FARKLI YAKITLAR İÇİN YANMA ODASI PARAMETRELERİNİN GAZ TÜRBİNİ ÇEVRİMİNİN TERMODİNAMİK PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ

Ali Hüsnü Bademlioğlu

doi:10.17780/ksujes.1814828

EN TR

EFFECT OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER PARAMETERS ON THE THERMODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF A GAS TURBINE CYCLE FOR DIFFERENT FUELS

Abstract

In gas turbine cycles, the combustion chamber is the key component where the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into thermal energy through combustion and transferred to the working fluid at high temperature and pressure. This study investigates the thermodynamic performance of a gas turbine cycle comprising a two-stage compressor and a single-stage turbine for methane (CH₄) and propane (C₃H₈) fuels. The analyzed combustion chamber parameters were the excess air ratio (λ = 3–5), combustion efficiency (η_comb = 95%–99%), and pressure loss (ΔP = 2%–8%). Energy and exergy analyses were conducted based on these parameters. The analysis results indicated that an increase in the excess air ratio decreases the flame temperature, leading to a noticeable reduction in both the thermal and exergy efficiencies of the cycle, while an improvement in the combustion efficiency enhances the cycle performance by enabling a more effective conversion of the fuel’s chemical energy into thermal energy. Increasing pressure loss decreases the turbine inlet pressure, limits the expansion ratio, and reduces both thermal and exergy efficiencies. Overall, the system using CH₄ exhibited higher thermal and exergy efficiencies than the one using C₃H₈. Depending on the combustion chamber parameters and fuel type, the thermal efficiency ranged between 34.84%–46.67%, while the exergy efficiency varied from 31.33%–44.27%.

Keywords

FARKLI YAKITLAR İÇİN YANMA ODASI PARAMETRELERİNİN GAZ TÜRBİNİ ÇEVRİMİNİN TERMODİNAMİK PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ

Öz

Gaz türbini çevrimlerinde yanma odası, yakıtın kimyasal enerjisinin yanma süreciyle ısı enerjisine dönüştürülerek yüksek sıcaklık ve basınçtaki çalışma akışkanına aktarıldığı temel bir bileşendir. Bu çalışmada, iki kademeli kompresör grubu ve tek kademeli türbinden oluşan bir gaz türbini çevriminin termodinamik performansı, metan (CH4) ve propan (C3H8) yakıtları için incelenmiştir. Yanma odası parametreleri olarak hava fazlalık katsayısı (λ=3–5), yanma verimi (η_yan=%95–%99) ve basınç kaybı (ΔP=%2–%8) ele alınmış; bu parametrelere bağlı olarak çevrimin enerji ve ekserji analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları, hava fazlalık katsayısındaki artışın alev sıcaklığını düşürerek çevrimin termal ve ekserji verimlerinde belirgin bir azalmaya neden olduğunu, yanma verimindeki artışın ise yakıtın kimyasal enerjisinin daha etkin biçimde ısı enerjisine dönüştürülmesini sağlayarak çevrim performansını iyileştirdiğini göstermiştir. Basınç kaybındaki artış, türbin giriş basıncını düşürerek genleşme oranını sınırlamış ve buna bağlı olarak çevrimin hem termal hem de ekserji verimlerinde azalma meydana getirmiştir. Genel olarak, CH4 yakıtı kullanılan sistemin termal ve ekserji verimlerinin C3H8 yakıtına kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. İncelenen yanma odası parametreleri ve kullanılan yakıta bağlı olarak, gaz türbini çevriminin termal verimi %34,84–%46,67, ekserji verimi ise %31,33–%44,27 aralığında değişmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

References

Ahmadi, P., & Dincer, I. (2011). Thermodynamic and exergoenvironmental analyses, and multi-objective optimization of a gas turbine power plant. Applied Thermal Engineering, 31(14-15), 2529-2540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.04.018
Alnaimi, F. B. I., Singh, M. S. J., Al-Bazi, A., Al-Muhsen, N. F., Mohammed, T. S., & Al-Hadeethi, R. H. (2021). Parametric investigation of combustion process optimization for Gas Turbines at SJ Putrajaya. Energy Reports, 7, 5722-5732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.08.202
Bademlioglu, A. H., Canbolat, A. S., & Kaynakli, O. (2025). Sustainable liquid hydrogen production: Comprehensive modeling and thermodynamic analysis of a geothermal-powered multifunctional system. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 76, 104279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2025.104279
Bejan, A., Tsatsaronis, G., & Moran, M. J. (1995). Thermal design and optimization. John Wiley & Sons.
Chen, F., Zhang, W., Cai, J., Wang, X., Guo, J., & Li, W. (2024). Design and optimization of a multi-level wasted heat recovery system for a natural gas-based gas turbine cycle; comprehensive exergy and economic analyses. Applied Thermal Engineering, 236, 121662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.121662
Chen, Y., Wang, M., Liso, V., Samsatli, S., Samsatli, N. J., Jing, R., Chen, J., Li, N., & Zhao, Y. (2019). Parametric analysis and optimization for exergoeconomic performance of a combined system based on solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine and supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle. Energy Conversion and Management, 186, 66-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.02.036
Chmielewski, M., Niszczota, P., & Gieras, M. (2020). Combustion efficiency of fuel-water emulsion in a small gas turbine. Energy, 211, 118961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.118961
Eke, M. N., Ozor, P. A., Aigbodion, V. S., & Mbohwa, C. (2021). Second law approach in the reduction of gas emission from gas turbine plant. Fuel Communications, 9, 100030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfueco.2021.100030

Goodarzi, M., Kiasat, M., & Khalilidehkordi, E. (2014). Performance analysis of a modified regenerative Brayton and inverse Brayton cycle. Energy, 72, 35-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.04.072
Harutyunyan, A., Badyda, K., & Szablowski, Ł. (2025). Energy and exergy analysis of complex gas turbines systems powered by a mixture of hydrogen and methane. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 144, 713-725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.02.378
Hatem, F. A., Alhumairi, M. K. A., Al-Obaidi, M. A., Mohammad, A. T., & Darwish, A. S. K. (2025). Upgrading Gas Turbine Efficiency for Sustainable Power Generation: An Energy and Exergy Analyses. Results in Engineering, 105489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.105489
Khaljani, M., Saray, R. K., & Bahlouli, K. (2015). Comprehensive analysis of energy, exergy and exergo-economic of cogeneration of heat and power in a combined gas turbine and organic Rankine cycle. Energy Conversion and Management, 97, 154-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.02.067
Kok, J. B. W., & Haselhoff, E. A. (2023). Thermodynamic analysis of the thermal and exergetic performance of a mixed gas-steam aero derivative gas turbine engine for power generation. Heliyon, 9(8). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18927
Miao, X., Zhang, H., Zhao, S., Zhang, Q., & Xia, Y. (2024). An innovative S–CO2 recompression Brayton system and its thermodynamic, exergoeconomic and multi-objective analyses for a nuclear spacecraft. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 53, 103805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2023.103805
Mossbeck, S., & Margraves, C. (2024, March). Examination of Combustion Processes Using a Rankine Cycler. In 2024 ASEE Southeastern Section Conference.
Nader, W. S. B., Mansour, C. J., & Nemer, M. G. (2018). Optimization of a Brayton external combustion gas-turbine system for extended range electric vehicles. Energy, 150, 745-758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.008
Naeim, K. A., Hegazi, A. A., Awad, M. M., & El-Emam, S. H. (2022). Thermodynamic analysis of gas turbine performance using the enthalpy–entropy approach. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 34, 102036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2022.102036
Olivenza-León, D., Medina, A., & Hernández, A. C. (2015). Thermodynamic modeling of a hybrid solar gas-turbine power plant. Energy Conversion and Management, 93, 435-447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.01.02
Ozen, D. N., Guleryuz, E. H., & Acılar, A. M. (2024). Advanced exergo-economic analysis of an advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage system with the modified productive structure analysis method and multi-objective optimization study. Journal of Energy Storage, 81, 110380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2023.110380
Peng, W., Gonzalez-Ayala, J., Guo, J., Chen, J., & Hernández, A. C. (2020). An alkali metal thermoelectric converter hybridized with a Brayton heat engine: Parametric design strategies and energetic optimization. Journal of Cleaner Production, 260, 120953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120953
Selwynraj, A. I., Iniyan, S., Polonsky, G., Suganthi, L., & Kribus, A. (2015). Exergy analysis and annual exergetic performance evaluation of solar hybrid STIG (steam injected gas turbine) cycle for Indian conditions. Energy, 80, 414-427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.12.001
Shukla, A. K., & Singh, O. (2017). Thermodynamic investigation of parameters affecting the execution of steam injected cooled gas turbine based combined cycle power plant with vapor absorption inlet air cooling. Applied Thermal Engineering, 122, 380-388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.05.034
Skabelund, B. B., Jenkins, C. D., Stechel, E. B., & Milcarek, R. J. (2023). Thermodynamic and emission analysis of a hydrogen/methane fueled gas turbine. Energy Conversion and Management: X, 19, 100394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2023.100394
Wang, Y., Tao, C., Peng, Y., Liang, S., & Sun, R. (2025). Thermodynamic and emission analysis of CH4/H2/NH3 ternary fuel applied in gas turbine system under oxygen-rich atmosphere. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, 103649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103649
Wang, Z., Han, W., Zhang, N., Liu, M., & Jin, H. (2017). Proposal and assessment of a new CCHP system integrating gas turbine and heat-driven cooling/power cogeneration. Energy Conversion and Management, 144, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.04.043
Wu, C., Xu, X., Li, Q., Li, J., Wang, S., & Liu, C. (2020). Proposal and assessment of a combined cooling and power system based on the regenerative supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle integrated with an absorption refrigeration cycle for engine waste heat recovery. Energy Conversion and Management, 207, 112527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2020.112527
Xing, C., Liu, L., Qiu, P., Zhang, L., Yu, X., Chen, X., Zhao, Y., Peng, J., & Shen, W. (2022). Research on combustion performance of a micro-mixing combustor for methane-fueled gas turbine. Journal of the Energy Institute, 103, 72-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2022.05.014
Yamankaradeniz, N., Bademlioglu, A. H., & Kaynakli, O. (2018). Performance assessments of organic Rankine cycle with internal heat exchanger based on exergetic approach. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 140(10), 102001. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4040108
Zhang, B., Chen, Y., Wang, Z., & Shakibi, H. (2020). Thermodynamic, environmental, and optimization of a new power generation system driven by a gas turbine cycle. Energy Reports, 6, 2531-2548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.09.003

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage (Excl. Chemical and Electrical)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ali Hüsnü Bademlioğlu ^*
0000-0001-6944-4900
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 3, 2026

Submission Date

October 31, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 5, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 29 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1814828

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA45KD76UL

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Bademlioğlu, A. H. (2026). FARKLI YAKITLAR İÇİN YANMA ODASI PARAMETRELERİNİN GAZ TÜRBİNİ ÇEVRİMİNİN TERMODİNAMİK PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(1), 259-277. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1814828