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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF DISC THICKNESS ON MAGNETIC FORCE IN FLAT FACED DISC TYPE OF MAGNETIC CIRCUITS

Year 2026, Volume: 29 Issue: 1, 370 - 378, 03.03.2026

Zeliha Kamış Kocabıçak

https://izlik.org/JA95SH53KP

Abstract

In flat faced disc type of magnetic circuits, after the magnetic circuit is dimensioned, the primary parameters affecting the magnetic force are the coil current (i) and the air gap (x) between the disc and the fixed pole. The disc thickness, determined depending on the magnetic circuit dimensions, affects the magnetic force because it affects the magnetic reluctance and fringing fluxes. In this study, the effect of disc thickness on the magnetic force in flat faced disc type of magnetic circuits was experimentally investigated. For this purpose, the air gap (x), coil current (i), and disc thickness (w) were selected as design parameters, and the design of experiment (DoE) was created based on the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array with three levels assigned to each parameter. The magnetic force provided by the magnetic circuit was experimentally measured for each combination of parameters. Since the magnetic force in magnetic circuits should be as high as possible, the optimal parameters and contribution ratios were determined by applying signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio analysis with the "larger-the-better" performance criterion. The percentage contribution of each parameter to the magnetic force was determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicated that the disc thickness has a 14.63% effect on the magnetic force. Subsequently, the magnetic force was calculated as a function of the parameters using the S/N ratios, and a good agreement was observed between the calculated values and the experimental results.

Keywords

Flat faced disc type of magnetic circuit magnetic force disc thickness Taguchi

References

  • Arslanoğlu, N., & Yigit, A. (2016) Experimental investigation of radiation effect on human thermal comfort by Taguchi method. Applied Thermal Engineering, 92, 18-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.09.070
  • Demir, U., & Akuner, M.C. (2018). Design and optimization of in-wheel asynchronous motor for electric vehicle. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 33(4), 1517-1530. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.416448
  • Demir, U., & Kocabicak, Z. K. (2021). Performance assessments of the material for the traction motor cores of an electric racing kart. Materials Testing, 63(6), 519-528. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2020-0085
  • Duzgun, E., & Sefkat, G. (2024). The design and analysis of a proportional solenoid with experimental validation of static and dynamic behaviour. Applied Sciences, 14(24), 11990. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411990
  • Hsiao, C.Y., Lai, C.H., Zheng, Z.X., & Li, G.Y. (2021). Design and implement of three-phase permanent-magnet synchronous wave generator using Taguchi approach. Energies, 14(7), 2010. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14072010
  • Kim, J., & Doo, J. (2003). Magnetostrictive self-moving cell linear motor. Mechatronics, 13(7), 739–753. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0957-4158(02)00061-2
  • Kocabicak, Z. K. (2020). Development of a bond graph model for electromechanical actuators. Materials Testing, 62(5), 459-464. https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111504
  • Kocabicak, Z. K., & Demir, U. (2020). Design and optimization of an electromechanical actuator for the latch of a foldable vehicle seat. Materials Testing, 62(7), 749-755. https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111539
  • Kocabicak, Z. K., & Acar, Z. (2025). Optimal hydraulic engine mount parameters using design of experiment (DoE) and response surface methodology. Materials Testing , 67(4), 728-736. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2024-0422
  • Kocabicak, Z. K., & Acar, Z. (2025). Taguchi-based grey relational analysis on multiple damping characteristics of a hydraulic engine mount, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 50(17), 13623-13634. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-024-09510-8
  • Kocabicak, Z. K. (2025a). Experimental investigation of a hydraulic engine mount by Taguchi method. International Journal of Simulation Modelling, 24(2), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.2507/IJSIMM24-2-710
  • Kocabicak, Z. K. (2025b). Bir hidrolik motor takozunun taguchi yöntemi ile deneysel olarak incelenmesi, Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(2), 718-729. https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1603760
  • Lee, T.C.H., Shin, B.H., & Bang, Y.B. (2016). Designing a permanent-magnetic actuator for vacuum circuit breakers using the Taguchi method and dynamic characteristic analysis. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 63(3), 1655-1664. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2015.2494006
  • Parivar, H., & Darabi, A. (2022). Taguchi method for design and optimization of a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator protected by retention sleeve. Engineering and Applied Sciences, 7(2), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220702.12
  • Roters, H. C. (1941). Electromagnetic devices, John Willey, USA
  • Sefkat, G. (2009). The design optimization of the electromechanical actuator. Structural And Multidisciplinary Optimization, 37(6), 635-644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-008-0254-3
  • Sefkat, G. (2010). Investigating static and dynamic characteristics of electromechanical actuators (EMA) with MATLAB GUIs. Computer Applications In Engineering Education, 18(2), 383-396. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.20279
  • Sharma, U., & Singh, B. (2021). Design and development of energy efficient single phase induction motor for ceiling fan using Taguchi’s orthogonal arrays. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 57(4), 3562-3572. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2021.3072020
  • Topcu, E.E., Kocabicak Z.K., & Yuksel, I. (2008). Simplified numerical solution of electromechanical systems by look-up tables. Mechatronics, 18(10), 559-565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechatronics.2008.05.006
  • Tuncel, O., & Bayraklılar, M.S. (2024). The application of the Taguchi method for optimizing the compression strength of PLA samples produced using FDM, KSÜ Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(1), 133-140. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1365534
  • Turan, M.K., Topcu, E.E., & Karpat, F. (2024). Modelling and investigation of a driver seat suspension with negative stiffness structure. International Journal of Simulation Modelling, 23(2), 275-286. https://doi.org/10.2507/IJSIMM23-2-684
  • Tutar, M., Aydin, H., Yuce, C., Yavuz, N., & Bayram, A. (2014). The optimisation of process parameters for friction stir spot-welded AA3003-H12 aluminium alloy using a Taguchi orthogonal array. Materials & Design, 63, 789-797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.07.003
  • Yan, S., Zhang, X., Gao, Z., Wang, A., Zhang, Y., Xu, M., & Hua, S. (2023). Design optimization of a new hybrid excitation drive motor for new energy vehicles. World Electric Vehicle Journal, 14(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj14010004
  • Yang, C., Cao, H., & Xing, S. (2021). Analytical calculation of magnetic circuit at key positions of axial-radial flux switched reluctance rim driven motor. In 24th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Korea, (pp. 2573-2578). https://doi.org/10.23919/ICEMS52562.2021.9634275
  • Yang, L., Gao, T., Du, X., Zhai, F., Lu, C., & Kong, X. (2022). Electromagnetic characteristics analysis and structure optimization of high-speed fuel solenoid valves. Machines, 10(10), 964. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10100964
  • Xu, Z.H., Wang, S.C., Zhang, Z.W., Chin, T.S., & Sung, C.K. (2015). Optimization of magnetizing parameters for multipole magnetic scales using the Taguchi method. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 51(11), 3102204. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2458017
  • Zhang, W., Shi, L., Liu, K., Li, L., & Jing, J. (2021). Optimization analysis of automotive asymmetric magnetic pole permanent magnet motor by Taguchi method. International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2021, 6691574. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6691574
  • Zhang, G., Tao, J., Li, Y., Hua, W., Xu, X., & Chen, Z. (2022). Magnetic equivalent circuit and optimization method of a synchronous reluctance motor with concentrated windings. Energies, 15(5), 1735. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15051735

DÜZ YÜZLÜ DİSK TİPİ MIKNATIS DEVRELERİNDE DİSK KALINLIĞININ MIKNATIS KUVVETİNE ETKİSİNİN DENEYSEL OLARAK İNCELENMESİ

Year 2026, Volume: 29 Issue: 1, 370 - 378, 03.03.2026

Zeliha Kamış Kocabıçak

https://izlik.org/JA95SH53KP

Abstract

Düz yüzlü disk tipi mıknatıs devrelerinde mıknatıs devresi boyutlandırıldıktan sonra mıknatıs kuvvetini etkileyen en temel parametreler bobin akımı (i) ve disk ile sabit kutup arasındaki hava aralığı mesafesidir (x). Mıknatıs devresi boyutlarına bağlı olarak belirlenen disk kalınlığı, mıknatıs direnci ve saçaklanma akılarını etkilediği için mıknatıs kuvvetini de etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada, düz yüzlü disk tipi mıknatıs devrelerinde disk kalınlığının mıknatıs kuvvetine etkisi deneysel olarak araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla hava aralığı mesafesi (x), bobin akımı (i) ve disk kalınlığı (w) tasarım parametreleri olarak belirlenmiş ve bu parametreler için üçer seviye öngörülerek Taguchi L9 ortogonal dizisine göre deney tasarımı (DoE) oluşturulmuştur. Her bir kombinasyon için mıknatıs devresinin sağladığı mıknatıs kuvveti deneysel olarak ölçülmüştür. Mıknatıs devrelerinde mıknatıs kuvvetinin mümkün olduğu kadar yüksek olması gerektiğinden “daha büyük-daha iyi” performans kriteri ile sinyal/gürültü (S/G) oranı analizi uygulanarak en uygun parametreler ve parametrelerin önem sırası belirlenmiştir. Varyans analizi (ANOVA) ile her bir parametrenin mıknatıs kuvveti üzerindeki yüzdelik katkısı elde edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda disk kalınlığının mıknatıs kuvveti üzerinde %14,63 oranında etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. S/G oranı değerleri kullanılarak parametrelere bağlı olarak mıknatıs kuvveti hesaplanmış ve hesaplanan değerlerle deney sonuçları arasında iyi bir uyum olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Düz yüzlü disk tipi mıknatıs devresi mıknatıs kuvveti disk kalınlığı Taguchi

References

  • Arslanoğlu, N., & Yigit, A. (2016) Experimental investigation of radiation effect on human thermal comfort by Taguchi method. Applied Thermal Engineering, 92, 18-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.09.070
  • Demir, U., & Akuner, M.C. (2018). Design and optimization of in-wheel asynchronous motor for electric vehicle. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 33(4), 1517-1530. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.416448
  • Demir, U., & Kocabicak, Z. K. (2021). Performance assessments of the material for the traction motor cores of an electric racing kart. Materials Testing, 63(6), 519-528. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2020-0085
  • Duzgun, E., & Sefkat, G. (2024). The design and analysis of a proportional solenoid with experimental validation of static and dynamic behaviour. Applied Sciences, 14(24), 11990. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411990
  • Hsiao, C.Y., Lai, C.H., Zheng, Z.X., & Li, G.Y. (2021). Design and implement of three-phase permanent-magnet synchronous wave generator using Taguchi approach. Energies, 14(7), 2010. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14072010
  • Kim, J., & Doo, J. (2003). Magnetostrictive self-moving cell linear motor. Mechatronics, 13(7), 739–753. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0957-4158(02)00061-2
  • Kocabicak, Z. K. (2020). Development of a bond graph model for electromechanical actuators. Materials Testing, 62(5), 459-464. https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111504
  • Kocabicak, Z. K., & Demir, U. (2020). Design and optimization of an electromechanical actuator for the latch of a foldable vehicle seat. Materials Testing, 62(7), 749-755. https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111539
  • Kocabicak, Z. K., & Acar, Z. (2025). Optimal hydraulic engine mount parameters using design of experiment (DoE) and response surface methodology. Materials Testing , 67(4), 728-736. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2024-0422
  • Kocabicak, Z. K., & Acar, Z. (2025). Taguchi-based grey relational analysis on multiple damping characteristics of a hydraulic engine mount, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 50(17), 13623-13634. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-024-09510-8
  • Kocabicak, Z. K. (2025a). Experimental investigation of a hydraulic engine mount by Taguchi method. International Journal of Simulation Modelling, 24(2), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.2507/IJSIMM24-2-710
  • Kocabicak, Z. K. (2025b). Bir hidrolik motor takozunun taguchi yöntemi ile deneysel olarak incelenmesi, Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(2), 718-729. https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1603760
  • Lee, T.C.H., Shin, B.H., & Bang, Y.B. (2016). Designing a permanent-magnetic actuator for vacuum circuit breakers using the Taguchi method and dynamic characteristic analysis. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 63(3), 1655-1664. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2015.2494006
  • Parivar, H., & Darabi, A. (2022). Taguchi method for design and optimization of a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator protected by retention sleeve. Engineering and Applied Sciences, 7(2), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220702.12
  • Roters, H. C. (1941). Electromagnetic devices, John Willey, USA
  • Sefkat, G. (2009). The design optimization of the electromechanical actuator. Structural And Multidisciplinary Optimization, 37(6), 635-644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-008-0254-3
  • Sefkat, G. (2010). Investigating static and dynamic characteristics of electromechanical actuators (EMA) with MATLAB GUIs. Computer Applications In Engineering Education, 18(2), 383-396. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.20279
  • Sharma, U., & Singh, B. (2021). Design and development of energy efficient single phase induction motor for ceiling fan using Taguchi’s orthogonal arrays. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 57(4), 3562-3572. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2021.3072020
  • Topcu, E.E., Kocabicak Z.K., & Yuksel, I. (2008). Simplified numerical solution of electromechanical systems by look-up tables. Mechatronics, 18(10), 559-565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechatronics.2008.05.006
  • Tuncel, O., & Bayraklılar, M.S. (2024). The application of the Taguchi method for optimizing the compression strength of PLA samples produced using FDM, KSÜ Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(1), 133-140. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1365534
  • Turan, M.K., Topcu, E.E., & Karpat, F. (2024). Modelling and investigation of a driver seat suspension with negative stiffness structure. International Journal of Simulation Modelling, 23(2), 275-286. https://doi.org/10.2507/IJSIMM23-2-684
  • Tutar, M., Aydin, H., Yuce, C., Yavuz, N., & Bayram, A. (2014). The optimisation of process parameters for friction stir spot-welded AA3003-H12 aluminium alloy using a Taguchi orthogonal array. Materials & Design, 63, 789-797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.07.003
  • Yan, S., Zhang, X., Gao, Z., Wang, A., Zhang, Y., Xu, M., & Hua, S. (2023). Design optimization of a new hybrid excitation drive motor for new energy vehicles. World Electric Vehicle Journal, 14(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj14010004
  • Yang, C., Cao, H., & Xing, S. (2021). Analytical calculation of magnetic circuit at key positions of axial-radial flux switched reluctance rim driven motor. In 24th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Korea, (pp. 2573-2578). https://doi.org/10.23919/ICEMS52562.2021.9634275
  • Yang, L., Gao, T., Du, X., Zhai, F., Lu, C., & Kong, X. (2022). Electromagnetic characteristics analysis and structure optimization of high-speed fuel solenoid valves. Machines, 10(10), 964. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10100964
  • Xu, Z.H., Wang, S.C., Zhang, Z.W., Chin, T.S., & Sung, C.K. (2015). Optimization of magnetizing parameters for multipole magnetic scales using the Taguchi method. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 51(11), 3102204. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2458017
  • Zhang, W., Shi, L., Liu, K., Li, L., & Jing, J. (2021). Optimization analysis of automotive asymmetric magnetic pole permanent magnet motor by Taguchi method. International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2021, 6691574. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6691574
  • Zhang, G., Tao, J., Li, Y., Hua, W., Xu, X., & Chen, Z. (2022). Magnetic equivalent circuit and optimization method of a synchronous reluctance motor with concentrated windings. Energies, 15(5), 1735. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15051735
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Optimization Techniques in Mechanical Engineering, Machine Design and Machine Equipment
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Zeliha Kamış Kocabıçak 0000-0003-3292-8324

Submission Date December 15, 2025
Acceptance Date January 27, 2026
Publication Date March 3, 2026
IZ https://izlik.org/JA95SH53KP
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 29 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kamış Kocabıçak, Z. (2026). DÜZ YÜZLÜ DİSK TİPİ MIKNATIS DEVRELERİNDE DİSK KALINLIĞININ MIKNATIS KUVVETİNE ETKİSİNİN DENEYSEL OLARAK İNCELENMESİ. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(1), 370-378. https://izlik.org/JA95SH53KP