Abstract
A large part of the lead-acid battery consists of lead and sulfuric acid. Acid is corrosive and very dangerous because it contains dissolved lead. It must be kept under control in terms of environmental and human health because of lead is a toxic substance. The present study includes the safe disposal of lead-acid battery slag using clay material. The aim of this study is to investigate the adsorption of lead removal from lead acid-batteries slag on clay using 23 full factorial design. The combined effects of adsorbent amount, temperature, adsorbent type and leachate solution on the lead removal adsorption were studied. Factorial design of experiments is employed to study the effect of three factors leachant solution type (TS EN 12457-4 – TCLP), adsorbent amount (10% and 50%), temperature (20 and 60 oC), and leachate solution (TCLP DIN), at two levels low and high. The results were statistically analyzed by using the student’s t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and an F-test to define important experimental factors and their levels. The results showed that the most effective parameters of the standard-temperature interaction is evaluated statistically.
References
- Arenas, L.T., Lima, E.C., Santos, A.A.D., Vaghetti, J.C.P., Coasta, T.M.H., Benvenutti, E.V. (2006). Use of statistical design of experiments to evaluate the sorption capacity of 1,4-diazoniabicycle[2,2,2]octane silica chloride for Cr(VI) adsorption, Colloids and Surfaces A, 297, 240–248.
- Box, G.E.P., Hunter, W.G., Hunter, J.S.(1978). Statistics for Experimenters—An Introduction to Design, Data Analysis and Model Building, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
- Brasil, J.L., Martins, L.C., Ev, R.R., Dupont, J., Dias, S.L.P., Sales, J.A.A., Airoldi, C., Lima, E.C. (2005). Factorial design for optimization of flow injection preconcentration procedure for copper(II) determination in natural waters, using 2-aminomethylpyridine grafted silica gel as adsorbent and spectrophotometric detection, International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 15, 475–491.
- Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı. (2009). Atık Pil ve Akümülatörlerin Yönetimi. Çevre Yönetimi Genel Müdürlüğü Atık Yönetimi Dairesi Başkanlığı, Ankara.
- Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı. (2011). Özel Atık İstatistikleri (2003-2009), Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Çevre Yönetimi Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
- Gomes G.M.F., Mendes T.F., Wada K.. (2011). Reduction in toxicity and generation of slag in secendary lead process, Journal of Cleaner Production, 19, 1096-1103.
- Kaksonen A.H., Särkijärvi S., Puhakka J., Peuraniemi E., Junnikkala S, Tuovinen O. (2016). Chemical and bacterial leaching of metals from a smelter slag in acid solutions, Hydrometallurgy, 159, 46-53.
- Kreusch M.A., Ponte M.J.J.S., Ponte H.A., Kaminari N.M.S., Marino C.E.B., Mymrin V. (2007). Techonologial improvements in automotive battery recycling, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 52, 368-380.
- Kurt, O. (2012). Sözlü Görüşme, Mutlu Akü ve Malzemeleri San.A.Ş., Tuzla, 34940, İstanbul.
- Madencilik Özel İhtisas Komisyon Raporu. (2001). Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı, Ankara.
- Montgomery, D.C.(1997). Design and Analysis of Experiments, to Design, Data Analysis and Model Building, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
- Montgomery D.C., Runger G.C. and Hubele N.F.(2001). Engineering Statistics, John Wiley &Sons, Inc., New York.
- Ogundiran M.B., Nugteren H.W., Witkamp G.J. (2013). Immobilisation of lead smelting slag within spentaluminate – fly ash based geopolymers, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 248-249, 29-36.
- Smaniotto A., Antunes A., Filho I.D.N., Venquiaruto L.D., Oliveira D., Mossi A.,Luccio M.D., Treichel H., Dallago R. (2009). Qualitative lead extraction from recycled lead-acid batteries slag, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 172, 1677-1680.
- USEPA. (1992). Method 1311 Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure, United States Environmental Projection Agency.
Abstract
Kurşun asit akülerin büyük bir kısmı kurşun ve sülfürik asitten meydana gelir. Asit korozif olmasının yanında çözünmüş halde kurşun içerdiğinden oldukça tehlikelidir. Kurşun toksik bir metal olup çevre ve insan sağlığı açısından kontrol altında tutulması gerekir. Bu sebeple ömrünü tamamlamış aküler uygun yöntemlerle toplanmalı ve geri kazanılmalıdır. Bu çalışmada kurşun geri kazanımı sonucu oluşan cürufun tehlikelilik arz eden özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi için doğal bir materyal olan kil kullanılmıştır. 23 faktöriyel dizayn kullanılarak kilin kurşun adsorplama yeteneği araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla standart türü, adsorbent dozajı ve sıcaklığın etkisi incelenmiştir. Faktöriyel dizayn yönteminde iki aşamalı üç faktör standart türü olarak TS EN 12457-4 – TCLP, dozaj olarak %10 - %50 ve sıcaklık olarak 20 oC – 60 oC olarak denenmiştir. Sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmiş olup standart-sıcaklık etkileşiminin en etkin parametre olduğu görülmüştür.
References
- Arenas, L.T., Lima, E.C., Santos, A.A.D., Vaghetti, J.C.P., Coasta, T.M.H., Benvenutti, E.V. (2006). Use of statistical design of experiments to evaluate the sorption capacity of 1,4-diazoniabicycle[2,2,2]octane silica chloride for Cr(VI) adsorption, Colloids and Surfaces A, 297, 240–248.
- Box, G.E.P., Hunter, W.G., Hunter, J.S.(1978). Statistics for Experimenters—An Introduction to Design, Data Analysis and Model Building, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
- Brasil, J.L., Martins, L.C., Ev, R.R., Dupont, J., Dias, S.L.P., Sales, J.A.A., Airoldi, C., Lima, E.C. (2005). Factorial design for optimization of flow injection preconcentration procedure for copper(II) determination in natural waters, using 2-aminomethylpyridine grafted silica gel as adsorbent and spectrophotometric detection, International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 15, 475–491.
- Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı. (2009). Atık Pil ve Akümülatörlerin Yönetimi. Çevre Yönetimi Genel Müdürlüğü Atık Yönetimi Dairesi Başkanlığı, Ankara.
- Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı. (2011). Özel Atık İstatistikleri (2003-2009), Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Çevre Yönetimi Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
- Gomes G.M.F., Mendes T.F., Wada K.. (2011). Reduction in toxicity and generation of slag in secendary lead process, Journal of Cleaner Production, 19, 1096-1103.
- Kaksonen A.H., Särkijärvi S., Puhakka J., Peuraniemi E., Junnikkala S, Tuovinen O. (2016). Chemical and bacterial leaching of metals from a smelter slag in acid solutions, Hydrometallurgy, 159, 46-53.
- Kreusch M.A., Ponte M.J.J.S., Ponte H.A., Kaminari N.M.S., Marino C.E.B., Mymrin V. (2007). Techonologial improvements in automotive battery recycling, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 52, 368-380.
- Kurt, O. (2012). Sözlü Görüşme, Mutlu Akü ve Malzemeleri San.A.Ş., Tuzla, 34940, İstanbul.
- Madencilik Özel İhtisas Komisyon Raporu. (2001). Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı, Ankara.
- Montgomery, D.C.(1997). Design and Analysis of Experiments, to Design, Data Analysis and Model Building, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
- Montgomery D.C., Runger G.C. and Hubele N.F.(2001). Engineering Statistics, John Wiley &Sons, Inc., New York.
- Ogundiran M.B., Nugteren H.W., Witkamp G.J. (2013). Immobilisation of lead smelting slag within spentaluminate – fly ash based geopolymers, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 248-249, 29-36.
- Smaniotto A., Antunes A., Filho I.D.N., Venquiaruto L.D., Oliveira D., Mossi A.,Luccio M.D., Treichel H., Dallago R. (2009). Qualitative lead extraction from recycled lead-acid batteries slag, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 172, 1677-1680.
- USEPA. (1992). Method 1311 Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure, United States Environmental Projection Agency.
Details
| Subjects | Environmental Engineering |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 27, 2017 |
| Submission Date | June 29, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017 |