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Use of Teff (Eragrostis Tef [Zucc.] Trotter) in Animal Nutrition

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1, 403 - 412, 30.04.2024

Serhat Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.53433/yyufbed.1419294

Öz

Due to the increasing population, the demand for food production is increasing. To meet these demands, more plant and animal products need to be produced. In order to supply the feed needed for the production of quality animal products, alternative feed must be included in production in addition to traditional feeds. One of the plants that can be included among quality forages and has versatile uses is the Teff (Eragrostis Tef [Zucc.] Trotter). It is an annual grassy plant native to Ethiopia, well adapted to arid conditions and able to grow in the hot season. Teff, which has been used in both human and animal nutrition around the world in recent years, has alternative properties for a healthy life. While it can be used as a rotation crop and green manure in field agriculture, it also has superior herbal properties with a yield potential that can compete with high-quality forage crops. Teff attracts attention in terms of animal nutrition and can be evaluated as green and dry grass, silage, grain and pasture. In this study, the potential of Teff, which is an important agricultural plant that has not yet been widely cultivated by producers in our country and region and draws attention as the plant of the future in human and animal nutrition, as an alternative feed source in animal nutrition, was discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Animal nutrition Forage Teff

Kaynakça

  • Acar, R., & Güncan, A. (2002). Kaba yem olarak değerlendirilebilecek bazı yabancı ot karakterindeki bitkilerin morfolojik özellikleri ve ham protein oranlarının belirlenmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(29), 79-83.
  • Amasaib, E. O., & Alamin, A. A. (2023). Effect of substitution of sorghum grain by Teff (Eragorestis Tef) grain on the performance of broiler chicks. Asian Journal of Food Research and Nutrition, 2(2), 85-92.
  • Arslan, M., & Erdurmuş, C. (2012). Ülkemizde hayvancılığa ve kaba yem sorununa genel bir bakış. Ziraat Mühendisliği, 359, 32-37.
  • Barretto, R., Buenavista, R. M., Rivera, J. L., Wang, S., Vara Prasad, P. V., & Siliveru, K. (2021). Teff (Eragrostis Tef) processing, utilization and future opportunities: a review. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 56, 3125-3137. doi:10.1111/ijfs.14872
  • Baye, K. (2015). Teff: nutrient composition and health benefits. ESSP Working Paper 67. Washington, D. C. and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and Ethiopian Development Research Institute
  • Bekele, E., Fido, R. J., Tatham, A. S., & Shewry, P. R. (1995). Heterogeneity and polymorphism of seed proteins in Teff (Eragrotis Tef). Hereditas. 122(1), 67-72. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5223.1995.00067.x
  • Brockotter, F. (2017). Looking into Teff grain for broiler feed. https://www.poultryworld.net/health-nutrition/looking-into-Teff-grain-for-broiler-feed/#:~:text=Chicks%20receiving%20the%20 Teff%20as,the %2010%25%20Ground%20Teff%20chicks Erişim tarihi: 01.11.2023.
  • Dumanoğlu, Z., & Geren, H. (2020). An investigation on determination of seed characteristics of some gluten-free crops (Amarantus mantegazzianus, Chenopodium quinoa Willd., Eragrostis Tef [Zucc] Trotter, Salvia hispanica L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(8), 1650-1655. doi:10.24925/turjaf.v8i8.1650-1655.3394
  • Evert, S., Staggenborg, S., & Olson, B. L. S. (2009). Soil temperature and planting depth effects on Tef emergence. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 195, 232-236. doi:10.1111/j.1439-037X.2008.00343.x
  • Gebremariam, M. M., Zarnkow, M., & Becker. T. (2014). Teff (Eragrostis Tef) as a raw material for malting, brewing and manufacturing of gluten-free foods and beverages: a review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 51(11), 2881-2895. doi:10.1007/s13197-012-0745-5
  • Habte, E., Muktar, M. S., Negawo, A. T., Lee, S. H., Lee, K. W., & Jones, C. S. (2019). An overview of Teff (Eragrostis Teff (Zuccagni) Trotter) as a potential summer forage crop in temperate systems. Journal of the Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science, 39(3), 185-188. doi:10.5333/KGFS.2019.39.3.185
  • Hagos, T., & Melaku, S. (2009). Feed intake, digestibility, body weight and carcass parameters of Afar rams fed Tef (Eragrostis Tef) straw supplemented with graded levels of concentrate mix. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 41, 599-606. doi:10.1007/s11250-008-9230-6
  • Harmanşah, F. (2018). Türkiye’de kaliteli kaba yem üretimi, sorunlar ve öneriler. Türktob Dergisi, 25, 9-13
  • Heins, B. (2014, Ekim). Bridging the summer slump with warm season grasses and seasonal changes in forage quality of pastures. 75th Minnesota Nutrition Conference, Prior Lake, Minnesota.
  • Heuzé, V., Thiollet, H., Tran, G., & Lebas, F. (2017a). Tef (Eragrostis Tef) straw. Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://feedipedia.org/node/22033 Erişim tarihi: 01.11.2023.
  • Heuzé, V., Thiollet, H., Tran, G., & Lebas, F. (2017b). Tef (Eragrostis Tef) hay. Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/22768 Erişim tarihi: 01.11.2023.
  • Heuzé, V., Thiollet, H., Tran, G., Bastianelli, D., & Lebas, F. (2017c). Tef (Eragrostis Tef) grain. Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/439 Erişim tarihi: 01.11.2023.
  • Hunter, M., Barney, P., Kilcer, T., Cherney, J., Lawrence, J., & Ketterings, Q. (2007). Teff as Emergency Forage. Cornell University Cooperative Extension, Agronomy Fact Sheet, 24.
  • Irge, D. D. (2017). Chemical composition and nutritional quality of wheat, Teff (Eragrostis Tef (Zucc) Trotter), Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Rice (Oryza sativa) -A Review. Food Science and Quality Management, 59, 6-12
  • Jackman, N. D. (1999). Tef and finger millet, archaeobotanical studies of two indigenous East African cereals. (Doctoral dissertation), Simon Fraser University, Department of Archaeology, Canada.
  • Kaplan, M., Üke, Ö., Kale, H., Yavuz, S., Kurt, Ö., & Atalay, A. İ. (2016). Olgunlaşma döneminin Teff otunun potansiyel besleme değeri, gaz ve metan üretimine etkisi. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6, 181-186.
  • Ketema, S. (1997). Tef. (Eragrostis Tef (Zucc.) Trotter). Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. 12. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben/International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy
  • Mekuriaw, S., Tsunekawa, A., Ichinohe, T., Tegegne, F., Haregeweyn, N., Kobayashi, N., …, & Fievez, V. (2020). Effect of feeding improved grass hays and eragrostis Tef straw silage on milk yield, nitrogen utilization, and methane emission of lactating Fogera Dairy Cows in Ethiopia. Animals, 10(6), 1021. doi:10.3390/ani10061021
  • Miller, D. (2011). Teff grass: Crop overview and forage production guide. https://www.north40ag.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Teff_Crop-and-Forage-Production.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 30.10.2023.
  • NRC. (1996). Lost Crops of Africa. National Academies Press.
  • Özkan, U., & Demirbağ, N. Ş. (2016). Türkiye’de kaliteli kaba yem kaynaklarını mevcut durumu. Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi, 9(1), 23-27.
  • Roseberg, R. J., Norberg, S., Smith, J., Charlton, B., Rykbost, K., & Shock, C. (2005). Yield and quality of Teff forage as a function of varying rates of applied irrigation and nitrogen. Klamath Experiment Station, 1069, 119-136.
  • Sarı, U., & Tiryaki, İ. (2018). Alternatif tahıl: Eskinin unutulmuş yeni bitkisi Tef (Eragrostis Tef [Zucc.] Trotter). KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 21(3), 447-456.
  • Saylor, B. A., Min, D. H., & Bradford, B. J. (2018). Productivity of lactating dairy cows fed diets with Teff hay as the sole forage. Journal of Dairy Science. 101(7), 5984-5990. doi:10.3168/jds.2017-14118
  • Saylor, B. A., Min, D. H., & Bradford, B. J. (2021). Effects of cultivar and harvest days after planting on dry matter yield and nutritive value of Teff. Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 63(3), 510-519. doi:10.5187/jast.2021.e56
  • Sugg, J. D. (2019). Evaluation of Eragrostis Tef as a forage option for grazing beef cattle on the southern high plains. (Ph.D), Texas Tech University, Graduate Faculty, Texas, USA.
  • Tanık, Y., & Kökten, K. (2021). Bingöl ekolojik koşullarında Tef (Eragrostis Tef [Zucc.] Trotter) bitkisinde farklı sıra arası mesafelerinin ot verimi ve kalitesi üzerine etkisi. Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 74-78
  • Üke, Ö. (2016). Kinoa ve Teff bitkilerinde hasat zamanının ot verim ve kalitesi üzerine etkisi. (Yüksek lisans tezi), Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Kayseri.
  • Vinyard, J. R., Hall, J. B., Sprinkle, J. E. & Chibisa, G. E. (2018). Effects of maturity at harvest on the nutritive value and ruminal digestion of Eragrostis Tef (cv. Moxie) when fed to beef cattle. Journal of Animal Scienec, 96(8), 3420-3432. doi:10.1093/jas/sky202
  • Young, A., Creech, E., ZoBell, D., Israelsen, C., & Eun, J. (2014). Integrating Teff into Livestock Operations. Utah State University, Agriculture Extention Reports, AG/Forages/2014-01pr.

Tef (Eragrostis Tef [Zucc.] Trotter) Bitkisinin Hayvan Beslemede Kullanımı

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1, 403 - 412, 30.04.2024

Serhat Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.53433/yyufbed.1419294

Öz

Artan nüfusa bağlı olarak gıda üretimine olan talep giderek artmaktadır. Bu talepleri karşılamak için daha fazla bitkisel ve hayvansal ürün üretilmesi gerekmektedir. Kaliteli hayvansal ürün üretiminde ihtiyaç duyulan yem temininde, geleneksel yemler yanında alternatif yem bitkilerinin de üretime katılması gerekmektedir. Kaliteli yem bitkileri içerisinde yer alabilecek ve çok yönlü kullanım alanlarına sahip bitkilerden biri de Tef (Eragrostis Tef [Zucc.] Trotter) bitkisidir. Tef, Etiyopya'ya özgü, kurak koşullara iyi adapte olmuş, sıcak mevsimde yetişebilen, tek yıllık bir buğdaygil bitkisidir. Son yıllarda dünyada hem insan, hem de hayvan beslenmesinde kullanım alanı bulunan bu bitki, sağlıklı yaşam için alternatif özelliklere sahiptir. Tarla tarımında münavebe bitkisi olarak ve yeşil gübre olarak değerlendirilebileceği gibi, yüksek kaliteye sahip yem bitkileriyle rekabet edebilecek verim potansiyeli ile üstün bitkisel özellikleri de bulunmaktadır. Tef bitkisi hayvan besleme açısından dikkatleri üzerine çeken, yeşil ve kuru ot, silaj, danesi ve mera bitkisi olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde ve bölgemizde üreticiler tarafından henüz yaygın bir şekilde tarımı yapılmayan, önemli bir tarımsal bitki olan, insan ve hayvan beslenmesinde geleceğin bitkisi olarak dikkat çeken Tefin, hayvanların beslenmesinde alternatif bir yem kaynağı olma potansiyeli ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hayvan besleme Tef Yem bitkisi

Kaynakça

  • Acar, R., & Güncan, A. (2002). Kaba yem olarak değerlendirilebilecek bazı yabancı ot karakterindeki bitkilerin morfolojik özellikleri ve ham protein oranlarının belirlenmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(29), 79-83.
  • Amasaib, E. O., & Alamin, A. A. (2023). Effect of substitution of sorghum grain by Teff (Eragorestis Tef) grain on the performance of broiler chicks. Asian Journal of Food Research and Nutrition, 2(2), 85-92.
  • Arslan, M., & Erdurmuş, C. (2012). Ülkemizde hayvancılığa ve kaba yem sorununa genel bir bakış. Ziraat Mühendisliği, 359, 32-37.
  • Barretto, R., Buenavista, R. M., Rivera, J. L., Wang, S., Vara Prasad, P. V., & Siliveru, K. (2021). Teff (Eragrostis Tef) processing, utilization and future opportunities: a review. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 56, 3125-3137. doi:10.1111/ijfs.14872
  • Baye, K. (2015). Teff: nutrient composition and health benefits. ESSP Working Paper 67. Washington, D. C. and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and Ethiopian Development Research Institute
  • Bekele, E., Fido, R. J., Tatham, A. S., & Shewry, P. R. (1995). Heterogeneity and polymorphism of seed proteins in Teff (Eragrotis Tef). Hereditas. 122(1), 67-72. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5223.1995.00067.x
  • Brockotter, F. (2017). Looking into Teff grain for broiler feed. https://www.poultryworld.net/health-nutrition/looking-into-Teff-grain-for-broiler-feed/#:~:text=Chicks%20receiving%20the%20 Teff%20as,the %2010%25%20Ground%20Teff%20chicks Erişim tarihi: 01.11.2023.
  • Dumanoğlu, Z., & Geren, H. (2020). An investigation on determination of seed characteristics of some gluten-free crops (Amarantus mantegazzianus, Chenopodium quinoa Willd., Eragrostis Tef [Zucc] Trotter, Salvia hispanica L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(8), 1650-1655. doi:10.24925/turjaf.v8i8.1650-1655.3394
  • Evert, S., Staggenborg, S., & Olson, B. L. S. (2009). Soil temperature and planting depth effects on Tef emergence. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 195, 232-236. doi:10.1111/j.1439-037X.2008.00343.x
  • Gebremariam, M. M., Zarnkow, M., & Becker. T. (2014). Teff (Eragrostis Tef) as a raw material for malting, brewing and manufacturing of gluten-free foods and beverages: a review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 51(11), 2881-2895. doi:10.1007/s13197-012-0745-5
  • Habte, E., Muktar, M. S., Negawo, A. T., Lee, S. H., Lee, K. W., & Jones, C. S. (2019). An overview of Teff (Eragrostis Teff (Zuccagni) Trotter) as a potential summer forage crop in temperate systems. Journal of the Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science, 39(3), 185-188. doi:10.5333/KGFS.2019.39.3.185
  • Hagos, T., & Melaku, S. (2009). Feed intake, digestibility, body weight and carcass parameters of Afar rams fed Tef (Eragrostis Tef) straw supplemented with graded levels of concentrate mix. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 41, 599-606. doi:10.1007/s11250-008-9230-6
  • Harmanşah, F. (2018). Türkiye’de kaliteli kaba yem üretimi, sorunlar ve öneriler. Türktob Dergisi, 25, 9-13
  • Heins, B. (2014, Ekim). Bridging the summer slump with warm season grasses and seasonal changes in forage quality of pastures. 75th Minnesota Nutrition Conference, Prior Lake, Minnesota.
  • Heuzé, V., Thiollet, H., Tran, G., & Lebas, F. (2017a). Tef (Eragrostis Tef) straw. Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://feedipedia.org/node/22033 Erişim tarihi: 01.11.2023.
  • Heuzé, V., Thiollet, H., Tran, G., & Lebas, F. (2017b). Tef (Eragrostis Tef) hay. Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/22768 Erişim tarihi: 01.11.2023.
  • Heuzé, V., Thiollet, H., Tran, G., Bastianelli, D., & Lebas, F. (2017c). Tef (Eragrostis Tef) grain. Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/439 Erişim tarihi: 01.11.2023.
  • Hunter, M., Barney, P., Kilcer, T., Cherney, J., Lawrence, J., & Ketterings, Q. (2007). Teff as Emergency Forage. Cornell University Cooperative Extension, Agronomy Fact Sheet, 24.
  • Irge, D. D. (2017). Chemical composition and nutritional quality of wheat, Teff (Eragrostis Tef (Zucc) Trotter), Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Rice (Oryza sativa) -A Review. Food Science and Quality Management, 59, 6-12
  • Jackman, N. D. (1999). Tef and finger millet, archaeobotanical studies of two indigenous East African cereals. (Doctoral dissertation), Simon Fraser University, Department of Archaeology, Canada.
  • Kaplan, M., Üke, Ö., Kale, H., Yavuz, S., Kurt, Ö., & Atalay, A. İ. (2016). Olgunlaşma döneminin Teff otunun potansiyel besleme değeri, gaz ve metan üretimine etkisi. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6, 181-186.
  • Ketema, S. (1997). Tef. (Eragrostis Tef (Zucc.) Trotter). Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. 12. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben/International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy
  • Mekuriaw, S., Tsunekawa, A., Ichinohe, T., Tegegne, F., Haregeweyn, N., Kobayashi, N., …, & Fievez, V. (2020). Effect of feeding improved grass hays and eragrostis Tef straw silage on milk yield, nitrogen utilization, and methane emission of lactating Fogera Dairy Cows in Ethiopia. Animals, 10(6), 1021. doi:10.3390/ani10061021
  • Miller, D. (2011). Teff grass: Crop overview and forage production guide. https://www.north40ag.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Teff_Crop-and-Forage-Production.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 30.10.2023.
  • NRC. (1996). Lost Crops of Africa. National Academies Press.
  • Özkan, U., & Demirbağ, N. Ş. (2016). Türkiye’de kaliteli kaba yem kaynaklarını mevcut durumu. Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi, 9(1), 23-27.
  • Roseberg, R. J., Norberg, S., Smith, J., Charlton, B., Rykbost, K., & Shock, C. (2005). Yield and quality of Teff forage as a function of varying rates of applied irrigation and nitrogen. Klamath Experiment Station, 1069, 119-136.
  • Sarı, U., & Tiryaki, İ. (2018). Alternatif tahıl: Eskinin unutulmuş yeni bitkisi Tef (Eragrostis Tef [Zucc.] Trotter). KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 21(3), 447-456.
  • Saylor, B. A., Min, D. H., & Bradford, B. J. (2018). Productivity of lactating dairy cows fed diets with Teff hay as the sole forage. Journal of Dairy Science. 101(7), 5984-5990. doi:10.3168/jds.2017-14118
  • Saylor, B. A., Min, D. H., & Bradford, B. J. (2021). Effects of cultivar and harvest days after planting on dry matter yield and nutritive value of Teff. Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 63(3), 510-519. doi:10.5187/jast.2021.e56
  • Sugg, J. D. (2019). Evaluation of Eragrostis Tef as a forage option for grazing beef cattle on the southern high plains. (Ph.D), Texas Tech University, Graduate Faculty, Texas, USA.
  • Tanık, Y., & Kökten, K. (2021). Bingöl ekolojik koşullarında Tef (Eragrostis Tef [Zucc.] Trotter) bitkisinde farklı sıra arası mesafelerinin ot verimi ve kalitesi üzerine etkisi. Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 74-78
  • Üke, Ö. (2016). Kinoa ve Teff bitkilerinde hasat zamanının ot verim ve kalitesi üzerine etkisi. (Yüksek lisans tezi), Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Kayseri.
  • Vinyard, J. R., Hall, J. B., Sprinkle, J. E. & Chibisa, G. E. (2018). Effects of maturity at harvest on the nutritive value and ruminal digestion of Eragrostis Tef (cv. Moxie) when fed to beef cattle. Journal of Animal Scienec, 96(8), 3420-3432. doi:10.1093/jas/sky202
  • Young, A., Creech, E., ZoBell, D., Israelsen, C., & Eun, J. (2014). Integrating Teff into Livestock Operations. Utah State University, Agriculture Extention Reports, AG/Forages/2014-01pr.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hayvan Beslenmesi, Çayır-Mera ve Yem Bitkileri
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler / Review Articles
Yazarlar

Serhat Yıldız 0000-0003-1063-4704

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Ocak 2024
Kabul Tarihi 26 Şubat 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yıldız, S. (2024). Tef (Eragrostis Tef [Zucc.] Trotter) Bitkisinin Hayvan Beslemede Kullanımı. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 29(1), 403-412. https://doi.org/10.53433/yyufbed.1419294
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