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Ketojenik Diyetin Dirençli Epilepsi Üzerine Etkisine Güncel Bakış

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 123 - 128, 31.01.2022

Öz

Epilepsi; nöbetler ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. Epilepsi hastalarının çoğunda nöbetler anti epileptik ilaçlar kullanılarak kontrol edilebilmektedir ancak dirençli epilepsi olarak adlandırılan epilepsi türünde, ilaçlar nöbet kontrolü üzerine etkili değildir. Buna ek olarak, bazı hastalarda ilaçların istenmeyen yan etkileri, antiepileptik ilaç kullanımının kesilmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu ve benzeri durumlarda, farmakolojik bir tedavi türü olmayan ketojenik diyet, alternatif tedavi yöntemi olarak önerilmektedir. Ketojenik diyetin epilepsi tedavisinde etkin rol oynayabileceğini düşündüren temel gerçeklik ise, nöronlar için ana enerji substratı olan glikoz yerine, açlık gibi bazı durumlarda keton cisimlerinin kullanılıyor olmasıdır. Keton cisimlerinin oluşmasını sağlayan ancak ketojenik diyete uygulama kolaylığı ve esnekliği sağlaması adına farklı ketojenik diyet türleri oluşturulmuştur. Dirençli epilepsi tedavisinde hastaların tolere edebilirliğine göre bu ketojenik diyet yaklaşımları kullanılabilmektedir. Bu derlemede, ketojenik diyet ve türlerinin dirençli epilepsi üzerine etkisinin derlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Akbulut G. Tıbbi Beslenme Tedavisinde Güncel Uygulamalar. Ankara, İvedik Yenimahalle;2018.188s.
  • who.int [Internet]. World Health Organisation; 2019 [cited 2019 June 20]. Available from: https://www. who.int/.
  • nöroloji.org [Internet]. Türk Nöroloji Derneği; 2021 [alıntı 17 Ağustos 2021]. Erişim: https://www.noroloji.org.tr/.
  • nhs.uk [Internet]. National Health Service; 2020 [cited 2020 Sep 18]. Available from: https://www. nhs.uk/.
  • van Berkel AA, Dominique MI, Jan MV. Cognitive benefits of the ketogenic diet in patients with epilepsy: A systematic overview Epilepsy Behav [Internet]. 2018 Oct [cited 2018 Aug 31];87:69-77. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30173019/ DOI: 10.1016/j. yebeh.2018.06.004.
  • charliefoundation.or [Internet]. Charlie Foundation; 2021 [cited 2021]. Available from: https://charliefoundation.org/.
  • Armeno M, Caraballo R, Vaccarezza M, Alberti MJ, Ríos V, Galicchio S. National consensus on the ketogenic diet. Rev. Neurol. 2014 Sep;59(5):213-23.
  • epilepsi.com [Internet]. Epilepsy Foundation; 2007 [cited Aug 15]. Available from https://www.epilepsy.com/ .
  • Kim JA, Yoon JR, Lee EJ, Lee JS, Kim JT, Kim HD, et al. Efficacy of the classic ketogenic and the modified Atkins diets in refractory childhood epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2016 Jan;57(1):51-8.
  • Kossoff EH, Cervenka MC, Henry BJ, Haney CA, Turner Z. A decade of the modified Atkins diet (2003–2013): Results, insights, and future directions. Epilepsy Behav. 2013 Dec;29(3):437-42.
  • Zarnowska IM. Therapeutic Use of the Ketogenic Diet in Refractory Epilepsy: What We Know and What Still Needs to Be Learned. Nutrients. 2020 Aug 27;12(9):2616.
  • Pfeifer HH, Thiele EA. Low-glycemic-index treatment: a liberalized ketogenic diet for treatment of intractable epilepsy. Neurology. 2005 Dec 13;65(11):1810-2.
  • Fedorovich SV, Voronina PP, & Waseem TV. Ketogenic diet versus ketoacidosis: what determines the influence of ketone bodies on neurons?. Neural Regen Res. 2018 Dec;13(12):2060-63.
  • Bilge Ç. Epilepsi hastası çocuklarda ketojenik diyetin epileptik nöbet sayısı üzerine etkisinin araştırılması [Internet]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi; 2013.[cited 2013]. Available from: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/ UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp .
  • Fedorovich SV, Voronina PP, Waseem TV. Ketogenic diet versus ketoacidosis: what determines the influence of ketone bodies on neurons? Neural Regen Res. 2018 Dec;13(12):2060-3.
  • D’Andrea Meira I, Romão TT, Pires do Prado HJ, Krüger LT, Pires MEP, da Conceição PO. Ketogenic Diet and Epilepsy: What We Know So Far. Front Neurosci. 2019 Jan 29;13:5.
  • Kim DY, Simeone KA, Simeone TA, Pandya JD, Wilke JC, Ahn Y,et al. Ketone bodies mediate antiseizure effects through mitochondrial permeability transition. Ann Neurol. 2015 Jul;78(1):77-87.
  • Rho JM. How does the ketogenic diet induce anti-seizure effects? Neurosci Lett. 2017 Jan 10;637:4-10.
  • Greene AE, Todorova MT, Seyfried TN. Perspectives on the metabolic management of epilepsy through dietary reduction of glucose and elevation of ketone bodies. J Neurochem. 2003 Aug;86(3):529-37.
  • Garriga-Canut M, Schoenike B, Qazi R, Bergendahl K, Daley TJ, Pfender RM, et al. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose reduces epilepsy progression by NRSF-CtBP-dependent metabolic regulation of chromatin structure. Nat Neurosci. 2006 Nov;9(11):1382-7.
  • Huttenlocher PR. Ketonemia and seizures: metabolic and anticonvulsant effects of two ketogenic diets in childhood epilepsy. Pediatr Res. 1976 May;10(5):536-40.
  • DeVivo DC, Leckie MP, Ferrendelli JS, McDougal DB Jr. Chronic ketosis and cerebral metabolism. Ann Neurol. 1978 Apr;3(4):331-37.
  • Zarnowski T, Tulidowicz-Bielak M, Kosior-Jarecka E, Zarnowska I, A Turski W, Gasior M. A ketogenic diet may offer neuroprotection in glaucoma and mitochondrial diseases of the optic nerve. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol. 2012 Fall;1(3):45-9.
  • Bough KJ, Wetherington J, Hassel B, Pare JF, Gawryluk JW, Greene JG, et al. Mitochondrial biogenesis in the anticonvulsant mechanism of the ketogenic diet. Ann Neurol. 2006 Aug;60(2):223-35.
  • Mironov SL, Richter DW. Intracellular signalling pathways modulate K(ATP) channels in inspiratory brainstem neurones and their hypoxic activation: involvement of metabotropic receptors, G-proteins and cytoskeleton. Brain Res. 2000 Jan 17;853(1):60-7.
  • Li, D.-P., Chen, S.-R., and Pan, H.-L. (2010). Adenosine inhibits paraventricular pre-sympathetic neurons through ATP-dependent potassium channels. J. Neurochem. 113, 530–542.
  • Wang ZJ, Bergqvist C, Hunter JV, Jin D, Wang DJ, Wehrli S, Zimmerma RA. In vivo measurement of brain metabolites using two-dimensionaldouble-quantum MR spectroscopy--exploration of GABA levels in a ketogenic diet. Magn Reson Med. 2003 Apr;49(4):615-9
  • Yudkoff M, Daikhin Y, Horyn O, Nissim I, Nissim I. Ketosis and brain handling of glutamate, glutamine, and GABA. Epilepsia. 2008 Nov;49 Suppl 8(Suppl 8):73-5.
  • Szot P, Weinshenker D, Rho JM, Storey TW, Schwartzkroin PA. Norepinephrine is required for the anticonvulsant effect of the ketogenic diet. Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 2001 Aug 23;129(2):211-4.
  • Olson CA, Vuong HE, Yano JM, Liang QY, Nusbaum DJ, Hsiao EY. The Gut Microbiota Mediates the Anti-Seizure Effects of the Ketogenic Diet. Cell. 2018 Jun 14;173(7):1728-1741.
  • Dupuis N, Curatolo N, Benoist JF, Auvin S. Ketogenic diet exhibits antiinflammatory properties. Epilepsia. 2015 Jul;56(7):e95-8.
  • Shimazu T, Hirschey MD, Newman J, He W, Shirakawa K, Le Moan N, et al. Suppression of oxidative stress by β-hydroxybutyrate, an endogenous histone deacetylase inhibitor. Science. 2013 Jan 11;339(6116):211-4.
  • Martin-McGill KJ , Jenkinson MD , Tudur Smith C, Marson AG. The modified ketogenic diet for adults with refractory epilepsy: An evaluation of a set up service. Seizure [Internet]. 2017 Nov [cited 2017 Sep 1];52:1- 6. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28915401/ DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.08.013.
  • Nei M, Ngo L, Sirven,JI, Sperling MR. Ketogenic diet in adolescents and adults with epilepsy. Seizure [Internet]. 2014 Jun [cited 2014 Mar 12] ;23(6):439-42. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24675110/ DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2014.02.015.
  • Hallböök T, Sjölander A, Amark P, Miranda M, Bjurulf B, Dahlin M. Effectiveness of the ketogenic diet used to treat resistant childhood epilepsy in Scandinavia Eur J Paediatr Neurol [Internet]. 2015 Jan [cited 2014 Oct 6];19(1):29-36. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25457511/ DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2014.09.005. 35.
  • Kumada T , Imai K, Takahashi Y, Nabatame S , Oguni H. Ketogenic diet using a Japanese ketogenic milk for patients with epilepsy:a multi-institutional study. Brain Dev.[Internet]. 2018 Mar [cited 2017 Nov]; 40(3):188-195. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/29183766/ DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2017.11.003.
  • Zhu D, Wang M, Yuan J , Niu G, Zhang G, Sun L. Ketogenic diet effects on neurobehavioral development of children with intractable epilepsy:a retrospective study. Epilepsy Behav. [Internet]. 2016 Feb[cited 2016 Jan 13];55:87-91. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26773676/ DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.12.011.
  • Baby N, Vinayan KP , Pavithran N, Roy AG. A pragmatic study on efficacy ,tolerability and long term acceptance of ketogenic diet therapy in 74 South Indian children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Seizure [Internet]. 2018 May[cited 2018 Mar 21];58:41-46. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/29653328/ DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.03.020.
  • IJff DM, Postulart D, A J E Lambrechts, D, H.J.M Majoie, J A de Kinderen R. Cognitive and behavioral impact of the ketogenic diet in children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy: A randomized controlled trial. Epilepsy Behav. 2016;60:153-157. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/27206235/ DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.04.033.
  • Liu H, Yang Y, Wang Y, Tang H, Zhang F, Zhang Y,et al. Ketogenic diet for treatment of intractable epilepsy in adults: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Epilepsia Open. 2018 Feb 19;3(1):9-17.
  • Miranda MJ, Mortensen M, Povlsen JH, Nielsen H, Beniczky S. Danish study of a modified Atkins diet for medically intractable epilepsy in children: can we achieve the same results as with the classical ketogenic diet? Seizure. 2011 Mar;20(2):151-5.
  • Martin K, Jackson CF, Levy RG, Cooper PN. Ketogenic diet and other dietary treatments for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Feb 9;2:CD001903.
  • Rezaei S, Abdurahman AA, Saghazadeh A, Badv RS, Mahmoudi M. Short-term and long-term efficacy of classical ketogenic diet and modified Atkins diet in children and adolescents with epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Neurosci. 2019 May;22(5):317-334.
  • Park EG, Lee J, Lee J. Use of the Modified Atkins Diet in Intractable Pediatric Epilepsy. J Epilepsy Res. 2018 Jun 30;8(1):20-26.
  • Martin-McGill KJ, Bresnahan R, Levy RG, Cooper PN. Ketogenic diets for drug-resistant epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Jun 24;6(6):CD001903.
  • Zare M, Okhovat AA, Esmaillzadeh A, Mehvari J, Najafi MR, Saadatnia M. Modified Atkins diet in adult with refractory epilepsy: A controlled randomized clinical trial. Iran J Neurol. 2017 Apr 4;16(2):72-77.
  • Payne NE, Cross JH, Sander JW, Sisodiya SM. The ketogenic and related diets in adolescents and adults--a review. Epilepsia. 2011 Nov;52(11):1941- 8.
  • Kim SH, Kang HC, Lee EJ, Lee JS, Kim HD. Low glycemic index treatment in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Brain Dev. 2017 Sep;39(8):687-692.
  • Rezaei S, Harsini S, Kavoosi M, Badv RS, Mahmoudi M. Efficacy of low glycemic index treatment in epileptic patients: a systematic review. Acta Neurol Belg. 2018 Sep;118(3):339-349.
  • Cai QY, Zhou ZJ, Luo R, Gan J, Li SP, Mu DZ, et al. Safety and tolerability of the ketogenic diet used for the treatment of refractory childhood epilepsy: a systematic review of published prospective studies. World J Pediatr. 2017 Dec;13(6):528-536.
  • Kwiterovich PO Jr, Vining EP, Pyzik P, Skolasky R Jr, Freeman JM. Effect of a high-fat ketogenic diet on plasma levels of lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins in children. JAMA. 2003 Aug 20;290(7):912-20.
  • Kielb S, Koo HP, Bloom DA, Faerber GJ. Nephrolithiasis associated with the ketogenic diet. J Urol. 2000 Aug;164(2):464-6.
  • 53. Bergqvist AG, Schall JI, Stallings VA, Zemel BS. Progressive bone mineral content loss in children with intractable epilepsy treated with the ketogenic diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Dec;88(6):1678-84.
  • Coppola G, Verrotti A, D’Aniello A, Arcieri S, Operto FF, Della Corte R, et al. Valproic acid and phenobarbital blood levels during the first month of treatment with the ketogenic diet. Acta Neurol Scand. 2010 Oct;122(4):303- 7.
  • Kossoff EH, Zupec-Kania BA, Auvin S, Ballaban-Gill KR, Bergqvist AG, Blackford R. Optimal clinical management of children receiving dietary therapies for epilepsy: Updated recommendations of the International Ketogenic Diet Study Group. Epilepsia Open [Internet]. 2018 May [cited 2018 Jun 21];3(2):175-192. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/29881797/ DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12225.
  • Vestergaard P. Effects of antiepileptic drugs on bone health and growth potential in children with epilepsy. Paediatr Drugs. 2015 Apr;17(2):141-50.
  • Bergqvist AG, Schall JI, Stallings VA. Vitamin D status in children with intractable epilepsy, and impact of the ketogenic diet. Epilepsia. 2007 Jan;48(1):66-71.
  • Arslan N, Kose E, Guzel O. The Effect of Ketogenic Diet on Serum Selenium Levels in Patients with Intractable Epilepsy. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2017 Jul;178(1):1-6.
  • Bank IM, Shemie SD, Rosenblatt B, Bernard C, Mackie AS. Sudden cardiac death in association with the ketogenic diet. Pediatr Neurol. 2008 Dec;39(6):429-31.
  • Sirikonda NS, Patten WD, Phillips JR, Mullett CJ. Ketogenic diet: rapid onset of selenium deficiency-induced cardiac decompensation. Pediatr Cardiol. 2012 Jun;33(5):834-8.

Current Overview of the Ketogenic Diet Effecst on Refractory Epilepsy

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 123 - 128, 31.01.2022

Öz

Epilepsy is a disease characterized by seizures. In most patients with epilepsy, seizures can be controlled using anti-epileptic drugs, but in the type of epilepsy called resistant epilepsy, drugs are not effective on seizure control. In addition, the undesirable side effects of antiepileptic drugs in some patients lead to the cessation of antiepileptic use. In these and similar cases, the ketogenic diet, which is not a pharmacological treatment type, is considered as an alternative treatment method. The basic reality suggesting that the ketogenic diet can play an effective role in the treatment of epilepsy is that instead of glucose, which is the main energy substrate for neurons, ketone bodies are used in some cases such as hunger. Again, different ketogenic diets have been created to enable the formation of ketone bodies and provide ease and flexibility to the ketogenic diet. Depending on the tolerability of patients in the treatment of epilepsy, one of these ketogenic diet variations can be used. This review was conducted to evaluate the effect of ketogenic diet on epilepsy.

Kaynakça

  • Akbulut G. Tıbbi Beslenme Tedavisinde Güncel Uygulamalar. Ankara, İvedik Yenimahalle;2018.188s.
  • who.int [Internet]. World Health Organisation; 2019 [cited 2019 June 20]. Available from: https://www. who.int/.
  • nöroloji.org [Internet]. Türk Nöroloji Derneği; 2021 [alıntı 17 Ağustos 2021]. Erişim: https://www.noroloji.org.tr/.
  • nhs.uk [Internet]. National Health Service; 2020 [cited 2020 Sep 18]. Available from: https://www. nhs.uk/.
  • van Berkel AA, Dominique MI, Jan MV. Cognitive benefits of the ketogenic diet in patients with epilepsy: A systematic overview Epilepsy Behav [Internet]. 2018 Oct [cited 2018 Aug 31];87:69-77. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30173019/ DOI: 10.1016/j. yebeh.2018.06.004.
  • charliefoundation.or [Internet]. Charlie Foundation; 2021 [cited 2021]. Available from: https://charliefoundation.org/.
  • Armeno M, Caraballo R, Vaccarezza M, Alberti MJ, Ríos V, Galicchio S. National consensus on the ketogenic diet. Rev. Neurol. 2014 Sep;59(5):213-23.
  • epilepsi.com [Internet]. Epilepsy Foundation; 2007 [cited Aug 15]. Available from https://www.epilepsy.com/ .
  • Kim JA, Yoon JR, Lee EJ, Lee JS, Kim JT, Kim HD, et al. Efficacy of the classic ketogenic and the modified Atkins diets in refractory childhood epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2016 Jan;57(1):51-8.
  • Kossoff EH, Cervenka MC, Henry BJ, Haney CA, Turner Z. A decade of the modified Atkins diet (2003–2013): Results, insights, and future directions. Epilepsy Behav. 2013 Dec;29(3):437-42.
  • Zarnowska IM. Therapeutic Use of the Ketogenic Diet in Refractory Epilepsy: What We Know and What Still Needs to Be Learned. Nutrients. 2020 Aug 27;12(9):2616.
  • Pfeifer HH, Thiele EA. Low-glycemic-index treatment: a liberalized ketogenic diet for treatment of intractable epilepsy. Neurology. 2005 Dec 13;65(11):1810-2.
  • Fedorovich SV, Voronina PP, & Waseem TV. Ketogenic diet versus ketoacidosis: what determines the influence of ketone bodies on neurons?. Neural Regen Res. 2018 Dec;13(12):2060-63.
  • Bilge Ç. Epilepsi hastası çocuklarda ketojenik diyetin epileptik nöbet sayısı üzerine etkisinin araştırılması [Internet]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi; 2013.[cited 2013]. Available from: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/ UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp .
  • Fedorovich SV, Voronina PP, Waseem TV. Ketogenic diet versus ketoacidosis: what determines the influence of ketone bodies on neurons? Neural Regen Res. 2018 Dec;13(12):2060-3.
  • D’Andrea Meira I, Romão TT, Pires do Prado HJ, Krüger LT, Pires MEP, da Conceição PO. Ketogenic Diet and Epilepsy: What We Know So Far. Front Neurosci. 2019 Jan 29;13:5.
  • Kim DY, Simeone KA, Simeone TA, Pandya JD, Wilke JC, Ahn Y,et al. Ketone bodies mediate antiseizure effects through mitochondrial permeability transition. Ann Neurol. 2015 Jul;78(1):77-87.
  • Rho JM. How does the ketogenic diet induce anti-seizure effects? Neurosci Lett. 2017 Jan 10;637:4-10.
  • Greene AE, Todorova MT, Seyfried TN. Perspectives on the metabolic management of epilepsy through dietary reduction of glucose and elevation of ketone bodies. J Neurochem. 2003 Aug;86(3):529-37.
  • Garriga-Canut M, Schoenike B, Qazi R, Bergendahl K, Daley TJ, Pfender RM, et al. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose reduces epilepsy progression by NRSF-CtBP-dependent metabolic regulation of chromatin structure. Nat Neurosci. 2006 Nov;9(11):1382-7.
  • Huttenlocher PR. Ketonemia and seizures: metabolic and anticonvulsant effects of two ketogenic diets in childhood epilepsy. Pediatr Res. 1976 May;10(5):536-40.
  • DeVivo DC, Leckie MP, Ferrendelli JS, McDougal DB Jr. Chronic ketosis and cerebral metabolism. Ann Neurol. 1978 Apr;3(4):331-37.
  • Zarnowski T, Tulidowicz-Bielak M, Kosior-Jarecka E, Zarnowska I, A Turski W, Gasior M. A ketogenic diet may offer neuroprotection in glaucoma and mitochondrial diseases of the optic nerve. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol. 2012 Fall;1(3):45-9.
  • Bough KJ, Wetherington J, Hassel B, Pare JF, Gawryluk JW, Greene JG, et al. Mitochondrial biogenesis in the anticonvulsant mechanism of the ketogenic diet. Ann Neurol. 2006 Aug;60(2):223-35.
  • Mironov SL, Richter DW. Intracellular signalling pathways modulate K(ATP) channels in inspiratory brainstem neurones and their hypoxic activation: involvement of metabotropic receptors, G-proteins and cytoskeleton. Brain Res. 2000 Jan 17;853(1):60-7.
  • Li, D.-P., Chen, S.-R., and Pan, H.-L. (2010). Adenosine inhibits paraventricular pre-sympathetic neurons through ATP-dependent potassium channels. J. Neurochem. 113, 530–542.
  • Wang ZJ, Bergqvist C, Hunter JV, Jin D, Wang DJ, Wehrli S, Zimmerma RA. In vivo measurement of brain metabolites using two-dimensionaldouble-quantum MR spectroscopy--exploration of GABA levels in a ketogenic diet. Magn Reson Med. 2003 Apr;49(4):615-9
  • Yudkoff M, Daikhin Y, Horyn O, Nissim I, Nissim I. Ketosis and brain handling of glutamate, glutamine, and GABA. Epilepsia. 2008 Nov;49 Suppl 8(Suppl 8):73-5.
  • Szot P, Weinshenker D, Rho JM, Storey TW, Schwartzkroin PA. Norepinephrine is required for the anticonvulsant effect of the ketogenic diet. Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 2001 Aug 23;129(2):211-4.
  • Olson CA, Vuong HE, Yano JM, Liang QY, Nusbaum DJ, Hsiao EY. The Gut Microbiota Mediates the Anti-Seizure Effects of the Ketogenic Diet. Cell. 2018 Jun 14;173(7):1728-1741.
  • Dupuis N, Curatolo N, Benoist JF, Auvin S. Ketogenic diet exhibits antiinflammatory properties. Epilepsia. 2015 Jul;56(7):e95-8.
  • Shimazu T, Hirschey MD, Newman J, He W, Shirakawa K, Le Moan N, et al. Suppression of oxidative stress by β-hydroxybutyrate, an endogenous histone deacetylase inhibitor. Science. 2013 Jan 11;339(6116):211-4.
  • Martin-McGill KJ , Jenkinson MD , Tudur Smith C, Marson AG. The modified ketogenic diet for adults with refractory epilepsy: An evaluation of a set up service. Seizure [Internet]. 2017 Nov [cited 2017 Sep 1];52:1- 6. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28915401/ DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.08.013.
  • Nei M, Ngo L, Sirven,JI, Sperling MR. Ketogenic diet in adolescents and adults with epilepsy. Seizure [Internet]. 2014 Jun [cited 2014 Mar 12] ;23(6):439-42. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24675110/ DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2014.02.015.
  • Hallböök T, Sjölander A, Amark P, Miranda M, Bjurulf B, Dahlin M. Effectiveness of the ketogenic diet used to treat resistant childhood epilepsy in Scandinavia Eur J Paediatr Neurol [Internet]. 2015 Jan [cited 2014 Oct 6];19(1):29-36. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25457511/ DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2014.09.005. 35.
  • Kumada T , Imai K, Takahashi Y, Nabatame S , Oguni H. Ketogenic diet using a Japanese ketogenic milk for patients with epilepsy:a multi-institutional study. Brain Dev.[Internet]. 2018 Mar [cited 2017 Nov]; 40(3):188-195. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/29183766/ DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2017.11.003.
  • Zhu D, Wang M, Yuan J , Niu G, Zhang G, Sun L. Ketogenic diet effects on neurobehavioral development of children with intractable epilepsy:a retrospective study. Epilepsy Behav. [Internet]. 2016 Feb[cited 2016 Jan 13];55:87-91. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26773676/ DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.12.011.
  • Baby N, Vinayan KP , Pavithran N, Roy AG. A pragmatic study on efficacy ,tolerability and long term acceptance of ketogenic diet therapy in 74 South Indian children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Seizure [Internet]. 2018 May[cited 2018 Mar 21];58:41-46. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/29653328/ DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.03.020.
  • IJff DM, Postulart D, A J E Lambrechts, D, H.J.M Majoie, J A de Kinderen R. Cognitive and behavioral impact of the ketogenic diet in children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy: A randomized controlled trial. Epilepsy Behav. 2016;60:153-157. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/27206235/ DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.04.033.
  • Liu H, Yang Y, Wang Y, Tang H, Zhang F, Zhang Y,et al. Ketogenic diet for treatment of intractable epilepsy in adults: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Epilepsia Open. 2018 Feb 19;3(1):9-17.
  • Miranda MJ, Mortensen M, Povlsen JH, Nielsen H, Beniczky S. Danish study of a modified Atkins diet for medically intractable epilepsy in children: can we achieve the same results as with the classical ketogenic diet? Seizure. 2011 Mar;20(2):151-5.
  • Martin K, Jackson CF, Levy RG, Cooper PN. Ketogenic diet and other dietary treatments for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Feb 9;2:CD001903.
  • Rezaei S, Abdurahman AA, Saghazadeh A, Badv RS, Mahmoudi M. Short-term and long-term efficacy of classical ketogenic diet and modified Atkins diet in children and adolescents with epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Neurosci. 2019 May;22(5):317-334.
  • Park EG, Lee J, Lee J. Use of the Modified Atkins Diet in Intractable Pediatric Epilepsy. J Epilepsy Res. 2018 Jun 30;8(1):20-26.
  • Martin-McGill KJ, Bresnahan R, Levy RG, Cooper PN. Ketogenic diets for drug-resistant epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Jun 24;6(6):CD001903.
  • Zare M, Okhovat AA, Esmaillzadeh A, Mehvari J, Najafi MR, Saadatnia M. Modified Atkins diet in adult with refractory epilepsy: A controlled randomized clinical trial. Iran J Neurol. 2017 Apr 4;16(2):72-77.
  • Payne NE, Cross JH, Sander JW, Sisodiya SM. The ketogenic and related diets in adolescents and adults--a review. Epilepsia. 2011 Nov;52(11):1941- 8.
  • Kim SH, Kang HC, Lee EJ, Lee JS, Kim HD. Low glycemic index treatment in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Brain Dev. 2017 Sep;39(8):687-692.
  • Rezaei S, Harsini S, Kavoosi M, Badv RS, Mahmoudi M. Efficacy of low glycemic index treatment in epileptic patients: a systematic review. Acta Neurol Belg. 2018 Sep;118(3):339-349.
  • Cai QY, Zhou ZJ, Luo R, Gan J, Li SP, Mu DZ, et al. Safety and tolerability of the ketogenic diet used for the treatment of refractory childhood epilepsy: a systematic review of published prospective studies. World J Pediatr. 2017 Dec;13(6):528-536.
  • Kwiterovich PO Jr, Vining EP, Pyzik P, Skolasky R Jr, Freeman JM. Effect of a high-fat ketogenic diet on plasma levels of lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins in children. JAMA. 2003 Aug 20;290(7):912-20.
  • Kielb S, Koo HP, Bloom DA, Faerber GJ. Nephrolithiasis associated with the ketogenic diet. J Urol. 2000 Aug;164(2):464-6.
  • 53. Bergqvist AG, Schall JI, Stallings VA, Zemel BS. Progressive bone mineral content loss in children with intractable epilepsy treated with the ketogenic diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Dec;88(6):1678-84.
  • Coppola G, Verrotti A, D’Aniello A, Arcieri S, Operto FF, Della Corte R, et al. Valproic acid and phenobarbital blood levels during the first month of treatment with the ketogenic diet. Acta Neurol Scand. 2010 Oct;122(4):303- 7.
  • Kossoff EH, Zupec-Kania BA, Auvin S, Ballaban-Gill KR, Bergqvist AG, Blackford R. Optimal clinical management of children receiving dietary therapies for epilepsy: Updated recommendations of the International Ketogenic Diet Study Group. Epilepsia Open [Internet]. 2018 May [cited 2018 Jun 21];3(2):175-192. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/29881797/ DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12225.
  • Vestergaard P. Effects of antiepileptic drugs on bone health and growth potential in children with epilepsy. Paediatr Drugs. 2015 Apr;17(2):141-50.
  • Bergqvist AG, Schall JI, Stallings VA. Vitamin D status in children with intractable epilepsy, and impact of the ketogenic diet. Epilepsia. 2007 Jan;48(1):66-71.
  • Arslan N, Kose E, Guzel O. The Effect of Ketogenic Diet on Serum Selenium Levels in Patients with Intractable Epilepsy. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2017 Jul;178(1):1-6.
  • Bank IM, Shemie SD, Rosenblatt B, Bernard C, Mackie AS. Sudden cardiac death in association with the ketogenic diet. Pediatr Neurol. 2008 Dec;39(6):429-31.
  • Sirikonda NS, Patten WD, Phillips JR, Mullett CJ. Ketogenic diet: rapid onset of selenium deficiency-induced cardiac decompensation. Pediatr Cardiol. 2012 Jun;33(5):834-8.
Toplam 60 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Gizem Alaca Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-6991-8344

Gülşah Kaner 0000-0001-5882-6049

Gamze Yurtdaş 0000-0001-5410-7231

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Ocak 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ocak 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Mayıs 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Alaca, G., Kaner, G., & Yurtdaş, G. (2022). Ketojenik Diyetin Dirençli Epilepsi Üzerine Etkisine Güncel Bakış. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 123-128.
AMA Alaca G, Kaner G, Yurtdaş G. Ketojenik Diyetin Dirençli Epilepsi Üzerine Etkisine Güncel Bakış. İKÇÜSBFD. Ocak 2022;7(1):123-128.
Chicago Alaca, Gizem, Gülşah Kaner, ve Gamze Yurtdaş. “Ketojenik Diyetin Dirençli Epilepsi Üzerine Etkisine Güncel Bakış”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 7, sy. 1 (Ocak 2022): 123-28.
EndNote Alaca G, Kaner G, Yurtdaş G (01 Ocak 2022) Ketojenik Diyetin Dirençli Epilepsi Üzerine Etkisine Güncel Bakış. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 7 1 123–128.
IEEE G. Alaca, G. Kaner, ve G. Yurtdaş, “Ketojenik Diyetin Dirençli Epilepsi Üzerine Etkisine Güncel Bakış”, İKÇÜSBFD, c. 7, sy. 1, ss. 123–128, 2022.
ISNAD Alaca, Gizem vd. “Ketojenik Diyetin Dirençli Epilepsi Üzerine Etkisine Güncel Bakış”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 7/1 (Ocak 2022), 123-128.
JAMA Alaca G, Kaner G, Yurtdaş G. Ketojenik Diyetin Dirençli Epilepsi Üzerine Etkisine Güncel Bakış. İKÇÜSBFD. 2022;7:123–128.
MLA Alaca, Gizem vd. “Ketojenik Diyetin Dirençli Epilepsi Üzerine Etkisine Güncel Bakış”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 7, sy. 1, 2022, ss. 123-8.
Vancouver Alaca G, Kaner G, Yurtdaş G. Ketojenik Diyetin Dirençli Epilepsi Üzerine Etkisine Güncel Bakış. İKÇÜSBFD. 2022;7(1):123-8.