FIELD STUDIES INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF KARSTIC FORMATIONS ON ENGINEERİNG STRUCTURES IN SIIRT PROVINCE

Murat Gülen; Ersin Ayhan

doi:10.17780/ksujes.1769559

TR EN

SİİRT İLİNDE KARSTİK OLUŞUMLARIN MÜHENDİSLİK YAPILARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİN SAHA ÇALIŞMALARI İLE İNCELENMESİ

Abstract

Kireçtaşı ve dolomit, yer altı ve yüzey sularına maruz kaldıklarında yavaşça çözünen karbonat kayaçlarıdır ve bu süreç karstik yapıların gelişimine neden olur. Zayıf karbonik asit içeren yağmur suyu, kayaçlardaki mevcut çatlak ve eklemleri genişleterek boşluklar, mağaralar ve yer altı kanalları oluşturur. Bu yapılar, yapı yükleri, yağış, yer altı su seviyesi değişimleri, iklimsel farklılıklar ve sismik etkiler gibi dış faktörlere oldukça duyarlıdır. Küçük hidrojeolojik veya dinamik değişiklikler bile zeminin stabilitesini bozarak ani oturma ya da çökme gibi sorunlara yol açar. Bu süreçlerin anlaşılması, karbonat zeminler üzerinde inşa edilen mühendislik yapılarının güvenliği için büyük önem taşır. Siirt ilinde karstik karbonat kayaçları, birçok mühendislik yapısının bulunduğu alanlarda yaygın olarak görülür. Bu birimler doğal koşullarda kararlı görünse de dış etkiler taşıma gücü kayıplarına ve yüzey deformasyonlarına neden olur. Bu çalışma kapsamında, 700’den fazla sondaj kaydı incelenmiş; 147 parselde jeofizik ölçümler ve arazi gözlemleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca ilin farklı bölgelerindeki vakalar analiz edilerek stabilite kaybı mekanizmaları belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, karst riski taşıyan alanlarda inşaata başlamadan önce kapsamlı geoteknik ve jeofizik araştırmalar yapılması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Güvenli ve sürdürülebilir kentleşme için jeolojik ve hidrojeolojik verilerin planlamaya entegre edilmesi de büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Keywords

FIELD STUDIES INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF KARSTIC FORMATIONS ON ENGINEERİNG STRUCTURES IN SIIRT PROVINCE

Abstract

Limestone and dolomite are carbonate rocks that gradually dissolve when exposed to groundwater and surface water, leading to the development of karstic features. Rainwater containing weak carbonic acid enlarges existing fractures and joints, forming voids, caves, and underground channels. These structures are highly sensitive to external influences such as structural loads, rainfall, groundwater fluctuations, climatic variations, and seismic activity. Even small hydrogeological or dynamic changes can disrupt the stability and cause sudden settlement or collapse. Understanding these processes is essential for ensuring the safety of engineering structures founded on carbonate terrains. In Siirt Province, karstic carbonate rocks are widespread in areas where various engineering structures are located. While these units seem stable under natural conditions, external factors can cause abrupt losses in bearing capacity and surface deformation, adversely affecting structural performance. This study evaluates more than 700 boreholes, supported by geophysical measurements and field observations across 147 plots. Additionally, several case studies were examined to identify mechanisms of stability loss in different parts of the province. The findings highlight that thorough geotechnical and geophysical investigations are necessary prior to construction in karst-prone zones. Integrating geological and hydrogeological data into urban planning is also crucial for ensuring safe and sustainable development.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Civil Geotechnical Engineering, Soil Mechanics in Civil Engineering

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Murat Gülen ^*
0000-0003-4143-9266
Türkiye

Ersin Ayhan
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 3, 2026

Submission Date

August 20, 2025

Acceptance Date

November 19, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 29 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1769559

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA46ZC72JJ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Gülen, M., & Ayhan, E. (2026). FIELD STUDIES INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF KARSTIC FORMATIONS ON ENGINEERİNG STRUCTURES IN SIIRT PROVINCE. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(1), 111-123. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1769559

AMA

1.Gülen M, Ayhan E. FIELD STUDIES INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF KARSTIC FORMATIONS ON ENGINEERİNG STRUCTURES IN SIIRT PROVINCE. KSU J. Eng. Sci. 2026;29(1):111-123. doi:10.17780/ksujes.1769559

Chicago

Gülen, Murat, and Ersin Ayhan. 2026. “FIELD STUDIES INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF KARSTIC FORMATIONS ON ENGINEERİNG STRUCTURES IN SIIRT PROVINCE”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 29 (1): 111-23. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1769559.

EndNote

Gülen M, Ayhan E (March 1, 2026) FIELD STUDIES INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF KARSTIC FORMATIONS ON ENGINEERİNG STRUCTURES IN SIIRT PROVINCE. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 29 1 111–123.

IEEE

[1]M. Gülen and E. Ayhan, “FIELD STUDIES INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF KARSTIC FORMATIONS ON ENGINEERİNG STRUCTURES IN SIIRT PROVINCE”, KSU J. Eng. Sci., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 111–123, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.17780/ksujes.1769559.

ISNAD

Gülen, Murat - Ayhan, Ersin. “FIELD STUDIES INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF KARSTIC FORMATIONS ON ENGINEERİNG STRUCTURES IN SIIRT PROVINCE”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 29/1 (March 1, 2026): 111-123. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1769559.

JAMA

1.Gülen M, Ayhan E. FIELD STUDIES INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF KARSTIC FORMATIONS ON ENGINEERİNG STRUCTURES IN SIIRT PROVINCE. KSU J. Eng. Sci. 2026;29:111–123.

MLA

Gülen, Murat, and Ersin Ayhan. “FIELD STUDIES INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF KARSTIC FORMATIONS ON ENGINEERİNG STRUCTURES IN SIIRT PROVINCE”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 29, no. 1, Mar. 2026, pp. 111-23, doi:10.17780/ksujes.1769559.

Vancouver

1.Murat Gülen, Ersin Ayhan. FIELD STUDIES INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF KARSTIC FORMATIONS ON ENGINEERİNG STRUCTURES IN SIIRT PROVINCE. KSU J. Eng. Sci. 2026 Mar. 1;29(1):111-23. doi:10.17780/ksujes.1769559