Dissolution of Condensed Tannin with Phenol in Acidic Medium and Investigation of reaction Parameters with Formaldehyde
Öz
The objective of this study was to determine the resinification properties of phenolated condensed tannin obtained from acacia (Acacia mollissima L.) bark with formaldehyde in an acidic medium. For this purpose, condensed tannin was reacted with phenol under reflux using different sulfuric acid concentration (1-5%), temperature (100-160 °C) and time (30-120 min). Then, new copolymers were obtained by reacting the phenolated condensed tannin with formaldehyde at different resinification times varying in the range of 10-50 min. The thermal behavior of obtained polymers were investigated. According to the results, acid concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time were found to be very critical for the reaction of phenol with condensed tannin. The amount of combined phenol was greatly affected by the acid concentration. At 5% sulfuric acid concentration, more than 40% polymer was obtained as a percent polymer.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Naumann HD, Luis OT, Wayne EZ, Nichole FH. Invited Review The role of condensed tannins in ruminant animal production: advances, limitations and future directions. Journal of Animal Science 2017; 46(12): 929-949.
- Patra AK, Saxena J. Exploitation of dietary tannins to improve rumen metabolism and ruminant nutrition. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2011; 91: 24-37.
- Frutos P, Hervás G, Giráldez F J, Mantecón AR. Review. Tannins and ruminant nutrition. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 2004; 2(2): 191-202.
- Kamarudin N, Biak DRA, Zurina ZA, Cardona F, Sapuan SM. Dissolution of condensed tannin powder-based polyphenolic compound in water-glycerol-acid solution. BioResources 2021; 16(1): 1798-1815.
- Ashok PK, Upadhyaya K. Tannins are astringent. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2012; 1(3): 45-50.
- Haslam E. Polyphenols – structure and biosynthesis. In: Practical polyphenolics: from structure to molecular recognition and physiological action. (Cambridge University Press: Cambridge) 1998a; 10-83.
- Haslam E. Molecular recognition – phenols and polyphenols. In: Practical polyphenolics: from structure to molecular recognition and physiological action. (Cambridge University Press: Cambridge) 1998b; 138-177.
- Hanlın RL, Hrmova M, Harbertson JF, Downey M.O. Review: Condensed tannin and grape cell wall interactions and their impact on tannin extractability into wine. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 2009; 16: 173-188.
- Cheynier V, Prieur C, Guyot S, Rigaud J, Moutounet M. The structures of tannins in grapes and wines and their interactions with proteins. In: Wine: nutritional and therapeutic benefits. American Chemical Society 1997; 661: 81-93.
- Pizzi A. Adhesives from Renewable Resource. American Chemical Society 1989; 254.
- Alma MH, M. Yoshioka YY, Shiraishi N. The preparation and flow properties of HCl catalyzed phenolated wood and its blends with commercial novolak resin. Holzforschung 1996; 50(1): 85-95.
- Santana MAE, Baumann MGD, Conner AH. Resol resins prepared with tannin liquified in phenol. Holzforschimg 1995; 49: 46-152.
Kondense Tanenin Fenol ile Asidik Ortamda Çözülmesi ve Formaldehit ile Reaksiyon Parametrelerinin Araştırılması
Öz
Bu çalışmanın amacı, akasya (Acacia mollissima L.) kabuğundan elde edilen kondanse tanenin fenol ve formaldehit ile asidik ortamda reçineleşme özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla, kondense tanen ile fenolün geri soğutucu altında farklı sülfürik asit konsantrasyonu (%1-5), değişik sıcaklık (100-160 °C) ve süreler (30-120 dakika) uygulanarak reaksiyon şartlar çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra 10-50 dakika arasında değişen farklı reçineleştirme sürelerinde fenolatlı kondanse tanen formaldehit ile reaksiyon oluşturması sağlanarak yeni kopolimerler elde edilmiştir. Yeni polimerlerin termal davranışları incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre fenolün kondanse tanen ile reaksiyonu için asit konsantrasyonu, reaksiyon sıcaklığı ve reaksiyon süresinin çok kritik olduğu bulunmuştur. Kombine fenol miktarı asit konsantrasyonundan büyük ölçüde etkilenmiştir. %5’lik sülfürik asit konsantrasyonunda verim yüzdesi olarak %40'ın üzerinde polimer elde edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Naumann HD, Luis OT, Wayne EZ, Nichole FH. Invited Review The role of condensed tannins in ruminant animal production: advances, limitations and future directions. Journal of Animal Science 2017; 46(12): 929-949.
- Patra AK, Saxena J. Exploitation of dietary tannins to improve rumen metabolism and ruminant nutrition. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2011; 91: 24-37.
- Frutos P, Hervás G, Giráldez F J, Mantecón AR. Review. Tannins and ruminant nutrition. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 2004; 2(2): 191-202.
- Kamarudin N, Biak DRA, Zurina ZA, Cardona F, Sapuan SM. Dissolution of condensed tannin powder-based polyphenolic compound in water-glycerol-acid solution. BioResources 2021; 16(1): 1798-1815.
- Ashok PK, Upadhyaya K. Tannins are astringent. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2012; 1(3): 45-50.
- Haslam E. Polyphenols – structure and biosynthesis. In: Practical polyphenolics: from structure to molecular recognition and physiological action. (Cambridge University Press: Cambridge) 1998a; 10-83.
- Haslam E. Molecular recognition – phenols and polyphenols. In: Practical polyphenolics: from structure to molecular recognition and physiological action. (Cambridge University Press: Cambridge) 1998b; 138-177.
- Hanlın RL, Hrmova M, Harbertson JF, Downey M.O. Review: Condensed tannin and grape cell wall interactions and their impact on tannin extractability into wine. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 2009; 16: 173-188.
- Cheynier V, Prieur C, Guyot S, Rigaud J, Moutounet M. The structures of tannins in grapes and wines and their interactions with proteins. In: Wine: nutritional and therapeutic benefits. American Chemical Society 1997; 661: 81-93.
- Pizzi A. Adhesives from Renewable Resource. American Chemical Society 1989; 254.
- Alma MH, M. Yoshioka YY, Shiraishi N. The preparation and flow properties of HCl catalyzed phenolated wood and its blends with commercial novolak resin. Holzforschung 1996; 50(1): 85-95.
- Santana MAE, Baumann MGD, Conner AH. Resol resins prepared with tannin liquified in phenol. Holzforschimg 1995; 49: 46-152.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Çözelti Kimyası |
| Bölüm | FBD |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Eylül 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 1 Ocak 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 35 Sayı: 2 |
