ZnO STRUCTURES: THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGY IN PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE RED-194 DYE

Nazlı Türkten; Yunus Karataş

doi:10.17780/ksujes.1645182

EN TR

ZnO STRUCTURES: THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGY IN PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE RED-194 DYE

Abstract

ZnO structures are accessible photocatalysts that can be synthesized using significantly cheaper resources than other catalyst alternatives, addressing current environmental concerns. The present research proposed a design and synthesis of ZnO structures with two different morphologies, namely flower-like ZnO (ZnO-F) and rod-like ZnO (ZnO-R) using a simple hydrothermal method. These efficient catalysts were characterized using FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, BET, and XPS analyses. Both synthesis routes resulted in the formation of wurtzite crystalline ZnO. The variation in the synthesis route affected the morphology, crystallite size, and surface area of the ZnO structures. The crystallite sizes of ZnO-F and ZnO-R specimens were 24.46 nm and 31.10 nm, respectively. SEM indicated remarkable alterations in the morphology of ZnO structures. The surface area of ZnO-F (20 m2/g) was almost doubled compared to ZnO-R specimen (9.5 m2/g). XPS analysis confirmed the chemical states of ZnO structures. The impact of morphology and reaction conditions on the photoactivity of ZnO structures was tested on the degradation of Reactive Red 194 (RR-194) dye and ZnO-F specimen exhibited an improved photocatalytic performance than ZnO-R.

Keywords

ZnO YAPILARI: REAKTİF KIRMIZI 194 BOYASININ FOTOKATALİTİK DEGRADASYONUNDA MORFOLOJİNİN ETKİSİ

Abstract

ZnO yapıları, çevre sorunlarında kullanılabilecek etkin ve ekonomik katalizörler olarak günümüzde dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, basit bir hidrotermal yöntem kullanılarak çiçek benzeri ZnO (ZnO-F) ve çubuk benzeri ZnO (ZnO-R) olmak üzere iki farklı morfolojide ZnO yapılarının tasarımını ve sentezini önerilmiştir. Bu etkin katalizörlerin karakterizasyonu FTIR, Raman spektroskopisi, XRD, SEM, BET ve XPS analizleri ile yapılmıştır. Her iki yöntem ile wurtzit ZnO yapısı elde edilmiştir. Sentez koşullarındaki farklılık ise ZnO yapılarının morfolojisini, kristal boyutunu ve yüzey alanını etkilemiştir. ZnO-F ve ZnO-R örneklerinin kristal boyutları sırasıyla 24,46 nm ve 31,10 nm olarak bulunmuştur. SEM analizi ile ZnO yapılarının morfolojisinde dikkate değer değişiklikler saptanmıştır. ZnO-F örneğinin yüzey alanı (20 m2/g) ise ZnO-R örneğinin yüzey alanının (9,5 m2/g) yaklaşık iki katıdır. XPS analizi ile ZnO yapılarının kimyasal halleri belirlenmiştir. Morfoloji ve reaksiyon koşullarının ZnO yapılarının foto aktivitesi üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi Reaktif Kırmızı 194 (RR-194) boyasının degradasyonu ile incelenmiştir. Fotokatalitik aktivite deneylerinde ise ZnO-F katalizörünün ZnO-R katalizöründen daha iyi bir fotokatalitik performans sergilediği bulunmuştur

Keywords

Project Number

This work was supported by Research Fund of Kirsehir Ahi Evran University through Project FEF.A4.22.008.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Environmental Pollution and Prevention, Environmental Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Nazlı Türkten
0000-0001-9343-3697
Türkiye

Yunus Karataş ^*
0000-0002-3826-463X
Türkiye

Publication Date

September 3, 2025

Submission Date

February 22, 2025

Acceptance Date

March 4, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 28 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1645182

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA88GR64SJ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Türkten, N., & Karataş, Y. (2025). ZnO STRUCTURES: THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGY IN PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE RED-194 DYE. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 28(3), 1234-1245. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1645182

AMA

1.Türkten N, Karataş Y. ZnO STRUCTURES: THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGY IN PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE RED-194 DYE. KSU J. Eng. Sci. 2025;28(3):1234-1245. doi:10.17780/ksujes.1645182

Chicago

Türkten, Nazlı, and Yunus Karataş. 2025. “ZnO STRUCTURES: THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGY IN PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE RED-194 DYE”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 28 (3): 1234-45. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1645182.

EndNote

Türkten N, Karataş Y (September 1, 2025) ZnO STRUCTURES: THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGY IN PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE RED-194 DYE. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 28 3 1234–1245.

IEEE

[1]N. Türkten and Y. Karataş, “ZnO STRUCTURES: THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGY IN PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE RED-194 DYE”, KSU J. Eng. Sci., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 1234–1245, Sept. 2025, doi: 10.17780/ksujes.1645182.

ISNAD

Türkten, Nazlı - Karataş, Yunus. “ZnO STRUCTURES: THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGY IN PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE RED-194 DYE”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 28/3 (September 1, 2025): 1234-1245. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1645182.

JAMA

1.Türkten N, Karataş Y. ZnO STRUCTURES: THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGY IN PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE RED-194 DYE. KSU J. Eng. Sci. 2025;28:1234–1245.

MLA

Türkten, Nazlı, and Yunus Karataş. “ZnO STRUCTURES: THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGY IN PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE RED-194 DYE”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 28, no. 3, Sept. 2025, pp. 1234-45, doi:10.17780/ksujes.1645182.

Vancouver

1.Nazlı Türkten, Yunus Karataş. ZnO STRUCTURES: THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGY IN PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF REACTIVE RED-194 DYE. KSU J. Eng. Sci. 2025 Sep. 1;28(3):1234-45. doi:10.17780/ksujes.1645182