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Denizli Güneydoğusundaki (GB Türkiye) Kömürlerin Hidrokarbon Türetme Potansiyeli ve Biyomarker Özellikleri

Year 2018, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 20 - 42, 30.03.2018

Demet Koralay

https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.326929

Abstract

Çalışma alanı Denizli ilinin yaklaşık 45 km güneydoğusundaki
Serinhisar ilçesine bağlı Yatağan yöresidir. Çalışma materyalini oluşturan kömürler
karasal ve gölsel özellik gösteren birimler içerisinde yer almakta olup,
yayılımları ve kalınlıkları azdır. Yatağan Formasyonu olarak adlandırılan birim
kırıntılı ve karbonat kayalardan oluşan iki farklı litolojiden meydana
gelmiştir ve kömürler karbonat kayalar içerisinde yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada,
Yatağan (Serinhisar/Denizli) kömürlerine ait organik petrografik ve organik
jeokimyasal veriler ile biyomarker parametreleri değerlendirilerek kömürlerin hidrokarbon
türetme potansiyeli ve çökelme ortamına ait bilgiler elde edilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Çalışma alanına ait kömür örneklerinde toplam organik karbon
(TOC) ve Rock Eval piroliz analizi ile ince tabaka kromatografi (TLC/FID), gaz
kromatografi (GC) ve gaz kromatografi-kütle spektrometri (GC-MS) analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Ayrıca kömürün organik ve inorganik bileşenleri organik petrografi ve X-ışınları
difraksiyonu (XRD) çalışmaları ile belirlenmiştir. İncelenen örneklerin TOC değerleri % 0.59 ile % 48.30 arasındadır.
Çoğunlukla Tip III kerojen hakim olup, Tmax değerleri 418 oC ile 440
oC arasında değişmektedir. Yatağan (Serinhisar/Denizli) kömürleri,
olgunlaşmanın düşük olması ve sığ gömülme nedeniyle hidrokarbon türümü
açısından yetersizdir. Organik jeokimyasal veriler Yatağan Formasyonu
kömürlerinin oksik ortam koşullarında
çökeldiğine işaret etmektedir. Hidrokarbon
gruplarının % miktarları; polar + asfaltenler % 73.21-% 98.7, doymuş
hidrokarbonlar % 1.09 - % 21.87 ve aromatik hidrokarbonlar % 0.21-% 7.71 olarak
belirlenmiştir. İncelenen örneklerde nC27, nC29 ve nC31
gibi tek sayılı n-alkanların baskın oluşu yüksek karasal bitkilerin bolluğu ile
açıklanabilir. Ayrıca oldukça yüksek Ʃ(nC21-nC31)/Ʃ(nC15-nC20)
oranları ile yüksek karbon tercih indeksi (CPI) ve yüksek karasal/sucul oranı
(TAR), tricyclic terpanların baskın olmayışı, C29Ts bileşeninin
varlığı, C29Ts/C29Ts + Norhopan oranı ve C29
steran oranının yüksek olması gibi parametreler yüksek karasal bitki kökenli
organik maddenin varlığını gösterir. Yüksek moretan/hopan oranı ve oldukça
düşük Ts/Ts+Tm oranı ise ısısal olarak olgunlaşmamış organik maddeye işaret
etmektedir.

Keywords

Kömür Yatağan Denizli Biyomarker Organik Jeokimya Rock-Eval Piroliz Analizi Çökelme Ortamı

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Hydrocarbon Production Potential and Biomarker Characteristics of Coals from Southeast of Denizli (SW Turkey)

Year 2018, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 20 - 42, 30.03.2018

Demet Koralay

https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.326929

Abstract

Study area is from Yatağan locality, which is situated
as a part of Serinhisar country almost 45 km on the southeast of Denizli. The
study materials are composed of coal from the study field is located in units which show
terrestrial and lacustrine features and their expansion and thickness is
slight. The units called Yatağan Formation are composed of two different
lithologies that are formed by clastic and carbonate rocks. Coal which is among
carbonate rocks from Yatağan Formation. The purpose of this study is to find
out the hyrocarbon production potential and information about the depositional
environment of coals using organic petrographic and organic geochemical datas, and
biomarker parameters. Total organic carbon (TOC) and Rock Eval pyrolysis
analysis, and thin layer chromatography (TLC/FID), gas chromatography (GC) and
gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses is applied to coal
samples from the study field. Organic and inorganic compounds of the coal were
also determined by the method of organic petrography and X-ray diffraction
(XRD) analyses. The TOC values of the
examined samples are between 0.59 % wt. and 48.30 % wt. Coal samples
contain dominantly Type III kerogen, and Tmax values are between 418 oC
ile 440 oC. Yatağan (Serinhisar/Denizli) coals are insufficient in
terms of hydrocarbon production due to the low maturation and shallow burial.
Organic geochemical datas indicate that oxic depositional environment conditions
are dominant in the Yatağan Formation. Hydrocarbon groups are determined as follows; polar +
asphaltens between 73.21 % - 98.7 %, saturate hydrocarbons between 21.87 % -
1.09 % and aromatic hydrocarbons between 7.71 % - 0.21 %. The dominance of the
odd numbered n-alkanes like n-C27, n-C29 and n-C31
can be interpreted with the abundance of highly terrestrial plants. Also,
parameters like quite high ratios of Ʃ(nC21-nC31)/Ʃ(nC15-nC20),
high carbon preference index (CPI) and high terrigenous/aquatic ratio (TAR),
the lack of tricyclic terpanes as dominant peaks, the existence of C29Ts
component, C29Ts/C29Ts + Norhopane ratio and the high
level of C29 sterane ratio indicate the presence of organic
materials originated
from highly terrestrial plants. High moretane/hopane ratio and quite low
Ts/Ts+Tm ratio show thermally immature organic materials.

Keywords

Coal Yatağan Denizli Biomarker Organic Geochemistry Rock-Eval Pyrolysis Analysis Depositional Environment

References

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  • Altunsoy, M., Özçelik, O. (1992). The characteristics of organic facies of the Bozbel Formation (Lutetian), Southern Hafik (Sivas) Turkey, International work-shop, work in progress on the geology of Türkiye, Keele University, İngiltere, p. 16.
  • Andrew, D. H., Bradley, D. R., David, Z. J., Moldowan, M., and Ulderico, B. (2001). Upper Oligocene lacustrine source rocks and petroleum systems of the northern Qaidan Basin, northwest China, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 85, 601-619.
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  • Baban, D.H., Shadan, M.A. (2008). Biomarker indicators of source and depositional environment for the organic matters within Barsarin Formation (Upper Jurassic) in Kirkuk and Taq Taq oil fields, Northern Iraq, Journal of Kirkuk University-Scientific Studies, 3 (1), 51-72.
  • Bakr, M.M.Y. (2009). Molecular organic geochemistry of crude oil from Shushan and Abu Gharadig Basins, Western Desert, Egypt, Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Earth Science, 20 (2), 97-125.
  • Bordenave, M. L., (1993). Applied petroleum geochemistry. Ėditions Technip, Paris.
  • Bourbonniere, R.A., Meyers, P.A. (1996). Sedimentary geolipid records of historical changes in the watersheds and productivities of Lakes Ontario and Erie, Limnology and Oceanography, 41 (2), 352-359.
  • Bray, E.E., and Evans, E.D. (1965). Hydrocarbons in nonreservoir-rock source beds: Part 1, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 49, 248-257.
  • Connan, J. and Cassou, A.M. (1980). Properties of gases and petroleum liquids derived from terrestrial kerogen at various maturation levels, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 44, 1-23.
  • Czochanska, Z., Gilbert, T.D., Philp, R.P., Sheppard, C.M., Weston, R.J., Wood, T.A. and Woolhouse, A.D. (1988). Geochemical application of sterane and triterpane biomarkers to a description of oil from the Taranaki Basin in New Zealand, Organic Geochemistry, 12, 123-135.
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  • Ercan, T., Güney, E., ve Baş, H. (1983). Denizli volkanitlerinin petrolojisi ve plaka tektoniği açısından bölgesel yorumu, Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni, 26 (2), 153-159.
  • Espitalie, J., Deroo, G., and Marquis, F. (1985). Rock-Eval pyrolysis and its applications. Institut Francais du Petrole, 40, 563-784.
  • Flores, D. (2002). Organic facies and depositional palaeoenvironment of lignites from Rio Maior Basin (Portugal), International Journal of Coal Geology, 48, 181-195.
  • Gedik, F. ve Tunç, M. (2004). Denizli yöresindeki denizel Oligosen çökellerinin bentik foraminiferleri ve onların biyostratigrafisi, 57. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, 217-218.
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There are 73 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Geological Engineering
Authors

Demet Koralay

Publication Date March 30, 2018
Submission Date July 6, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018Volume: 21 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Koralay, D. (2018). Denizli Güneydoğusundaki (GB Türkiye) Kömürlerin Hidrokarbon Türetme Potansiyeli ve Biyomarker Özellikleri. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(1), 20-42. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.326929
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