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Investigating the Anthropometric Variables and Bio-Motoric Properties in Male and Female Swimmers

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4, 274 - 284, 17.12.2017

Öz

The
purpose of this study was to investigate the anthropometric features, and some
bio-motoric properties in young male and female swimmers. Furthermore, this
study aimed to investigate the relationship between anthropometric and
bio-motoric variables considering the gender differences. Eighteen male and
seventeen female amateur swimmers (mean age = 13.4 ± 2.9 and 12.7 ± 2.2 years
respectively) volunteered to participate in this study. All swimmers were
member of the same team who had trained at least for 3 days in a week. The
anthropometric features were evaluated by height, weight, skinfold thicknesses
(triceps, biceps, pectoral chest,
midaxillary, abdominal, subscapular, midthigh, suprailium, supraspinale, and
calf skinfold thicknesses), breadth, and girth measurements, and body
fat. The bio-motoric variables were limited with flexibility, squat jump (SJ),
counter movement jump (CMJ), and handgrip strength. The results showed that
there was no significant differences between groups for age, height, weight,
skinfold thicknesses and ∑8 skinfolds (p>0.05). However, there was a
significant difference between groups for body fat (p<0.01), humerus and
femur breadth values (p<0.01), and for waist girth values (p<0.05). There
was significant differences between male and female swimmers for investigated
bio-motoric properties. The results showed that the SJ and CMJ values were
significantly related with height, weight, breadth, and girth measurements
(p<0.01) in male swimmers. On the other hand, no such relationship was found
in female swimmers.
In
c
onclusion, present study indicated that there were
significant differences between genders, with favor results for male swimmers.
The determination of anthropometric properties may help the trainers to predict
and follow the swimmers’ performance. 

Kaynakça

  • Ayan V, Kavi N (2016). “The study of the somatotypes and the horizontal jump performance characteristics of the female swimmers aged between 8 and 14.” International Journal of Science Culture and Sport (IntJSCS), 4(special issue 1): 23-30.
  • Bencke J, Damsgaard R, Saekmose A, Jørgensen P, Jørgensen K, Klausen K (2002). “Anaerobic power and muscle strength characteristics of 11 years old elite and non-elite boys and girls from gymnastics, team handball, tennis and swimming.” Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 12(3):171-178.
  • Benjanuvatra N, Edmunds K, Blanksby B (2007). "Jumping abilities and swimming grab-start performances in elite and recreational swimmers." International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education, 1(3): 231-241.
  • Bosco C, Tsarpela O, Foti C, Cardinale M, Tihanyi J, Bonifazi M, Viru M, Viru, A. (2002). "Mechanical behaviour of leg extensor muscles in male and female sprinters." Biology of Sport, 19(3): 189-202.
  • Busko K, Gajewski J (2011). "Muscle strength and power of elite female and male swimmers." Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 3(1): 13-18
  • Cicchella A, Jidong L, Jürimäe T, Zini M, Passariello C, Rizzo L, Stefanelli C (2009). "Anthropometric comparison between young Estonian and Chinese swimmers." Journal of Human Sport and Exercise online, 4(2): 154-160.
  • Çelebi Ş (2008). "We investigate body structural and functional properties in 9-13 year children who takes swimming training [Yüzme antrenmanı yaptırılan 9-13 yaş grubu ilköğretim öğrencilerinde vücut yapısal ve fonksiyonel özelliklerinin incelenmesi]" Master Thesis, Health Sciences Institute, Physical Education and Sports Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri.
  • Eston R, Reilly T (Eds.) (2009). "Kinanthropometry and exercise physiology laboratory manual: tests, procedures and data." Volume 1: Anthropometry, USA and Canada, Routledge.
  • Fagnani F, Giombini A, Di Cesare A, Pigozzi F, Di Salvo V (2006). "The effects of a whole-body vibration program on muscle performance and flexibility in female athletes." American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(12): 956-962.
  • Geladas ND, Nassis GP, Pavlicevic S (2005). "Somatic and physical traits affecting sprint swimming performance in young swimmers." International Journal of Sports Medicine, 26(2): 139-144.
  • Guzman RJ (2007). The Swimming Drill Book, Human Kinetics.
  • Knechtle B, Baumann B, Knechtle P, Rosemann T (2010). "Speed during training and anthropometric measures in relation to race performance by male and female open-water ultra-endurance swimmers." Perceptual and Motor Skills, 111(2): 463-474
  • Koley S, Kaur SP, Sandhu JS (2011). "Correlations of handgrip strength and some anthropometric variables in Indian inter-university female handball players." Sport Science Review, 20(3-4): 57-68.
  • Komi PV, Karlsson J (1978). "Skeletal muscle fibre types, enzyme activities and physical performance in young males and females." Acta Physiologica, 103(2): 210-218.
  • Maglischo EW (2003). Swimming fastest: The essential reference on technique, training, and program design. Human Kinetics.
  • Mameletzi D, Siatras T, Tsalis G, Kellis S (2003). "The relationship between lean body mass and isokinetic peak torque of knee extensors and flexors in young male and female swimmers." Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 11(3): 159-163.
  • Mayhew JL, Salm PC (1990). "Gender differences in anaerobic power tests." European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 60(2): 133-138.
  • McLean SP, Hinrichs RN (1998). "Sex differences in the centre of buoyancy location of competitive swimmers." Journal of Sports Sciences, 16(4): 373-383.
  • Newton RU, Rogers RA, Volek JS, Häkkinen K, Kraemer, WJ (2006). "Four weeks of optimal load ballistic resistance training at the end of season attenuates declining jump performance of women volleyball players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20(4): 955-961.
  • Patterson C, Raschner C, Platzer HP (2009). "Power variables and bilateral force differences during unloaded and loaded squat jumps in high performance alpine ski racers". Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(3): 779-787.
  • Perez-Gomez J, Rodriguez GV, Ara I, Olmedillas H, Chavarren J, González-Henriquez JJ, Calbet JA (2008). "Role of muscle mass on sprint performance: gender differences?" European Journal of Applied Physiology, 102(6): 685-694.
  • Riggs MP, Sheppard JM (2009). "The relative importance of strength and power qualities to vertical jump height of elite beach volleyball players during the counter-movement and squat jump." Journal of Human Sport and Exercise online, 4(3): 221-236.
  • Rogers C (1990). "Exercise physiology laboratory manual." Dubuque: Wm C Brown Publishers. Salo D, Riewald SA (2008). Complete conditioning for swimming. Human kinetics
  • Sheppard JM, Cronin JB, Gabbett TJ, McGuigan MR, Etxebarria N, Newton RU (2008). "Relative importance of strength, power, and anthropometric measures to jump performance of elite volleyball players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(3): 758-765.
  • Siri WE (1956). The gross composition of the body. Adv Biol Med Phys, 4(239-279): 513
  • Zampagni ML, Casino D, Benelli P, Visani A, Marcacci M, De Vito G (2008). "Anthropometric and strength variables to predict freestyle performance times in elite master swimmers." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(4): 1298-1307
Yıl 2017, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4, 274 - 284, 17.12.2017

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ayan V, Kavi N (2016). “The study of the somatotypes and the horizontal jump performance characteristics of the female swimmers aged between 8 and 14.” International Journal of Science Culture and Sport (IntJSCS), 4(special issue 1): 23-30.
  • Bencke J, Damsgaard R, Saekmose A, Jørgensen P, Jørgensen K, Klausen K (2002). “Anaerobic power and muscle strength characteristics of 11 years old elite and non-elite boys and girls from gymnastics, team handball, tennis and swimming.” Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 12(3):171-178.
  • Benjanuvatra N, Edmunds K, Blanksby B (2007). "Jumping abilities and swimming grab-start performances in elite and recreational swimmers." International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education, 1(3): 231-241.
  • Bosco C, Tsarpela O, Foti C, Cardinale M, Tihanyi J, Bonifazi M, Viru M, Viru, A. (2002). "Mechanical behaviour of leg extensor muscles in male and female sprinters." Biology of Sport, 19(3): 189-202.
  • Busko K, Gajewski J (2011). "Muscle strength and power of elite female and male swimmers." Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 3(1): 13-18
  • Cicchella A, Jidong L, Jürimäe T, Zini M, Passariello C, Rizzo L, Stefanelli C (2009). "Anthropometric comparison between young Estonian and Chinese swimmers." Journal of Human Sport and Exercise online, 4(2): 154-160.
  • Çelebi Ş (2008). "We investigate body structural and functional properties in 9-13 year children who takes swimming training [Yüzme antrenmanı yaptırılan 9-13 yaş grubu ilköğretim öğrencilerinde vücut yapısal ve fonksiyonel özelliklerinin incelenmesi]" Master Thesis, Health Sciences Institute, Physical Education and Sports Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri.
  • Eston R, Reilly T (Eds.) (2009). "Kinanthropometry and exercise physiology laboratory manual: tests, procedures and data." Volume 1: Anthropometry, USA and Canada, Routledge.
  • Fagnani F, Giombini A, Di Cesare A, Pigozzi F, Di Salvo V (2006). "The effects of a whole-body vibration program on muscle performance and flexibility in female athletes." American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(12): 956-962.
  • Geladas ND, Nassis GP, Pavlicevic S (2005). "Somatic and physical traits affecting sprint swimming performance in young swimmers." International Journal of Sports Medicine, 26(2): 139-144.
  • Guzman RJ (2007). The Swimming Drill Book, Human Kinetics.
  • Knechtle B, Baumann B, Knechtle P, Rosemann T (2010). "Speed during training and anthropometric measures in relation to race performance by male and female open-water ultra-endurance swimmers." Perceptual and Motor Skills, 111(2): 463-474
  • Koley S, Kaur SP, Sandhu JS (2011). "Correlations of handgrip strength and some anthropometric variables in Indian inter-university female handball players." Sport Science Review, 20(3-4): 57-68.
  • Komi PV, Karlsson J (1978). "Skeletal muscle fibre types, enzyme activities and physical performance in young males and females." Acta Physiologica, 103(2): 210-218.
  • Maglischo EW (2003). Swimming fastest: The essential reference on technique, training, and program design. Human Kinetics.
  • Mameletzi D, Siatras T, Tsalis G, Kellis S (2003). "The relationship between lean body mass and isokinetic peak torque of knee extensors and flexors in young male and female swimmers." Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 11(3): 159-163.
  • Mayhew JL, Salm PC (1990). "Gender differences in anaerobic power tests." European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 60(2): 133-138.
  • McLean SP, Hinrichs RN (1998). "Sex differences in the centre of buoyancy location of competitive swimmers." Journal of Sports Sciences, 16(4): 373-383.
  • Newton RU, Rogers RA, Volek JS, Häkkinen K, Kraemer, WJ (2006). "Four weeks of optimal load ballistic resistance training at the end of season attenuates declining jump performance of women volleyball players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20(4): 955-961.
  • Patterson C, Raschner C, Platzer HP (2009). "Power variables and bilateral force differences during unloaded and loaded squat jumps in high performance alpine ski racers". Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(3): 779-787.
  • Perez-Gomez J, Rodriguez GV, Ara I, Olmedillas H, Chavarren J, González-Henriquez JJ, Calbet JA (2008). "Role of muscle mass on sprint performance: gender differences?" European Journal of Applied Physiology, 102(6): 685-694.
  • Riggs MP, Sheppard JM (2009). "The relative importance of strength and power qualities to vertical jump height of elite beach volleyball players during the counter-movement and squat jump." Journal of Human Sport and Exercise online, 4(3): 221-236.
  • Rogers C (1990). "Exercise physiology laboratory manual." Dubuque: Wm C Brown Publishers. Salo D, Riewald SA (2008). Complete conditioning for swimming. Human kinetics
  • Sheppard JM, Cronin JB, Gabbett TJ, McGuigan MR, Etxebarria N, Newton RU (2008). "Relative importance of strength, power, and anthropometric measures to jump performance of elite volleyball players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(3): 758-765.
  • Siri WE (1956). The gross composition of the body. Adv Biol Med Phys, 4(239-279): 513
  • Zampagni ML, Casino D, Benelli P, Visani A, Marcacci M, De Vito G (2008). "Anthropometric and strength variables to predict freestyle performance times in elite master swimmers." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(4): 1298-1307
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Bircan Dokumacı

Cihan Aygün

Demet Demir Doğan Bu kişi benim

Hayriye Çakır Atabek Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 17 Aralık 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Dokumacı, B., Aygün, C., Demir Doğan, D., Çakır Atabek, H. (2017). Investigating the Anthropometric Variables and Bio-Motoric Properties in Male and Female Swimmers. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 5(4), 274-284.
IntJSCS is published by International Science Culture and Sport Association (ISCSA).