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Gümüldür Fayının Morfometrik ve Kinematik Analizi ve Batı Anadolu’daki Sismotektonik Anlamı

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 64 Sayı: 3, 349 - 382, 09.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.846813

Öz

Kuşadası Körfezi’ni kuzeyden sınırlayan Gümüldür Fayı (GF), yaklaşık 30 km uzunluğuyla Karacadağ ile Ege Denizi arasında keskin bir morfolojik sarplık sunar. Bu çalışmada, fay boyunca gelişen jeomorfolojik belirteçler ve morfometrik parametreler arazi çalışmalarıyla birlikte değerlendirilmiş ve buna göre Gümüldür Fayı’nın Kuvaterner dönem aktivitesi ile bölgesel yükselim hızına dair veriler elde edilmiştir. Arazi çalışmaları Gümüldür Fayı’nın genel olarak K40°-75°B doğrultulu, 60°-83° GB eğimli (eğim açısı batıya doğru artan) ve kuzeydoğuya doğru dış bükey bir geometri sergileyen eğim atımlı normal fay olduğunu göstermektedir. Dağ önü cephesi eğriliği (Smf: 1,13-1,56), vadi tabanı genişliği-yüksekliği oranı (Vf; 0,10-1,00), üçgen yüzey oranı Lf/Ls (B: 4,75-88,35; K: 0,12-9,30), asimetri faktörü (AF: 19-78), havza şekli geometrisi (Bs: 1,05-5,8), akarsu eğim-uzunluk (Hack) indisi (SL: 25-6094,44), hipsometrik eğri ve hipsometrik eğri integral (HI: 0,16-0,53) ve kaya dayanım parametreleri gibi morfometrik indislerin kantitatif ölçümü, fayın taban bloğunun 0,5 mm’den daha fazla bir hızla yükseldiğine ve fayın yüksek derecede aktif olarak değerlendirilebileceğine işaret etmektedir. Geometrik olarak üç segmentten oluşan GF üzerinde yapılan kinematik çalışmalara göre bölgede KKD-GGB yönündeki bir genişleme rejiminin denetiminde geliştiği, üç segmentin bağımsız olarak kırılması halinde Payamlı segmenti 6,12 büyüklüğünde, Gümüldür ana segmenti 6,45 büyüklüğünde, Ahmetbeyli segmenti ise 5,78 büyüklüğünde, tek segment olarak kırılması halinde ise magnitüdü 6,81’e ulaşabilecek depremler üretebilecek potansiyeli olduğu söylenebilir. Bu nedenle Gümüldür Fayı’nın geçmiş dönem aktivitesini ortaya çıkartmak ve bölgedeki sismik tehlike düzeyini belirlemek için hendek tabanlı paleosismolojik çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Kaynakça

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Morphometric and Kinematic Analysis of the Gümüldür Fault and Its Seismotectonic Implications for Western Anatolia

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 64 Sayı: 3, 349 - 382, 09.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.846813

Öz

Kuşadası Bay, which is controlled by active normal faults, is located in an evolving graben in the west of the Western Anatolian Extension System. Gümüldür Fault (GF), which restricts Kuşadası Bay to the north, has approximately 30 km long, fragmented structure between Ürkmez and Ahmetbeyli. GF, which strikes N (50o-55o) W direction, forms a sharp morphological escarpment between Ürkmez and Ahmetbeyli starting from Paleozoic basement rocks to Quaternary alluvium units. The dip angle of the fault planes increases to the west (40o-85oSW), and the fault is a dip-slip active normal fault with convex structure and geometry toward the northeast. To unravel the Quaternary activity of Gümüldür Fault and the evaluation of the regional uplift, morphometric and kinematic analysis was performed for the first time on the fault that includes well-preserved geomorphological markers. Quantitative measurement of morphometric indices such as mountain front sinuosity (Smf: 1.13-1.56), valley floor width to height ratio (Vf: 0.10-1.00), percentage faceting Lf/Ls ([L: 4.75-88.35, S: 0.12-9.30]), asymmetry factor (AF: 19-78 ), basin shape geometry (Bs: 1.05-5.98), stream length gradient (Hack) index (SL: 25-6094.44), hypsometric curve and hypsometric integral (HI: 0.16-0.53) and rock strength and climate parameters indicate that the footwall of the GF has been uplifting toward the west with more than 0.5 mm per year. According to kinematic studies of the GF, which is geometrically composed of three parts, the region developed under the control of an extensional regime oriented NNE-SSW. If it is broken into seperate segments, it has the potential to produce earthquakes with a magnitude of 6.12, 6,45 and 5.78, respectively. If considered as a single segment, it has the potential to produce earthquakes with a magnitude of 6.81 in Kuşadası Bay. For this reason, trench-based paleoseismological studies are needed to reveal the past activity of Gümüldür Fault and to determine the seismic hazard level in the region.

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  • Silva, P. G., Goy, J. L., Zazo, C. & Bardajı, T. (2003). Fault-generated mountain fronts in southeast Spain: geomorphologic assessment of tectonic and seismic activity. Geomorphology, 50(1-3), 203-225.
  • Softa, M., Emre, T., Sözbilir, H., Spencer, J. Q. & Turan, M. (2018). Geomorphic evidence for active tectonic deformation in the coastal part of Eastern Black Sea, Eastern Pontides, Turkey. Geodinamica Acta, 30(1), 249-264.
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  • Sözbilir, H., Bora, U., Sümer, Ö., Özkaymak, Ç., Ersoy, E. Y., Koçer, T. & Demirtaş, R. (2008). D-B Uzanımlı İzmir Fayı ile KD-Uzanımlı Seferihisar Fayı’nın Birlikte Çalıştığına Dair Veriler: İzmir Körfezi’ni Oluşturan Aktif Faylarda Kinematik ve Paleosismolojik Çalışmalar, Batı Anadolu/. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 51(2), 91-114. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tjb/issue/28370/301652
  • Sözbilir, H., Softa, M., Eski, S., Tepe, Ç., Akgün, M., Pamukçu, OA., Çırmık, A., Utku, M., Özdağ, ÖC., Özden, G., Özçelik, Ö., Evlek, D. A., Çakır, R., Baba, A., Uzelli, T. & Tatar, O. (2020). 30 Ekim 2020 Sisam (Samos) Depremi (Mw: 6,9) Değerlendirme Raporu. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Deprem Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi (DAUM). Erişim adresi http://daum.deu.edu.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Samos-Deprem-Raporu.pdf
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  • Sümer, Ö., İnci, U. & Sözbilir, H. (2013). Tectonic evolution of the Söke Basin: Extension-dominated transtensional basin formation in western part of the Büyük Menderes Graben, Western Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Geodynamics, 65, 148-175.
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Toplam 136 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Genel Jeoloji
Bölüm Makaleler - Articles
Yazarlar

Büşra Yerli 0000-0003-1665-4618

Mustafa Softa 0000-0001-5064-9260

Hasan Sözbilir 0000-0002-3777-4830

Yayımlanma Tarihi 9 Temmuz 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Aralık 2020
Kabul Tarihi 1 Mayıs 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 64 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Yerli, B., Softa, M., & Sözbilir, H. (2021). Gümüldür Fayının Morfometrik ve Kinematik Analizi ve Batı Anadolu’daki Sismotektonik Anlamı. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 64(3), 349-382. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.846813
AMA Yerli B, Softa M, Sözbilir H. Gümüldür Fayının Morfometrik ve Kinematik Analizi ve Batı Anadolu’daki Sismotektonik Anlamı. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. Haziran 2021;64(3):349-382. doi:10.25288/tjb.846813
Chicago Yerli, Büşra, Mustafa Softa, ve Hasan Sözbilir. “Gümüldür Fayının Morfometrik Ve Kinematik Analizi Ve Batı Anadolu’daki Sismotektonik Anlamı”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 64, sy. 3 (Haziran 2021): 349-82. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.846813.
EndNote Yerli B, Softa M, Sözbilir H (01 Haziran 2021) Gümüldür Fayının Morfometrik ve Kinematik Analizi ve Batı Anadolu’daki Sismotektonik Anlamı. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 64 3 349–382.
IEEE B. Yerli, M. Softa, ve H. Sözbilir, “Gümüldür Fayının Morfometrik ve Kinematik Analizi ve Batı Anadolu’daki Sismotektonik Anlamı”, Türkiye Jeol. Bült., c. 64, sy. 3, ss. 349–382, 2021, doi: 10.25288/tjb.846813.
ISNAD Yerli, Büşra vd. “Gümüldür Fayının Morfometrik Ve Kinematik Analizi Ve Batı Anadolu’daki Sismotektonik Anlamı”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 64/3 (Haziran 2021), 349-382. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.846813.
JAMA Yerli B, Softa M, Sözbilir H. Gümüldür Fayının Morfometrik ve Kinematik Analizi ve Batı Anadolu’daki Sismotektonik Anlamı. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. 2021;64:349–382.
MLA Yerli, Büşra vd. “Gümüldür Fayının Morfometrik Ve Kinematik Analizi Ve Batı Anadolu’daki Sismotektonik Anlamı”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, c. 64, sy. 3, 2021, ss. 349-82, doi:10.25288/tjb.846813.
Vancouver Yerli B, Softa M, Sözbilir H. Gümüldür Fayının Morfometrik ve Kinematik Analizi ve Batı Anadolu’daki Sismotektonik Anlamı. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. 2021;64(3):349-82.

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