Araştırma Makalesi
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Effects of sodium borohydride on peroxide bleaching of Pinus brutia Ten. and wheat straw pulps

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 3, 323 - 328, 30.09.2023

Mustafa Çiçekler Ahmet Tutuş

https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1261515

Öz

The addition of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) to peroxide bleaching has been investigated for its effects on the bleaching yield, mechanical and optical properties of Pinus brutia and wheat straw pulps. The pulps were subjected to four different bleaching conditions by adding charges of NaBH4 at 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%, while keeping a constant hydrogen peroxide charge of 7%. The use of NaBH4 in the peroxide bleaching processes of the two pulps increased the bleaching yields. The results show that the addition of NaBH4 significantly improved the mechanical properties of the pulps, including tensile and burst indices. The optical properties of the pulps were also improved with the addition of NaBH4. The increase in mechanical and optical properties can be attributed to the reduction of residual hydrogen peroxide and the removal of metal ions, while the decrease in yellowness is due to the removal of metal ions that can cause oxidative degradation of the pulp. The findings of this study suggest that the addition of NaBH4 as an additive in peroxide bleaching is a promising approach to improve the mechanical and optical properties of P. brutia and wheat straw pulps, which can be further explored in future research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Peroxide bleaching Sodium borohydride Pinus brutia Wheat straw

Teşekkür

It is with heavy hearts that we acknowledge the passing of Ayşe Özdemir in Kahramanmaraş mega-earthquakes on February 6th, 2023. Ayşe was a respected and valued member of our team, and her contributions to our work will be deeply missed. Her passion for research and dedication to advancing our understanding of the field was evident in her work, and her positive energy and warm personality made her a pleasure to work with. We extend our heartfelt condolences to Ayşe's family and loved ones during this difficult time. Our thoughts and prayers are with them, as well as with all those affected by the earthquakes. We are grateful for the time we were able to spend working with Ayşe and will always remember her fondly.

Kaynakça

  • Andrade, M.F., Colodette, J. L., 2014. Dissolving pulp production from sugar cane bagasse. Industrial Crops and Products, 52: 58-64.
  • Ashrafi, O., Yerushalmi, L., Haghighat, F., 2015. Wastewater treatment in the pulp-and-paper industry: A review of treatment processes and the associated greenhouse gas emission. Journal of Environmental Management, 158: 146-157.
  • ASTM E313, 2010. Standard practice for calculating yellowness and whiteness indices from instrumentally measured color coordinates. ASTM, Pennsylvania, USA.
  • Birinci, E., Tutuş, A., Çiçekler, M., 2020. Evaluation of Rhododendron luteum and Rhododendron ponticum in pulp and paper production. Drvna Industrija, 71(4): 365-370.
  • Çiçekler, M., Özdemir, A., Tutuş, A., 2022. Characterization of pulp and paper properties produced from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) stalks. Drvna Industrija, 73(4): 423-430.
  • Dang, Z., Elder, T., Ragauskas, A.J., 2007. Alkaline peroxide treatment of ECF bleached softwood kraft pulps. Part 1. Characterizing the effect of alkaline peroxide treatment on carboxyl groups of fibers. Holzforschung, 61(4): 445-450.
  • de Oliveira Ribeiro, R.A., Zuta, U.O., Soares, I.P.M., Anselmi, C., Soares, D.G., Briso, A.L. F., Hebling, J., de Souza Costa, C.A., 2022. Manganese oxide increases bleaching efficacy and reduces the cytotoxicity of a 10% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel. Clinical Oral Investigations, 26(12): 7277-7286.
  • Ferrandin-Schoffel, N., Dupont, A.L., Martineau-Corcos, C., Fichet, O., 2023. Routes to improve the strengthening of paper with aminoalkylalkoxysilanes. Cellulose, 30: 539-556.
  • Gavrilescu, M., Teodosiu, C., Gavrilescu, D., Lupu, L., 2008. Strategies and practices for sustainable use of water in industrial papermaking processes. Engineering in Life Sciences, 8(2): 99-124.
  • Gulsoy, S.K., Eroglu, H., 2011. Influence of sodium borohydride on kraft pulping of European Black Pine as a digester additive. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 50(4): 2441-2444.
  • Gümüşkaya, E., Erişir, E., Kirci, H., Misir, N., 2011. The effect of sodium borohydride on alkaline sulfite–anthraquinone pulping of pine (Pinus pinea) wood. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 50(13): 8340-8343.
  • Hannuksela, T., Holmbom, B., Lachenal, D, 2004. Effect of sorbed galactoglucomannans and galactomannans on pulp and paper handsheet properties, especially strength properties. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 19(2): 237-244.
  • Houtman, C., Hart, P., 2022. Predicting the autoaccelerating hydrogen peroxide decomposition rate after mixing with sodium hydroxide. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 61(34): 12473-12481.
  • ISO 11475, 2017. Paper and board - Determination of CIE whiteness, D65/10 degrees (outdoor daylight). International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • ISO 1924-2, 2008. Paper and board - Determination of tensile properties, Part 2: Constant rate of elongation method (20 mm/min). International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • ISO 2470-1, 2016. Paper, board and pulps - Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor, Part 1: Indoor daylight conditions (ISO brightness). International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • ISO 2759, 2014. Board - Determination of bursting strength. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • ISO 5267-1, 1999. Pulps - Determination of drainability, Part 1: Schopper-Riegler method. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • ISO 5269-2, 2004. Pulps - Preparation of laboratory sheets for physical testing, Part 2: Rapid-Köthen method. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Istek, A., Gonteki, E., 2009. Utilization of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) in kraft pulping process. Journal of Environmental Biology, 30(6): 951-953.
  • İstek, A., Özkan, İ., 2008. Effect of sodium borohydride on Populus tremula L. kraft pulping. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 32(2): 131-136.
  • Kordsachia, O., Patt, R., 1988. Full bleaching of ASAM pulps without chlorine compounds. 42(3): 203-209.
  • Laine, J., Stenius, P., Carlsson, G., Strom, G., 1996. The effect of ECF and TCF bleaching on the surface chemical composition of kraft pulp as determined by ESCA. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 11(3): 201-210.
  • Li, J., Hu, H., Song, Y., Chai, X.S., 2015. New evidence for the role of the borohydride pretreatment on the hydrogen peroxide bleaching of kraft pulp. RSC Advances, 5(119): 98067-98074.
  • Martinsson, A., Hasani, M., Potthast, A., Theliander, H., 2020. Modification of softwood kraft pulp fibres using hydrogen peroxide at acidic conditions. Cellulose, 27(12): 7191-7202.
  • Molin, U., Teder, A., 2002. Importance of cellulose/hemicellulose-ratio for pulp strength. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 17(1): 14-19.
  • Mussatto, S. I., Rocha, G. J. M., Roberto, I.C., 2008. Hydrogen peroxide bleaching of cellulose pulps obtained from brewer’s spent grain. Cellulose, 15(4): 641-649.
  • Ni, Y.H., Qiu, Z.P., 2003. Methods to decrease manganese-induced decomposition of peroxide. Appita Journal, 56: 355-358.
  • Rapson, W.H., 1960. Method of bleaching wood pulp, Canadian Patent, CA610654A, December 13. (Patent Sy 610654A).
  • Rushdy, A., Noshy, W., Youssef, A., Kamel, S., 2017. Influence of bleaching materials on mechanical and morphological properties for paper conservation. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 60(5): 893-903.
  • Schmidt, J.A., Rye, C.S., Gurnagul, N., 1995. Lignin inhibits autoxidative degradation of cellulose. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 49(2): 291-297.
  • Schmitz, E., Francis, J., Gutke, K., Nordberg Karlsson, E., Adlercreutz, P., Paulsson, M., 2021. Chemical and biochemical bleaching of oat hulls: The effect of hydrogen peroxide, laccase, xylanase and sonication on optical properties and chemical composition. Biotechnology Reports, 30, e00624.
  • Schönberg, C., Oksanen, T., Suurnäkki, A., Kettunen, H., Buchert, J., 2001. The importance of xylan for the strength properties of spruce kraft pulp fibres. Holzforschung, 55(6): 639-644.
  • Sharma, N., Bhardwaj, N.K., Singh, R.B.P., 2020. Environmental issues of pulp bleaching and prospects of peracetic acid pulp bleaching: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 256: 120338.
  • Tutus, A., Cicekler, M., 2016. Evaluation of common wheat stubbles (Triticum aestivum L.) for pulp and paper production. Drvna Industrija, 67(3): 271-279.
  • Tutuş, A., Usta, M., 2004. Bleaching of chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) using environmentally friendly chemicals. Appita Journal, 25(2): 141-145.
  • Wade, R.C., 1963. Method of bleaching cellulose fibres, US patent, US3318657A, September 23.
  • Wang, N., Ma, S., Zuo, P., Duan, J., Hou, B., 2021. Recent progress of electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide by two-electron oxygen reduction reaction. Advanced Science, 8(15): 2100076.
  • Wang, S., Li, Z., Ni, Y.H., Zhang, E., 2004. Sodium borohydride assisted hydrogen peroxide bleaching process for mechanical pulps. Appita Journal, 57(5): 377-380.
  • Wigell, A., Brelid, H., Theliander, H., 2007a. Degradation/dissolution of softwood hemicellulose during alkaline cooking at different temperatures and alkali concentrations. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 22(4): 488-494.
  • Wigell, A., Brelid, H., Theliander, H., 2007b. Kinetic modelling of (galacto) glucomannan degradation during alkaline cooking of softwood. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 22(4): 495-499.
  • Wistara, N.J., Carolina, A., Pulungan, W.S., Emil, N., Lee, S.H., Kim, N.H., 2015. Effect of tree age and active alkali on kraft pulping of White Jabon. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 43(5): 566-577.
  • Young, R.A., 1994. Comparison of the properties of chemical cellulose pulps. Cellulose, 1(2): 107-130.
  • Zhibin, H., Yonghao, N., Zhang, E., 2005. Further understanding of sodium borohydride assisted peroxide bleaching of mechanical pulps (the PR process). Appita Journal, 58(1): 72-76.

Sodyum borhidrürün Pinus brutia Ten ve buğday sapı hamurlarının peroksit ağartması üzerindeki etkileri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 3, 323 - 328, 30.09.2023

Mustafa Çiçekler Ahmet Tutuş

https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1261515

Öz

Peroksit ağartmasında sodyum borohidrür (NaBH4) ilavesinin, kızılçam (Pinus brutia) ve buğday sapı hamurlarının ağartma verimi, mekanik ve optik özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Hamurlar, %7'lik sabit bir hidrojen peroksit oranında, %0, %0.5, %1.0 ve %1.5 oranlarında NaBH4 eklenerek dört farklı ağartma koşuluna tabi tutulmuştur. Her iki hamur çeşidinin peroksit ağartma işleminde NaBH4 kullanılması ağartma verimini artırmıştır. Ağartma işleminde NaBH4 kullanımı kağıtların kopma ve patlama indisleri dahil olmak üzere hamurların mekanik özelliklerini iyileştirdiğini göstermiştir. NaBH4 ilavesi ile hamurların optik özellikleri de iyileştirilmiştir. Mekanik ve optik özelliklerdeki artış, artık hidrojen peroksitin azalmasına ve metal iyonlarının uzaklaştırılmasına bağlanabilirken, sarılıktaki azalma, hamurun oksidatif bozunmasına neden olabilecek metal iyonlarının uzaklaştırılmasından kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, peroksit ağartmada bir katkı maddesi olarak NaBH4 eklenmesinin, P. brutia ve buğday sapı hamurlarının mekanik ve optik özelliklerini iyileştirmek için umut verici olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Peroksit ağartma Sodyum borhidrür Pinus brutia Buğday sapı

Kaynakça

  • Andrade, M.F., Colodette, J. L., 2014. Dissolving pulp production from sugar cane bagasse. Industrial Crops and Products, 52: 58-64.
  • Ashrafi, O., Yerushalmi, L., Haghighat, F., 2015. Wastewater treatment in the pulp-and-paper industry: A review of treatment processes and the associated greenhouse gas emission. Journal of Environmental Management, 158: 146-157.
  • ASTM E313, 2010. Standard practice for calculating yellowness and whiteness indices from instrumentally measured color coordinates. ASTM, Pennsylvania, USA.
  • Birinci, E., Tutuş, A., Çiçekler, M., 2020. Evaluation of Rhododendron luteum and Rhododendron ponticum in pulp and paper production. Drvna Industrija, 71(4): 365-370.
  • Çiçekler, M., Özdemir, A., Tutuş, A., 2022. Characterization of pulp and paper properties produced from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) stalks. Drvna Industrija, 73(4): 423-430.
  • Dang, Z., Elder, T., Ragauskas, A.J., 2007. Alkaline peroxide treatment of ECF bleached softwood kraft pulps. Part 1. Characterizing the effect of alkaline peroxide treatment on carboxyl groups of fibers. Holzforschung, 61(4): 445-450.
  • de Oliveira Ribeiro, R.A., Zuta, U.O., Soares, I.P.M., Anselmi, C., Soares, D.G., Briso, A.L. F., Hebling, J., de Souza Costa, C.A., 2022. Manganese oxide increases bleaching efficacy and reduces the cytotoxicity of a 10% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel. Clinical Oral Investigations, 26(12): 7277-7286.
  • Ferrandin-Schoffel, N., Dupont, A.L., Martineau-Corcos, C., Fichet, O., 2023. Routes to improve the strengthening of paper with aminoalkylalkoxysilanes. Cellulose, 30: 539-556.
  • Gavrilescu, M., Teodosiu, C., Gavrilescu, D., Lupu, L., 2008. Strategies and practices for sustainable use of water in industrial papermaking processes. Engineering in Life Sciences, 8(2): 99-124.
  • Gulsoy, S.K., Eroglu, H., 2011. Influence of sodium borohydride on kraft pulping of European Black Pine as a digester additive. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 50(4): 2441-2444.
  • Gümüşkaya, E., Erişir, E., Kirci, H., Misir, N., 2011. The effect of sodium borohydride on alkaline sulfite–anthraquinone pulping of pine (Pinus pinea) wood. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 50(13): 8340-8343.
  • Hannuksela, T., Holmbom, B., Lachenal, D, 2004. Effect of sorbed galactoglucomannans and galactomannans on pulp and paper handsheet properties, especially strength properties. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 19(2): 237-244.
  • Houtman, C., Hart, P., 2022. Predicting the autoaccelerating hydrogen peroxide decomposition rate after mixing with sodium hydroxide. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 61(34): 12473-12481.
  • ISO 11475, 2017. Paper and board - Determination of CIE whiteness, D65/10 degrees (outdoor daylight). International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • ISO 1924-2, 2008. Paper and board - Determination of tensile properties, Part 2: Constant rate of elongation method (20 mm/min). International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • ISO 2470-1, 2016. Paper, board and pulps - Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor, Part 1: Indoor daylight conditions (ISO brightness). International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • ISO 2759, 2014. Board - Determination of bursting strength. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • ISO 5267-1, 1999. Pulps - Determination of drainability, Part 1: Schopper-Riegler method. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • ISO 5269-2, 2004. Pulps - Preparation of laboratory sheets for physical testing, Part 2: Rapid-Köthen method. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Istek, A., Gonteki, E., 2009. Utilization of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) in kraft pulping process. Journal of Environmental Biology, 30(6): 951-953.
  • İstek, A., Özkan, İ., 2008. Effect of sodium borohydride on Populus tremula L. kraft pulping. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 32(2): 131-136.
  • Kordsachia, O., Patt, R., 1988. Full bleaching of ASAM pulps without chlorine compounds. 42(3): 203-209.
  • Laine, J., Stenius, P., Carlsson, G., Strom, G., 1996. The effect of ECF and TCF bleaching on the surface chemical composition of kraft pulp as determined by ESCA. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 11(3): 201-210.
  • Li, J., Hu, H., Song, Y., Chai, X.S., 2015. New evidence for the role of the borohydride pretreatment on the hydrogen peroxide bleaching of kraft pulp. RSC Advances, 5(119): 98067-98074.
  • Martinsson, A., Hasani, M., Potthast, A., Theliander, H., 2020. Modification of softwood kraft pulp fibres using hydrogen peroxide at acidic conditions. Cellulose, 27(12): 7191-7202.
  • Molin, U., Teder, A., 2002. Importance of cellulose/hemicellulose-ratio for pulp strength. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 17(1): 14-19.
  • Mussatto, S. I., Rocha, G. J. M., Roberto, I.C., 2008. Hydrogen peroxide bleaching of cellulose pulps obtained from brewer’s spent grain. Cellulose, 15(4): 641-649.
  • Ni, Y.H., Qiu, Z.P., 2003. Methods to decrease manganese-induced decomposition of peroxide. Appita Journal, 56: 355-358.
  • Rapson, W.H., 1960. Method of bleaching wood pulp, Canadian Patent, CA610654A, December 13. (Patent Sy 610654A).
  • Rushdy, A., Noshy, W., Youssef, A., Kamel, S., 2017. Influence of bleaching materials on mechanical and morphological properties for paper conservation. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 60(5): 893-903.
  • Schmidt, J.A., Rye, C.S., Gurnagul, N., 1995. Lignin inhibits autoxidative degradation of cellulose. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 49(2): 291-297.
  • Schmitz, E., Francis, J., Gutke, K., Nordberg Karlsson, E., Adlercreutz, P., Paulsson, M., 2021. Chemical and biochemical bleaching of oat hulls: The effect of hydrogen peroxide, laccase, xylanase and sonication on optical properties and chemical composition. Biotechnology Reports, 30, e00624.
  • Schönberg, C., Oksanen, T., Suurnäkki, A., Kettunen, H., Buchert, J., 2001. The importance of xylan for the strength properties of spruce kraft pulp fibres. Holzforschung, 55(6): 639-644.
  • Sharma, N., Bhardwaj, N.K., Singh, R.B.P., 2020. Environmental issues of pulp bleaching and prospects of peracetic acid pulp bleaching: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 256: 120338.
  • Tutus, A., Cicekler, M., 2016. Evaluation of common wheat stubbles (Triticum aestivum L.) for pulp and paper production. Drvna Industrija, 67(3): 271-279.
  • Tutuş, A., Usta, M., 2004. Bleaching of chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) using environmentally friendly chemicals. Appita Journal, 25(2): 141-145.
  • Wade, R.C., 1963. Method of bleaching cellulose fibres, US patent, US3318657A, September 23.
  • Wang, N., Ma, S., Zuo, P., Duan, J., Hou, B., 2021. Recent progress of electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide by two-electron oxygen reduction reaction. Advanced Science, 8(15): 2100076.
  • Wang, S., Li, Z., Ni, Y.H., Zhang, E., 2004. Sodium borohydride assisted hydrogen peroxide bleaching process for mechanical pulps. Appita Journal, 57(5): 377-380.
  • Wigell, A., Brelid, H., Theliander, H., 2007a. Degradation/dissolution of softwood hemicellulose during alkaline cooking at different temperatures and alkali concentrations. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 22(4): 488-494.
  • Wigell, A., Brelid, H., Theliander, H., 2007b. Kinetic modelling of (galacto) glucomannan degradation during alkaline cooking of softwood. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 22(4): 495-499.
  • Wistara, N.J., Carolina, A., Pulungan, W.S., Emil, N., Lee, S.H., Kim, N.H., 2015. Effect of tree age and active alkali on kraft pulping of White Jabon. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 43(5): 566-577.
  • Young, R.A., 1994. Comparison of the properties of chemical cellulose pulps. Cellulose, 1(2): 107-130.
  • Zhibin, H., Yonghao, N., Zhang, E., 2005. Further understanding of sodium borohydride assisted peroxide bleaching of mechanical pulps (the PR process). Appita Journal, 58(1): 72-76.
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Orijinal Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mustafa Çiçekler 0000-0001-5793-2827

Ahmet Tutuş 0000-0003-2922-4916

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2023
Kabul Tarihi 24 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 24 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Çiçekler, M., & Tutuş, A. (2023). Effects of sodium borohydride on peroxide bleaching of Pinus brutia Ten. and wheat straw pulps. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 24(3), 323-328. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1261515
AMA Çiçekler M, Tutuş A. Effects of sodium borohydride on peroxide bleaching of Pinus brutia Ten. and wheat straw pulps. Turkish Journal of Forestry. Eylül 2023;24(3):323-328. doi:10.18182/tjf.1261515
Chicago Çiçekler, Mustafa, ve Ahmet Tutuş. “Effects of Sodium Borohydride on Peroxide Bleaching of Pinus Brutia Ten. And Wheat Straw Pulps”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 24, sy. 3 (Eylül 2023): 323-28. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1261515.
EndNote Çiçekler M, Tutuş A (01 Eylül 2023) Effects of sodium borohydride on peroxide bleaching of Pinus brutia Ten. and wheat straw pulps. Turkish Journal of Forestry 24 3 323–328.
IEEE M. Çiçekler ve A. Tutuş, “Effects of sodium borohydride on peroxide bleaching of Pinus brutia Ten. and wheat straw pulps”, Turkish Journal of Forestry, c. 24, sy. 3, ss. 323–328, 2023, doi: 10.18182/tjf.1261515.
ISNAD Çiçekler, Mustafa - Tutuş, Ahmet. “Effects of Sodium Borohydride on Peroxide Bleaching of Pinus Brutia Ten. And Wheat Straw Pulps”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 24/3 (Eylül 2023), 323-328. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1261515.
JAMA Çiçekler M, Tutuş A. Effects of sodium borohydride on peroxide bleaching of Pinus brutia Ten. and wheat straw pulps. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2023;24:323–328.
MLA Çiçekler, Mustafa ve Ahmet Tutuş. “Effects of Sodium Borohydride on Peroxide Bleaching of Pinus Brutia Ten. And Wheat Straw Pulps”. Turkish Journal of Forestry, c. 24, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 323-8, doi:10.18182/tjf.1261515.
Vancouver Çiçekler M, Tutuş A. Effects of sodium borohydride on peroxide bleaching of Pinus brutia Ten. and wheat straw pulps. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2023;24(3):323-8.
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