements and hydrothermal ore formation processes. Ore Geology Reviews 7, 25-41.
  • Meinert, L.D., Dipple, G.M., Nicolescu, S, 2005. World Skarn Deposits. Society of Economic Geologist, Inc. Economic Geology 100TH Anniversary volume, 299-336.
  • Michard, A. 1989. Rare earth element systematics in hydrothermal fluids. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 53, 745-750.
  • MTA, 1965. Türkiye Volfram ve Molibden Yatakları, Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 128, Ankara, 12 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • MTA, 1973. H22d4, H22d3, İ21b2, İ22a1, İ22a2 paftası 1/25000 ölçekli jeoloji haritaları. Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • MTA, 2002. Türkiyenin jeolojik haritaları. 1/500.000 ölçekli İstanbul ve İzmir paftaları. Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Murray, R., W., Buchholtz, T., Brink, M., R., Jones, D., L., Gerlach, D., C., Russ, G., P. 1990. Rare Earth Elements as Indicators of Different Marine Depositional Environments in Chert and Shale. Geology 18, 268-272.
  • Nakamura, N., 1974. Determination of REE, Ba, Mg, Na and K in carbonaceous and ordinary chondrites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 38, 757-775.
  • Newberry, R.J., 1982. Tungsten-bearing skarns of the Sierra Nevada. I, the Pine Creek mine, California. Economic Geology 77, 823-844.
  • Newberry, R.J., 1998. W-and Sn-Skarn deposits, Lentz, D.R. (Ed.). Mineralized intrusion-related skarn systems. Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course Series 26, 289-335.
  • Okay, A.I., 2004. Tectonics and high pressure metamorphism in northwest Turkey, Field trip guide book-P01. 32TH International Geological Congress, APAT, Italy, 56 pp.
  • Okay, A.I., 1985. Kuzeybatı Anadolu’da yer alan metamorfik kuşaklar. Ketin Sempozyumu Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı yayınları, 83-93.
  • Okay, A.I., 2011. Tavşanlı Zonu: Anatolid-Torid Bloku’nun dalma-batmaya uğramış kuzey ucu. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi 142, 195-226.
  • Okay, A.I., Harris, N.B.W., Kelley, S.P., 1998. Exhumation of blueschists along a Tethyan suture in northwest Turkey. Tectonophysics 285, 275-299.
  • Okay, A.I., Kelley, S.P., 1994. Tectonic setting, petrology and geochronology of jadeite + glaucophane and chloritoid + glaucophane schists from northwest Turkey. Journal of Metamorphic Geology 12, 455-466.
  • Okay, A.I., Satır, M. 2006, Geochronology of Eocene plutonism and metamorphism in northwest Turkey: evidence for a possible magmatic arc. Geodinamica Acta 19, 251-266.
  • Orhan, A., 2017. Evolution of the Mo-rich scheelite skarn mineralization at Kozbudaklar, Western Anatolia, Turkey: Evidence from mineral chemistry and fluid inclusion. Ore Geology Reviews 80, 141-165.
  • Orhan, A., Demirbilek, M., Mutlu, H., 2014a. Mineral and whole-rock chemistry of the Topuk Granitoid (Bursa, Western Anatolia, Turkey). EGU General Assembly, Geophysical Research Abstracts, v.16.
  • Orhan, A., Mutlu, H., Demirbilek, M., 2014b. Kozbudaklar (Bursa, Batı Anadolu) Şeelit Skarn Yatağının Mineralojik ve Jeokimyasal Karakteristikleri. 67. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 14-18 Nisan, Ankara, 516-517.
  • Orhan, A., Mutlu, H., 2015. Topuk Plütonu ile İlişkili Şeelit Skarn Yatağının (Bursa, Batı Anadolu) Evrimi ve Hidrotermal Akışkanların Kökeni. 68. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 6-10 Nisan, Ankara, 336-339.
  • Orhan, A., Mutlu, H., Demirbilek, M., 2015. Topuk Plütonu ile ilişkili skarn yataklarının (Bursa, Batı Anadolu) mineralojik, jeokimyasal ve kökensel incelenmesi. Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu Proje No: 111Y289, 212 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • Oyman, T., Özgenç, İ., Tokcaer, M., Akbulut, M., 2013. Petrology, geochemistry and evolution of the iron skarns along the northern contact of the Eğrigöz Plutonic complex, Western Anatolia, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Science 22, 61-97.
  • Örgün, Y., 1993. Topuk-Göynükbelen (Orhaneli-Bursa) Yöresi Nikel Oluşumlarının Kökensel İncelenmesi. Doktora Tezi, İ.T.Ü Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, 216 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • Pehlivan, A.N., 1987. Kuzeybatı Anadolu wolfram ağırlıklı polimetal arama projesi (Kavap Rapor No:1) Bursa-İnegöl-Keles-Orhaneli çevresinin genel jeokimya raporu. Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 8179, Ankara, 32 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • Romberg, H., 1938. Bursa Vilayetinde Sebihtepe’de, Karaıslak, Kuzbudak ve Keles’de Tetkik Olunan Yataklar Hakkında Rapor. Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 722, Ankara, 18 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • Sato, K., 1980. Tungsten Skarn Deposit of the Fujigatani Mine, Southwest Japan. Economic Geology 75, 1066-1082.
  • Song, G., Qin, K., Li, Guangming, Evans, N.J., Chen, L., 2014. Scheelite elemental and isotopic signatures: Implication for the genesis of skarn-type W-Mo deposits in the Chizhou Area, Anhui Province, Eastern China. American Mineralogist 99, 303-317.
  • Sun, S.S., McDonough, W.F., 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. Saunders, A.D., Norry, M.J. (Eds.). Magmatism in ocean basins. Geological Society London. Special Publications 42, 313-345.
  • Şengör, A.M.C., Yılmaz, Y., 1981. Tethyan Evolution of Turkey: A Plate Tectonic Approach. Tectonophysics 75, 181-241.
  • Tekin, U.K, Göncüoğlu, M.C., Turhan, N., 2002. First evidence of Late Carnian radiolarians from the Izmir-Ankara suture complex, central Sakarya, Turkey: Implications of the opening age of the Izmir-Ankara branch of Neo-Tethys. Geobis 35, 127-135.
  • Timon Sanchez, S.M, Moro Benito, M.C., Cembranos Perez, M.,L., 2009. Mineralogical and physiochemical evolution of the Los Santos scheelite skarn, Salamanca, NW Spain. Economic Geology 104, 961-995.
  • Vander Auwera, J.V., Andre, L., 1991. Trace elements (REE) and isotopes (O, C, Sr) to characterize the metasomatic fluid sources: evidence from the skarn deposit (Fe, W, Cu) of Traversella (Ivrea, Italy). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 106, 325-339.
  • Whitney, P.R., Olmsted, J.F., 1998. Rare earth element metasomatism in hydrothermal system: The Willsboro-Lewis wollastonite ores, New York, USA. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 62, 17, 2965-2977.
  • Zaw, K., Singoyi B., 2000. Formation of magnetite-scheelite skarn mineralization at Kara, Northwestern Tasmania: evidence from mineral chemistry and stable isotopes. Economic Geology 95, 1215-1230.

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RARE-EARTH ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS OF KOZBUDAKLAR W-SKARN DEPOSIT (BURSA, WESTERN ANATOLIA)

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 155 Sayı: 155, 115 - 130, 03.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.305992

Öz

The Kozbudaklar W-skarn
deposit occurs along the contact between Eocene Topuk granitoid and Triassic
İnönü marble in Tavşanlı Zone. In the study area, the endoskarn is represented
by plagioclase-pyroxene and exoskarn zone which is characterized by pyroxene,
pyroxene-garnet, garnet and garnet-pyroxene skarn facies. According to major
oxide element contents, exoskarn is of calcic character. In pyroxene and
pyroxene-garnet skarn facies, tungsten and molybdenum abundances vary between
434-5507 ppm (mean 2330 ppm) and 8 - 90 ppm (mean 40 ppm). In the garnet and
garnet-pyroxene skarns, concentrations of these elements are 271 - 7616 ppm
(mean 2486 ppm) and 7 - 493 ppm (mean 107 ppm), respectively, and molybdenum
concentration is increased. ƩREE contents of the Topuk granitoid, endoskarn,
exoskarn and İnönü marble are in the range of 75.8 to 158.9 ppm (mean 106.2
ppm), 75.8 to 171.5 ppm (mean 114.6 ppm), 3.5 to 290.8 ppm (mean 48.7 ppm) and
2.3 to 15.3 ppm (mean 6.1 ppm), respectively. Although ƩREE concentrations of
skarn zones are higher than those of Topuk granitoid and İnönü marble, ƩREE
concentrations of tungsten-rich samples are signifi cantly depleted. In areas
of scheelite mineralization, REE trends and Eu anomalies display two different
patterns. REE trends, HREE enrichments and negative Eu anomalies of pyroxene
and pyroxene-garnet skarn facies exhibit similarities with Topuk granitoid. In
these skarn facies, tungsten-rich samples are represented by a Ce depletion and
low Eu/Eu* (Eu/Eu* = 0.56-0.88). Garnet and garnet-pyroxene skarn facies are
characteristic with a convex LRRE pattern, maximum Pr and Nd concentrations and
positive Eu anomalies. Ce-enrichment and high Eu/Eu* ratios (Eu/Eu* = 1.45 -
4.18) are observed in tungsten-rich samples. Considering the molybdenum
enrichments and REE pattern, scheelite mineralization in the Kozbudaklar
W-skarn deposit can be said to have developed at two different high temperature
phases. In the fi rst-phase mineralization was formed by early magmatic fl uids
under moderate oxidant conditions whilst the second-phase scheelite
mineralization was formed under increasing oxidant conditions.

Kaynakça

  • Altunkaynak, Ş., 2007. Collision-driven slab break off magmatism in Northwestern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Geology 115, 63-82.
  • Barton, M.D., Ilchik, R.P., Marikos, M.A., 1991. Metasomatizm. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 26, 321-349.
  • Bau, M., 1991. Rare-earth element mobility during hydrothermal and metamorphic fluid-rock interaction and the significance of the oxidation state of europium. Chemical Geology 93, 219-230.
  • Bi, X, Hu, R., Cornell, D.H., 2004. The alkaline porphyry associated Yaoan gold deposit, Yunan, China: Rare earth element and stable isotope evidence for magmatic-hydrothermal ore formation. Mineralium Deposita 39, 21-20.
  • Bingöl, E., Delaloye, M., Ataman, G., 1982. Granitic intrusion in Western Anatolia: a contribution to the geodynamic study of this area. Eclogea Geologisch Helvetica 75 (2), 437-446.
  • Brown, P. E., Bowman, J. R., Kelly, W. C., 1985. Petrologic and stable isotope constraints on source and evolution of skarn-forming fluids at Pine Creek, California. Economic Geology 80, 72-95.
  • Burt, M.D., 1977. Mineralogy and petrology of skarn deposits. Societa İtaliana di Mineralogia e Petrologia 33(2), 859-873.
  • Delaloye, M., Bingöl, E. 2000. Granitoids from Western and Northwestern Anatolia: Geochemistry and modeling of geodynamic evolution. International Geological Review 42, 241-268.
  • Einaudi, M.T, Meinert, L.D, Newberry, R.J., 1981. Skarn Deposits. Economic Geology 75, 317-391.
  • Emre, H., 1996. Orhaneli Ofiyolitinin jeolojisi ve petrolojisi. Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, 165 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • Fonteilles, M., Soler, P., Demange, M., Derre, C., Krier-Schellen. A. D., Verkaeren, J., Guy, B., Zahm, A., 1989. The scheelite skarn deposit of Salau (Ariege, French Pyrenees). Economic Geology 84, 1172-1209.
  • Gerstner, M.R., Bowman, J.R., Parteris, J.D., 1989. Skarn formation at the Macmillan Pass Tungsten Deposit (Mactung), Yukon and Northwest Territories. I. P-T-X-V characterization of the methane-bearing skarn forming fluids. The Canadian Mineralogist 27, 545-563.
  • Ghaderi, M., Palin, M.J., Sylvester, P.J., Campbell, I.H., 1999. Rare earth element systematics in scheelites from hydrothermal gold deposits in the Kalgoorlie-Norseman Region, Western Australia. Economic Geology 94, 423-437.
  • Giuliani, G., Cheilletz, A., Mechiche, M., 1987. Behavior of REE during thermal metamorphism and hydrothermal infiltration associated with skarn and vein-type tungsten ore bodies in Central Morocco. Chemical Geology 64, 279-294.
  • Harris, N.B.W, Kelley, S., Aral, I.O., 1994. Post-collision magmatism and tectonics in northwest Anatolia. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 117, 241-252.
  • Kwak, T.A.P., Tan, T.H., 1981. The geochemistry of zoning in skarn minerals at the King Island (Dolphin) mine. Economic Geology 76, 468-497.
  • Lisenbee, A.A., 1972. Structural setting of the Orhaneli Ultramafic Massif near Bursa. Ph.D Thesis, University of State, Pennsylvania, USA, 170 pp. (unpublished).
  • Lottermoser, B.G., 1992. Rare earth elements and hydrothermal ore formation processes. Ore Geology Reviews 7, 25-41.
  • Meinert, L.D., Dipple, G.M., Nicolescu, S, 2005. World Skarn Deposits. Society of Economic Geologist, Inc. Economic Geology 100TH Anniversary volume, 299-336.
  • Michard, A. 1989. Rare earth element systematics in hydrothermal fluids. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 53, 745-750.
  • MTA, 1965. Türkiye Volfram ve Molibden Yatakları, Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 128, Ankara, 12 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • MTA, 1973. H22d4, H22d3, İ21b2, İ22a1, İ22a2 paftası 1/25000 ölçekli jeoloji haritaları. Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • MTA, 2002. Türkiyenin jeolojik haritaları. 1/500.000 ölçekli İstanbul ve İzmir paftaları. Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Murray, R., W., Buchholtz, T., Brink, M., R., Jones, D., L., Gerlach, D., C., Russ, G., P. 1990. Rare Earth Elements as Indicators of Different Marine Depositional Environments in Chert and Shale. Geology 18, 268-272.
  • Nakamura, N., 1974. Determination of REE, Ba, Mg, Na and K in carbonaceous and ordinary chondrites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 38, 757-775.
  • Newberry, R.J., 1982. Tungsten-bearing skarns of the Sierra Nevada. I, the Pine Creek mine, California. Economic Geology 77, 823-844.
  • Newberry, R.J., 1998. W-and Sn-Skarn deposits, Lentz, D.R. (Ed.). Mineralized intrusion-related skarn systems. Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course Series 26, 289-335.
  • Okay, A.I., 2004. Tectonics and high pressure metamorphism in northwest Turkey, Field trip guide book-P01. 32TH International Geological Congress, APAT, Italy, 56 pp.
  • Okay, A.I., 1985. Kuzeybatı Anadolu’da yer alan metamorfik kuşaklar. Ketin Sempozyumu Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı yayınları, 83-93.
  • Okay, A.I., 2011. Tavşanlı Zonu: Anatolid-Torid Bloku’nun dalma-batmaya uğramış kuzey ucu. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi 142, 195-226.
  • Okay, A.I., Harris, N.B.W., Kelley, S.P., 1998. Exhumation of blueschists along a Tethyan suture in northwest Turkey. Tectonophysics 285, 275-299.
  • Okay, A.I., Kelley, S.P., 1994. Tectonic setting, petrology and geochronology of jadeite + glaucophane and chloritoid + glaucophane schists from northwest Turkey. Journal of Metamorphic Geology 12, 455-466.
  • Okay, A.I., Satır, M. 2006, Geochronology of Eocene plutonism and metamorphism in northwest Turkey: evidence for a possible magmatic arc. Geodinamica Acta 19, 251-266.
  • Orhan, A., 2017. Evolution of the Mo-rich scheelite skarn mineralization at Kozbudaklar, Western Anatolia, Turkey: Evidence from mineral chemistry and fluid inclusion. Ore Geology Reviews 80, 141-165.
  • Orhan, A., Demirbilek, M., Mutlu, H., 2014a. Mineral and whole-rock chemistry of the Topuk Granitoid (Bursa, Western Anatolia, Turkey). EGU General Assembly, Geophysical Research Abstracts, v.16.
  • Orhan, A., Mutlu, H., Demirbilek, M., 2014b. Kozbudaklar (Bursa, Batı Anadolu) Şeelit Skarn Yatağının Mineralojik ve Jeokimyasal Karakteristikleri. 67. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 14-18 Nisan, Ankara, 516-517.
  • Orhan, A., Mutlu, H., 2015. Topuk Plütonu ile İlişkili Şeelit Skarn Yatağının (Bursa, Batı Anadolu) Evrimi ve Hidrotermal Akışkanların Kökeni. 68. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 6-10 Nisan, Ankara, 336-339.
  • Orhan, A., Mutlu, H., Demirbilek, M., 2015. Topuk Plütonu ile ilişkili skarn yataklarının (Bursa, Batı Anadolu) mineralojik, jeokimyasal ve kökensel incelenmesi. Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu Proje No: 111Y289, 212 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • Oyman, T., Özgenç, İ., Tokcaer, M., Akbulut, M., 2013. Petrology, geochemistry and evolution of the iron skarns along the northern contact of the Eğrigöz Plutonic complex, Western Anatolia, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Science 22, 61-97.
  • Örgün, Y., 1993. Topuk-Göynükbelen (Orhaneli-Bursa) Yöresi Nikel Oluşumlarının Kökensel İncelenmesi. Doktora Tezi, İ.T.Ü Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, 216 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • Pehlivan, A.N., 1987. Kuzeybatı Anadolu wolfram ağırlıklı polimetal arama projesi (Kavap Rapor No:1) Bursa-İnegöl-Keles-Orhaneli çevresinin genel jeokimya raporu. Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 8179, Ankara, 32 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • Romberg, H., 1938. Bursa Vilayetinde Sebihtepe’de, Karaıslak, Kuzbudak ve Keles’de Tetkik Olunan Yataklar Hakkında Rapor. Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 722, Ankara, 18 s. (yayınlanmamış).
  • Sato, K., 1980. Tungsten Skarn Deposit of the Fujigatani Mine, Southwest Japan. Economic Geology 75, 1066-1082.
  • Song, G., Qin, K., Li, Guangming, Evans, N.J., Chen, L., 2014. Scheelite elemental and isotopic signatures: Implication for the genesis of skarn-type W-Mo deposits in the Chizhou Area, Anhui Province, Eastern China. American Mineralogist 99, 303-317.
  • Sun, S.S., McDonough, W.F., 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. Saunders, A.D., Norry, M.J. (Eds.). Magmatism in ocean basins. Geological Society London. Special Publications 42, 313-345.
  • Şengör, A.M.C., Yılmaz, Y., 1981. Tethyan Evolution of Turkey: A Plate Tectonic Approach. Tectonophysics 75, 181-241.
  • Tekin, U.K, Göncüoğlu, M.C., Turhan, N., 2002. First evidence of Late Carnian radiolarians from the Izmir-Ankara suture complex, central Sakarya, Turkey: Implications of the opening age of the Izmir-Ankara branch of Neo-Tethys. Geobis 35, 127-135.
  • Timon Sanchez, S.M, Moro Benito, M.C., Cembranos Perez, M.,L., 2009. Mineralogical and physiochemical evolution of the Los Santos scheelite skarn, Salamanca, NW Spain. Economic Geology 104, 961-995.
  • Vander Auwera, J.V., Andre, L., 1991. Trace elements (REE) and isotopes (O, C, Sr) to characterize the metasomatic fluid sources: evidence from the skarn deposit (Fe, W, Cu) of Traversella (Ivrea, Italy). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 106, 325-339.
  • Whitney, P.R., Olmsted, J.F., 1998. Rare earth element metasomatism in hydrothermal system: The Willsboro-Lewis wollastonite ores, New York, USA. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 62, 17, 2965-2977.
  • Zaw, K., Singoyi B., 2000. Formation of magnetite-scheelite skarn mineralization at Kara, Northwestern Tasmania: evidence from mineral chemistry and stable isotopes. Economic Geology 95, 1215-1230.
Toplam 51 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ayşe Orhan Bu kişi benim

Halim Mutlu

Yayımlanma Tarihi 3 Aralık 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 155 Sayı: 155

Kaynak Göster

APA Orhan, A., & Mutlu, H. (2017). GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RARE-EARTH ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS OF KOZBUDAKLAR W-SKARN DEPOSIT (BURSA, WESTERN ANATOLIA). Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 155(155), 115-130. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.305992
AMA Orhan A, Mutlu H. GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RARE-EARTH ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS OF KOZBUDAKLAR W-SKARN DEPOSIT (BURSA, WESTERN ANATOLIA). Bull.Min.Res.Exp. Aralık 2017;155(155):115-130. doi:10.19111/bulletinofmre.305992
Chicago Orhan, Ayşe, ve Halim Mutlu. “GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RARE-EARTH ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS OF KOZBUDAKLAR W-SKARN DEPOSIT (BURSA, WESTERN ANATOLIA)”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 155, sy. 155 (Aralık 2017): 115-30. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.305992.
EndNote Orhan A, Mutlu H (01 Aralık 2017) GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RARE-EARTH ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS OF KOZBUDAKLAR W-SKARN DEPOSIT (BURSA, WESTERN ANATOLIA). Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 155 155 115–130.
IEEE A. Orhan ve H. Mutlu, “GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RARE-EARTH ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS OF KOZBUDAKLAR W-SKARN DEPOSIT (BURSA, WESTERN ANATOLIA)”, Bull.Min.Res.Exp., c. 155, sy. 155, ss. 115–130, 2017, doi: 10.19111/bulletinofmre.305992.
ISNAD Orhan, Ayşe - Mutlu, Halim. “GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RARE-EARTH ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS OF KOZBUDAKLAR W-SKARN DEPOSIT (BURSA, WESTERN ANATOLIA)”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 155/155 (Aralık 2017), 115-130. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.305992.
JAMA Orhan A, Mutlu H. GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RARE-EARTH ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS OF KOZBUDAKLAR W-SKARN DEPOSIT (BURSA, WESTERN ANATOLIA). Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2017;155:115–130.
MLA Orhan, Ayşe ve Halim Mutlu. “GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RARE-EARTH ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS OF KOZBUDAKLAR W-SKARN DEPOSIT (BURSA, WESTERN ANATOLIA)”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, c. 155, sy. 155, 2017, ss. 115-30, doi:10.19111/bulletinofmre.305992.
Vancouver Orhan A, Mutlu H. GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RARE-EARTH ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS OF KOZBUDAKLAR W-SKARN DEPOSIT (BURSA, WESTERN ANATOLIA). Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2017;155(155):115-30.

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