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KENEVİR TOHUMU YAĞI VE NAOH-KOH KULLANILARAK ÜRETİLEN METİL ESTERLERİN MOTORİNLE HARMANLANMASI İLE ELDE EDİLEN BİYOYAKITLARIN KİNEMATİK VİSKOZİTE DEĞERLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Year 2024, , 539 - 553, 03.06.2024

Fatmanur Demirbaş , Volkan Aslan

https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1405375

Abstract

Fosil yakıtların tükenme tehlikesi, bu yakıtlardan enerji üretimi ile havaya salınan sera gazlarının küresel iklim değişikliğine olumsuz etkileri ve ekolojik dengenin sarsılması nedenlerinden dolayı alternatif yakıtların kullanımı hayati önem kazanmıştır. Alternatif yakıtlardan biri olan biyodizel; uygun emisyon ve yanma profili, karbon nötr özelliği, yüksek parlama noktası, çok yönlü kullanımı nedeniyle son zamanlarda büyük ilgi görmektedir. Bu çalışmada, kenevir yağının, sodyum hidroksit ve potasyum hidroksit varlığında, metanol ile reaksiyonu sonucunda biyodizel üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her iki katalizörün en uygun biyodizel sentezi için katalizör ağırlığı (0,4–1,0 %ağ.), alkol:yağ molar oranı (3:1–9:1), reaksiyon sıcaklığı (30–60°C) ve reaksiyon süresi (30–75 dk.) parametreleri klasik metot kullanılarak optimize edilmiştir. Sodyum hidroksit ile yapılan denemelerde %94.89 biyodizel verimi elde edilirken, potasyum hidroksit kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmada %95,91 biyodizel verimi sağlanmıştır. Optimum sonuçlarda üretilen yakıtlar dizel yakıtı ile hacimsel olarak %10, %20, %30, %40, %50, %60, %70, %80 ve %90 oranlarında harmanlanmış ve karışım yakıtların 40°C’de kinematik viskozite değerleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, karışım yakıtların ASTM D6751 ve EN 14214 standartlarına uygun olduğu ve sodyum hidroksit ile üretilen yakıtların potasyum hidroksitle elde edilen yakıtlara göre daha düşük kinematik viskoziteye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Biyodizel kinematik viskozite kenevir tohumu sodyum hidroksit potasyum hidroksit

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

1919B012205988

Thanks

TÜBİTAK 2209-A Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı kapsamında verilen proje desteğine teşekkür ederiz (Proje No: 1919B012205988).

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COMPARISON OF KINEMATIC VISCOSITY VALUES OF BIOFUELS PRODUCED BY BLENDING METHYL ESTERS PRODUCED USING HEMP SEED OIL AND NAOH-KOH WITH DIESEL FUEL

Year 2024, , 539 - 553, 03.06.2024

Fatmanur Demirbaş , Volkan Aslan

https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1405375

Abstract

The use of alternative fuels has become vitally important due to the danger of depletion of fossil fuels, the negative effects of greenhouse gases released into the air through energy production from these fuels on global climate change, and the disruption of ecological balance. Biodiesel, one of the alternative fuels; has recently attracted great attention due to its suitable emission and combustion profile, carbon neutral feature, high flash point, and versatile use. In this study, biodiesel was produced as a result of the reaction of hemp oil with methanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. For the most suitable biodiesel synthesis of both catalysts, catalyst weight (0.4–1.0 wt%), alcohol: oil molar ratio (3:1–9:1), reaction temperature (30–60 °C), and reaction time (30–75 min.) were determined. min.) parameters were optimized using the classical method. While 94,89% biodiesel yield was obtained in the trials conducted with sodium hydroxide, 95.91% biodiesel yield was achieved in the study using potassium hydroxide. The fuels produced with optimum results were blended with diesel fuel at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% by volume, and the kinematic viscosity values of the blended fuels at 40°C were determined. As a result, it was determined that the blended fuels comply with ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards and that fuels produced with sodium hydroxide have lower kinematic viscosity than fuels obtained with potassium hydroxide.

Keywords

Biodiesel kinematic viscosity hemp seed sodium hydroxide potassium hydroxide

Project Number

1919B012205988

References

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  • Afif, M.K., & Biradar, C.H. (2019). Production of biodiesel from Cannabis sativa (Hemp) seed oil and its performance and emission characteristics on DI engine fueled with biodiesel blends. Internatıonal Journal of Engıneerıng Research & Technology, 6(8), 246-253.
  • Ahmad, M., Khan, M.A., Zafar, M., & Sultana, S. (2012). Practical handbook on biodiesel production and properties. CRC Press.
  • Al-Sakkari, E.G., El-Sheltawy, S.T., Soliman, A., & Ismail, I. (2018). Transesterification of low FFA waste vegetable oil using homogeneous base catalyst for biodiesel production: optimization, kinetics and product stability. Journal of Advanced Chemical Sciences, 586-592. https://doi.org/10.30799/jacs.195.18040305.
  • Alcheikh, A. (2015). Advantages and challenges of hemp biodiesel production. Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Master’s thesis. Gavle University: Gävle, Sweden.
  • Anani, N. (2020). Renewable energy technologies and resources. Artech House, Norwood.
  • Anwar, M. (2021). Biodiesel feedstocks selection strategies based on economic, technical, and sustainable aspects. Fuel, 283, 119204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119204.
  • Aslan, V., & Eryilmaz, T. (2020). Polynomial regression method for optimization of biodiesel production from black mustard (Brassica nigra L.) seed oil using methanol, ethanol, NaOH, and KOH. Energy, 209, 118386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.118386.
  • Atadashi, I.M., Aroua, M.K., Aziz, A.A., & Sulaiman, N.M.N. (2013). The effects of catalysts in biodiesel production: A review. Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry, 19(1), 14-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2012.07.009.
  • Bhuiya, M.M.K., Rasul, M.G., Khan, M.M.K., Ashwath, N., Azad, A.K., & Hazrat, M.A. (2016). Prospects of 2nd generation biodiesel as a sustainable fuel–Part 2: Properties, performance and emission characteristics. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 55, 1129–1146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.09.086.
  • Carlucci, C. (2022). An overview on the production of biodiesel enabled by continuous flow methodologies. Catalysts, 12(7), 717. https://doi.org/10.3390/ catal12070717.
  • Chanakaewsomboon, I., Tongurai, C., Photaworn, S., Kungsanant, S., & Nikhom, R. (2020). Investigation of saponification mechanisms in biodiesel production: Microscopic visualization of the effects of FFA, water and the amount of alkaline catalyst. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 8(2), 103538. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jece.2019.103538.
  • Chozhavendhan, S., Singh, M.V.P., Fransila, B., Kumar, R.P., & Devi, G.K. (2020). A review on influencing parameters of biodiesel production and purification processes. Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 1, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crgsc.2020.04.002.
  • Coniwanti, P., Surliadji, L., & Triandini, D. (2019, September). The effects of catalysts type, molar ratio, and transesterification time in producing biodiesel from beef tallow. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 620, No. 1, p. 012019). IOP Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/620/1/012019.
  • Demirbas, A. (2016). Biodiesel from corn germ oil catalytic and non-catalytic supercritical methanol transesterification. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 38(13), 1890-1897. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2015.1004388.
  • Efavi, J. K., Dodoo-Arhin, D., Kanbogtah, D., Apalangya, V., Nyankson, E., Tiburu, E. K., Dodoo-Arhin, D., Onwona-Agyeman, B., & Yaya, A. (2018). The effect of NaOH catalyst concentration and extraction time on the yield and properties of Citrullus vulgaris seed oil as a potential biodiesel feed stock. South African Journal of Chemical Engineering, 25(1), 98-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajce.2018.03.002.
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There are 61 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage (Excl. Chemical and Electrical), Optimization Techniques in Mechanical Engineering
Journal Section Mechanical Engineering
Authors

Fatmanur Demirbaş 0009-0007-9649-8681

Volkan Aslan 0000-0002-5354-2474

Project Number 1919B012205988
Publication Date June 3, 2024
Submission Date December 22, 2023
Acceptance Date March 15, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Demirbaş, F., & Aslan, V. (2024). KENEVİR TOHUMU YAĞI VE NAOH-KOH KULLANILARAK ÜRETİLEN METİL ESTERLERİN MOTORİNLE HARMANLANMASI İLE ELDE EDİLEN BİYOYAKITLARIN KİNEMATİK VİSKOZİTE DEĞERLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(2), 539-553. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1405375