Research Article

DESIGN AND MEASUREMENT OF A VIA-FREE OPEN-STUB 3-GHZ DISCRETE BJT LOW-NOISE AMPLIFIER

Volume: 28 Number: 4 December 3, 2025
EN TR

DESIGN AND MEASUREMENT OF A VIA-FREE OPEN-STUB 3-GHZ DISCRETE BJT LOW-NOISE AMPLIFIER

Abstract

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and measurement of a 3 GHz single-stage discrete bipolar junction transistor (BJT) low-noise amplifier (LNA) for S-band wireless communication applications. To minimize parasitic effects, simplify fabrication, and enable post-production tuning, the proposed design employs via-free open-stub microstrip matching networks and transmission-line biasing in place of conventional lumped components. Source and load terminations are selected from constant-gain and stability circles, synthesized through a double-stub approach, and validated using circuit/electromagnetic (EM) co-simulation in AWR and Sonnet. A prototype was implemented on a 60 mil RO4003C substrate and biased at VCE = 3 V, IC ≈ 15 mA. Measured performance includes 9.2 dB gain, a 1.5 dB noise figure (NF) at 3 GHz, and input VSWR < 2 across 2.7–3.3 GHz (≈20% fractional bandwidth). Two-tone testing with Δf ≈ 2 MHz confirms an IIP3 of −11 ± 5 dBm. The proposed work makes three key contributions: (i) it minimizes vias and lumped parts while maintaining wide bandwidth, (ii) it provides a practical workflow for termination selection based on stability and gain circles, and (iii) it demonstrates a low-cost, fabrication-friendly design with measured validation. These results confirm the LNA’s suitability for compact, wideband receiver front-ends in satellite communication, wireless backhaul, radar, and IoT systems.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Engineering Electromagnetics

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 3, 2025

Submission Date

August 27, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 20, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 28 Number: 4

APA
Kök, M. O. (2025). DESIGN AND MEASUREMENT OF A VIA-FREE OPEN-STUB 3-GHZ DISCRETE BJT LOW-NOISE AMPLIFIER. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 28(4), 2070-2079. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1772932