Enhancement of Shear Strength in Lap Joints with Different Surface Patterns

Harun Yaka; Levent Semiz; Harun Akkuş

Araştırma Makalesi

Enhancement of Shear Strength in Lap Joints with Different Surface Patterns

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 1469 - 1480, 05.07.2023

Harun Yaka Levent Semiz Harun Akkuş

Öz

In this study, surface patterning with CNC vertical machining center was applied to aluminum surface for the enhancement of the shear strength of the epoxy bonded lap joints. It was found that the pattern shape affected shear strength and among vertical, square, horizontal, 45 degree and diamond patterns, 45 degree provided the highest shear strength of 24.6 MPa. Moreover, the pattern features also affected the shear strength. Decrease in the depth led to slightly lower shear strength, whereas increase in the depth gave slight enhancement. The optimum depth was found as 300 μm and the obtained shear strength was calculated as 25.5 MPa. Additionally, increase in the width length led to lower shear strength. On the other hand, decrease in the width length provided higher shear strength. The increment became smaller as the width length increased. Also, after a point, the trend reversed and the shear strength decrease slightly. The optimum width length and the corresponding shear strength were found as 1.0 mm and 28.0 MPa, respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Shear strength, Epoxy, Lap joint, Surface pattern, CNC

Proje Numarası

FMB-BAP 20-0436

Kaynakça

Hunter R., Möller J., Vizán A., Pérez J., Molina J., Leyrer J. Experimental study of the effect of microspheres and milled glass in the adhesive on the mechanical adhesion of single lap joints. J. Adhes. 2017; 93(11): 879-895.
Ayatollahi M. R., Nemati Giv A., Razavi S. M. J., Khoramishad H. Mechanical properties of adhesively single lap-bonded joints reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and silica nanoparticles. Journal of Adhesion 2017; 93(11): 896-913.
Wang B., Bai Y., Hu X., Lu P. Enhanced epoxy adhesion between steel plates by surface treatment and CNT/short-fibre reinforcement. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2016; 127: 149-157.
Akiyama, H., Fukata, T., Sato, T., Horiuchi, S., Sato, C. Influence of surface contaminants on the adhesion strength of structural adhesives with aluminium. The Journal of Adhesion 2020; 96(15): 1311-1325.
Wang B., Bai Y., Hu X., Lu P. Shear strength of epoxy adhesive joint between steel substrates with indented patterns. J. Adhes. 2017; 93(9): 657-666.
Nemati Giv A., Ayatollahi M. R., Razavi S. M. J., Khoramishad H. The effect of orientations of metal macrofiber reinforcements on mechanical properties of adhesively bonded single lap joints. J. Adhes. 2018; 94(7): 541-561.
Morfini, I., Goglio, L., Belingardi, G., & Nassar, S. A. Effect of autoclave cure time and bonded surface roughness on the static and fatigue performance of polyurethane film Adhesive Single lap joints. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2019; 92: 37-43 . Safari, A., Farahani, M., Ghabezi, P. Experimental study on the influences of different surface treatment processes and adhesive type on the aluminum adhesive-bonded joint strength. Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines 2022; 50(7): 2400-2413.
Kwon, D. J., Kim, J. H., Kim, Y. J., Kim, J. J., Park, S. M., Kwon, I. J., Park, J. M. Comparison of interfacial adhesion of hybrid materials of aluminum/carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites with different surface roughness. Composites Part B: Engineering 2019; 170: 11-18.
Bangash, M. K., Casalegno, V., Das, A. K., des Ambrois, S. D. L. P., Ferraris, M. Surface machining of Ti6Al4V by means of Micro-Electrical Discharging to improve adhesive joining. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2020; 286: 116813.
Sim, K. B., Baek, D., Shin, J. H., Shim, G. S., Jang, S. W., Kim, H. J., Roh, J. U. Enhanced surface properties of carbon fiber reinforced plastic by epoxy modified primer with plasma for automotive applications. Polymers 2020; 12(3): 556.
Pizzorni M., Lertora E., Gambaro C., Mandolfino C., Salerno M., Prato M. Low-pressure plasma treatment of CFRP substrates for epoxy-adhesive bonding: an investigation of the effect of various process gases. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2019; 102(9): 3021-3035.
Zhang, Y., Hasegawa, K., Kamo, S., Takagi, K., Takahara, A. Enhanced adhesion effect of epoxy resin on carbon fiber-reinforced Poly (etheretherketone) via surface initiated photopolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate. Polymer 2020; 209: 123036.
Baby, M., Periya, V. K., Sankaranarayanan, S. K., Maniyeri, S. C. Bioinspired surface activators for wet/dry environments through greener epoxy-catechol amine chemistry. Applied Surface Science 2020; 505: 144414.
Shokrian, M. D., Shelesh-Nezhad, K., Najjar, R. The effects of Al surface treatment, adhesive thickness and microcapsule inclusion on the shear strength of bonded joints. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2019; 89: 139-147.
Delzendehrooy, F., Ayatollahi, M. R., Akhavan-Safar, A., da Silva, L. F. M. Strength improvement of adhesively bonded single lap joints with date palm fibers: Effect of type, size, treatment method and density of fibers. Composites Part B: Engineering 2020; 188: 107874.
Li, X., Ehrhardt, M., Lorenz, P., Han, B., Lai, S., Zimmer, K., Ni, X. Influence of surface treatment with infrared nanosecond laser on adhesion performance of adhesion-bonded carbon fiber/epoxy composite. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 2020; 34(13): 1399-1425.
Xie, Y., Yang, B., Lu, L., Wan, Z., Liu, X. Shear strength of bonded joints of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates enhanced by a two-step laser surface treatment. Composite Structures 2020; 232; 111559.
Mandolfino, C., Obeidi, M., Lertora, E., Brabazon, D. Comparing the adhesion strength of 316L stainless steel joints after laser surface texturing by CO2 and fiber lasers. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 2020; 109(3): 1059-1069.
Sorrentino, L., Marfia, S., Parodo, G., Sacco, E. Laser treatment surface: An innovative method to increase the adhesive bonding of ENF joints in CFRP. Composite Structures 2020; 233: 111638.
O. Çoban, E. Akman, M. Ö. Bora, B. Genc Oztoprak, and A. Demir, “Laser surface treatment of CFRP composites for a better adhesive bonding owing to the mechanical interlocking mechanism. Polym. Compos. 2019; 40(9): 3611-3622.
Pawlik, M., Lu, Y., Le, H. Effects of surface modification and graphene nanoplatelet reinforcement on adhesive joint of aluminium alloys. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2020; 99: 102591.
Van Dam, J. P. B., Abrahami, S. T., Yilmaz, A., Gonzalez-Garcia, Y., Terryn, H., Mol, J. M. C. Effect of surface roughness and chemistry on the adhesion and durability of a steel-epoxy adhesive interface. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2020; 96: 102450.
Rudawska, A., Zaleski, K., Miturska, I., Skoczylas, A. Effect of the application of different surface treatment methods on the strength of titanium alloy sheet adhesive lap joints. Materials 2019; 12(24): 4173.
Mehr, M. E., Aghamohammadi, H., Abbandanak, S. H., Aghamirzadeh, G. R., Eslami-Farsani, R., Siadati, S. M. H. Effects of applying a combination of surface treatments on the mechanical behavior of basalt fiber metal laminates. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2019; 92: 133-141.
Kanani, A. Y., Hou, X., Ye, J. A novel dissimilar single-lap joint with interfacial stiffness improvement. Composite structures 2020; 252: 112741.
Bora, M. Ö., Çoban, O., Akman, E., Oztoprak, B. G., Kutluk, T. Comparison of novel surface treatments of Al 2024 alloy for al/cfrp adhesive bonded joints. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2020; 103: 102721.
Sun, F., Pruncu, C. I., Penchev, P., Jiang, J., Dimov, S., Blackman, B. R. K. Influence of surface micropatterns on the mode I fracture toughness of adhesively bonded joints. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2020; 103: 102718.
Suzuki, A., Noritake, K., Takata, N., Kobashi, M. Joint strength of Fe/epoxy resin hybrid structure via porous Fe/TiB2 composite layer synthesized by in-situ reaction process. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2021; 288: 116843.
Yudhanto, A., Almulhim, M., Kamal, F., Tao, R., Fatta, L., Alfano, M., Lubineau, G. Enhancement of fracture toughness in secondary bonded CFRP using hybrid thermoplastic/thermoset bondline architecture. Composites Science and Technology 2020; 199: 108346.
Tuovinen, J., Salstela, J., Karim, M. R., Koistinen, A., Suvanto, M., Pakkanen, T. T. High adhesion between aluminum and unsaturated polyester through hierarchical surface patterning. The Journal of Adhesion 2021; 97(5): 417-437.
Feng, Z., Zhao, H., Tan, C., Zhu, B., Xia, F., Wang, Q., Song, X. Effect of laser texturing on the surface characteristics and bonding property of 30CrMnSiA steel adhesive joints. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 2019; 47: 219-228.

Farklı Yüzey Desenli Bindirmeli Bağlantılarda Kesme Mukavemetinin İyileştirilmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 1469 - 1480, 05.07.2023

Harun Yaka Levent Semiz Harun Akkuş

Öz

Bu çalışmada, epoksi ile bağlanmış bindirmeli bağlantıların kayma mukavemetinin arttırılması amacıyla, alüminyum yüzeylere CNC ile yüzey desenleme işlemi uygulanmıştır. İşleme şeklinin kayma mukavemetini etkilediği görülmüş ve dikey, kare, yatay, 45 derece ve baklava şekillerinden 45 derece şeklinin 24,6 MPa ile en yüksek mukavemeti verdiği gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca şekil özelliklerinin de mukavemeti etkilediği anlaşılmıştır. Derinlikteki azalma daha düşük kayma mukavemetine yol açarken, artma ise daha yüksek değerler sağlamıştır. Optimum derinlik 300 μm olarak bulunmuş ve elde edilen kayma mukavemeti 24,6 MPa olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bunların yanı sıra, şekil genişliğinin artması daha düşük mukavemete yol açmıştır. Diğer yandan genişliğin azalması ise daha yüksek mukavemet sağlamıştır. Ayrıca, bir noktadan sonra trend tersine dönmüş ve mukavemette azalma gözlenmiştir. Optimum genişlik ve sağladığı kayma mukavemeti sırasıyla 1,0 mm ve 28,0 MPa olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kesme mukavemeti, Epoksi, Bindirmeli bağlantı, Yüzey deseni, CNC

Destekleyen Kurum

Amasya Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü

Proje Numarası

FMB-BAP 20-0436

Kaynakça

Hunter R., Möller J., Vizán A., Pérez J., Molina J., Leyrer J. Experimental study of the effect of microspheres and milled glass in the adhesive on the mechanical adhesion of single lap joints. J. Adhes. 2017; 93(11): 879-895.
Ayatollahi M. R., Nemati Giv A., Razavi S. M. J., Khoramishad H. Mechanical properties of adhesively single lap-bonded joints reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and silica nanoparticles. Journal of Adhesion 2017; 93(11): 896-913.
Wang B., Bai Y., Hu X., Lu P. Enhanced epoxy adhesion between steel plates by surface treatment and CNT/short-fibre reinforcement. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2016; 127: 149-157.
Akiyama, H., Fukata, T., Sato, T., Horiuchi, S., Sato, C. Influence of surface contaminants on the adhesion strength of structural adhesives with aluminium. The Journal of Adhesion 2020; 96(15): 1311-1325.
Wang B., Bai Y., Hu X., Lu P. Shear strength of epoxy adhesive joint between steel substrates with indented patterns. J. Adhes. 2017; 93(9): 657-666.
Nemati Giv A., Ayatollahi M. R., Razavi S. M. J., Khoramishad H. The effect of orientations of metal macrofiber reinforcements on mechanical properties of adhesively bonded single lap joints. J. Adhes. 2018; 94(7): 541-561.
Morfini, I., Goglio, L., Belingardi, G., & Nassar, S. A. Effect of autoclave cure time and bonded surface roughness on the static and fatigue performance of polyurethane film Adhesive Single lap joints. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2019; 92: 37-43 . Safari, A., Farahani, M., Ghabezi, P. Experimental study on the influences of different surface treatment processes and adhesive type on the aluminum adhesive-bonded joint strength. Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines 2022; 50(7): 2400-2413.
Kwon, D. J., Kim, J. H., Kim, Y. J., Kim, J. J., Park, S. M., Kwon, I. J., Park, J. M. Comparison of interfacial adhesion of hybrid materials of aluminum/carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites with different surface roughness. Composites Part B: Engineering 2019; 170: 11-18.
Bangash, M. K., Casalegno, V., Das, A. K., des Ambrois, S. D. L. P., Ferraris, M. Surface machining of Ti6Al4V by means of Micro-Electrical Discharging to improve adhesive joining. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2020; 286: 116813.
Sim, K. B., Baek, D., Shin, J. H., Shim, G. S., Jang, S. W., Kim, H. J., Roh, J. U. Enhanced surface properties of carbon fiber reinforced plastic by epoxy modified primer with plasma for automotive applications. Polymers 2020; 12(3): 556.
Pizzorni M., Lertora E., Gambaro C., Mandolfino C., Salerno M., Prato M. Low-pressure plasma treatment of CFRP substrates for epoxy-adhesive bonding: an investigation of the effect of various process gases. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2019; 102(9): 3021-3035.
Zhang, Y., Hasegawa, K., Kamo, S., Takagi, K., Takahara, A. Enhanced adhesion effect of epoxy resin on carbon fiber-reinforced Poly (etheretherketone) via surface initiated photopolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate. Polymer 2020; 209: 123036.
Baby, M., Periya, V. K., Sankaranarayanan, S. K., Maniyeri, S. C. Bioinspired surface activators for wet/dry environments through greener epoxy-catechol amine chemistry. Applied Surface Science 2020; 505: 144414.
Shokrian, M. D., Shelesh-Nezhad, K., Najjar, R. The effects of Al surface treatment, adhesive thickness and microcapsule inclusion on the shear strength of bonded joints. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2019; 89: 139-147.
Delzendehrooy, F., Ayatollahi, M. R., Akhavan-Safar, A., da Silva, L. F. M. Strength improvement of adhesively bonded single lap joints with date palm fibers: Effect of type, size, treatment method and density of fibers. Composites Part B: Engineering 2020; 188: 107874.
Li, X., Ehrhardt, M., Lorenz, P., Han, B., Lai, S., Zimmer, K., Ni, X. Influence of surface treatment with infrared nanosecond laser on adhesion performance of adhesion-bonded carbon fiber/epoxy composite. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 2020; 34(13): 1399-1425.
Xie, Y., Yang, B., Lu, L., Wan, Z., Liu, X. Shear strength of bonded joints of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates enhanced by a two-step laser surface treatment. Composite Structures 2020; 232; 111559.
Mandolfino, C., Obeidi, M., Lertora, E., Brabazon, D. Comparing the adhesion strength of 316L stainless steel joints after laser surface texturing by CO2 and fiber lasers. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 2020; 109(3): 1059-1069.
Sorrentino, L., Marfia, S., Parodo, G., Sacco, E. Laser treatment surface: An innovative method to increase the adhesive bonding of ENF joints in CFRP. Composite Structures 2020; 233: 111638.
O. Çoban, E. Akman, M. Ö. Bora, B. Genc Oztoprak, and A. Demir, “Laser surface treatment of CFRP composites for a better adhesive bonding owing to the mechanical interlocking mechanism. Polym. Compos. 2019; 40(9): 3611-3622.
Pawlik, M., Lu, Y., Le, H. Effects of surface modification and graphene nanoplatelet reinforcement on adhesive joint of aluminium alloys. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2020; 99: 102591.
Van Dam, J. P. B., Abrahami, S. T., Yilmaz, A., Gonzalez-Garcia, Y., Terryn, H., Mol, J. M. C. Effect of surface roughness and chemistry on the adhesion and durability of a steel-epoxy adhesive interface. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2020; 96: 102450.
Rudawska, A., Zaleski, K., Miturska, I., Skoczylas, A. Effect of the application of different surface treatment methods on the strength of titanium alloy sheet adhesive lap joints. Materials 2019; 12(24): 4173.
Mehr, M. E., Aghamohammadi, H., Abbandanak, S. H., Aghamirzadeh, G. R., Eslami-Farsani, R., Siadati, S. M. H. Effects of applying a combination of surface treatments on the mechanical behavior of basalt fiber metal laminates. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2019; 92: 133-141.
Kanani, A. Y., Hou, X., Ye, J. A novel dissimilar single-lap joint with interfacial stiffness improvement. Composite structures 2020; 252: 112741.
Bora, M. Ö., Çoban, O., Akman, E., Oztoprak, B. G., Kutluk, T. Comparison of novel surface treatments of Al 2024 alloy for al/cfrp adhesive bonded joints. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2020; 103: 102721.
Sun, F., Pruncu, C. I., Penchev, P., Jiang, J., Dimov, S., Blackman, B. R. K. Influence of surface micropatterns on the mode I fracture toughness of adhesively bonded joints. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2020; 103: 102718.
Suzuki, A., Noritake, K., Takata, N., Kobashi, M. Joint strength of Fe/epoxy resin hybrid structure via porous Fe/TiB2 composite layer synthesized by in-situ reaction process. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2021; 288: 116843.
Yudhanto, A., Almulhim, M., Kamal, F., Tao, R., Fatta, L., Alfano, M., Lubineau, G. Enhancement of fracture toughness in secondary bonded CFRP using hybrid thermoplastic/thermoset bondline architecture. Composites Science and Technology 2020; 199: 108346.
Tuovinen, J., Salstela, J., Karim, M. R., Koistinen, A., Suvanto, M., Pakkanen, T. T. High adhesion between aluminum and unsaturated polyester through hierarchical surface patterning. The Journal of Adhesion 2021; 97(5): 417-437.
Feng, Z., Zhao, H., Tan, C., Zhu, B., Xia, F., Wang, Q., Song, X. Effect of laser texturing on the surface characteristics and bonding property of 30CrMnSiA steel adhesive joints. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 2019; 47: 219-228.

Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Makine Mühendisliği
Bölüm	Araştırma Makaleleri (RESEARCH ARTICLES)
Yazarlar	Harun Yaka 0000-0003-4859-9609 Levent Semiz 0000-0002-3218-4663 Harun Akkuş 0000-0002-9033-309X
Proje Numarası	FMB-BAP 20-0436
Yayımlanma Tarihi	5 Temmuz 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi	3 Ekim 2022
Kabul Tarihi	24 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2023 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA	Yaka, H., Semiz, L., & Akkuş, H. (2023). Enhancement of Shear Strength in Lap Joints with Different Surface Patterns. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2), 1469-1480.
AMA	Yaka H, Semiz L, Akkuş H. Enhancement of Shear Strength in Lap Joints with Different Surface Patterns. OKÜ Fen Bil. Ens. Dergisi ((OKU Journal of Nat. & App. Sci). Temmuz 2023;6(2):1469-1480.
Chicago	Yaka, Harun, Levent Semiz, ve Harun Akkuş. “Enhancement of Shear Strength in Lap Joints With Different Surface Patterns”. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 6, sy. 2 (Temmuz 2023): 1469-80.
EndNote	Yaka H, Semiz L, Akkuş H (01 Temmuz 2023) Enhancement of Shear Strength in Lap Joints with Different Surface Patterns. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 6 2 1469–1480.
IEEE	H. Yaka, L. Semiz, ve H. Akkuş, “Enhancement of Shear Strength in Lap Joints with Different Surface Patterns”, OKÜ Fen Bil. Ens. Dergisi ((OKU Journal of Nat. & App. Sci), c. 6, sy. 2, ss. 1469–1480, 2023.
ISNAD	Yaka, Harun vd. “Enhancement of Shear Strength in Lap Joints With Different Surface Patterns”. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 6/2 (Temmuz 2023), 1469-1480.
JAMA	Yaka H, Semiz L, Akkuş H. Enhancement of Shear Strength in Lap Joints with Different Surface Patterns. OKÜ Fen Bil. Ens. Dergisi ((OKU Journal of Nat. & App. Sci). 2023;6:1469–1480.
MLA	Yaka, Harun vd. “Enhancement of Shear Strength in Lap Joints With Different Surface Patterns”. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 1469-80.
Vancouver	Yaka H, Semiz L, Akkuş H. Enhancement of Shear Strength in Lap Joints with Different Surface Patterns. OKÜ Fen Bil. Ens. Dergisi ((OKU Journal of Nat. & App. Sci). 2023;6(2):1469-80.