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ASFALT ATIĞI VE AFŞİN-ELBİSTAN UÇUCU KÜLÜNÜN KUMLU-KİL ZEMİNLERİN MÜHENDİSLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

Year 2024, , 1173 - 1184, 03.12.2024

Muhammet Çınar

https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1417772

Abstract

Bu deneysel çalışmada, Kahramanmaraş depremi sonrasında oluşan asfalt atığının (AW) kumlu-kil zeminlerin geoteknik özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bölgede yaygın olarak üretilen Afşin Elbistan uçucu külü (AEFA) de ilave edilerek etkisi belirlenmiştir. Killi-kumlu zeminlerin mühendislik özellikleri belirlendikten sonra ağırlıkça %5,10,15,20 oranlarında AW ilave edilerek karışımlar hazırlanmıştır. Karışımlar, %15 AEFA sabit oranında %5,10,15,15,20 AW eklenerek hazırlanmıştır. Numuneler üzerinde atterberg limiti, standart proktor, serbest basınç dayanımı (UCS), kesme kutusu deneyi ve Kaliforniya taşıma oranı (CBR) testleri yapılmıştır. Proctor testi sonuçlarına göre, zemine karıştırılan AW oranı arttıkça kuru birim hacim ağırlığın arttığı ve optimum su içeriğinin azaldığı görülmüştür. UCS'nin AW ilavesi ile arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. AW eklendiğinde iç sürtünme açısının artığını ve AEFA eklenmesi ile kohezyonun artığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, AW ve AEFA'nın kumlu- kil zeminlerde kuru ağırlıkça %15 AW ve %15 AEFA olarak kullanılmasının zemin geoteknik özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesinde etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca deprem ve endüstriyel yan ürün atıklarının bertarafının çevreye ve ekonomiye katkı sağlayacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

Asfalt atıkları Afşin-Elbistan uçucu külü zemin stabilizasyonu kumlu kil zeminler Kahramanmaraş depremi

References

  • Abed, M. H., Abbas, I. S., & Canakci, H. (2023). Effect of glass powder on the rheological and mechanical properties of slag-based mechanochemical activation geopolymer grout. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 27(12), 3628-3652. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2022.2145374
  • Aksoy, H. S., & Yıldırım, A. (2023). Geri Dönüştürülmüş Beton Agregası Katkısının Kumlu Zeminlerin Mukavemet Parametreleri Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi. Karaelmas Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 13(2), 316-328. https://doi.org/10.7212/karaelmasfen.1361805
  • ASTM C618-19. (2019). Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete. American Society of Testing Materials: West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D698-12. (2012). Standart Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristic of Soil Using Standart Effort. ASTM International. West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D1883-21. (2021). Standard Test Method for California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of Laboratory-Compacted Soils, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D2166/D2166M-16. (2016). Standard Test Method for Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soil, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D3080/D3080M-11. (2011). Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D4318-10. (2010). Standard test methods for liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index of soils, ASTM int. West Conshohocken, PA.
  • Bhatt, A., & Suman, S. (2022). Evaluation of the Effect of RAP and Lime on Geotechnical Properties of Clayey Soil. International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 10,9, 2531-2541. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41839
  • Bilgen, G., & Altuntas, O. F. (2023). Sustainable re-use of waste glass, cement and lime treated dredged material as pavement material. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 18, e01815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01815
  • Canakci, H., Aram, A. L., & Celik, F. (2016). Stabilization of clay with waste soda lime glass powder. Procedia Engineering, 161, 600-605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.705
  • Canakci, H., Güllü, H., & Dwle, M. I. K. (2018). Effect of glass powder added grout for deep mixing of marginal sand with clay. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 43(4), 1583-1595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369.017.2655.3
  • Celik, F., & Canakci, H. (2015). An investigation of rheological properties of cement-based grout mixed with rice husk ash (RHA). Construction and Building Materials, 91, 187-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.025
  • Cinar, M., Karpuzcu, M., & Çanakcı, H. (2019). Effect of waste marble powder and fly ash on the rheological characteristics of cement based grout. Civil Engineering Journal, 5(4), 777-788. https://doi.org/10.28991/cej.2019.03091287
  • Cinar, M. (2023). Investigation of Mechanical and Physical Features of Cementitious Jet Grout Applications for Various Soil Types. Buildings, 13(11), 2833. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112833
  • Cinar, M. (2024a) Utilization of Earthquake Demolition Wastes and Afşin–Elbistan Fly Ash for Soil Improvement after the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake (6 February 2023). Sustainability, 16, 538. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020538
  • Cinar, M. (2024b) Kahramanmaraş Depremi Sonrası Oluşan Gaz Beton Atıkları ile Stabilize Edilmiş Killi Kum Zeminin Geoteknik Özelliklerinin Araştırılması. DÜMF MD, 15 (1), 269-275. https://doi.org/10.24012/dumf.1404478
  • Çimen, Ö., & Keleş, E. (2020). Yüksek Plastisiteli Bir Kilin Mühendislik Özelliklerine Uçucu Kül ve Kireç Katkılarının Etkisi. İleri Mühendislik Çalışmaları ve Teknolojileri Dergisi, 1(2), 80-90.
  • Doğdu, G., & Alkan, S. N. (2023). Deprem Sonrası Oluşan İnşaat ve Yıkıntı Atıklarının Değerlendirilmesi: 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Depremleri. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1), 38-50.
  • Güllü, H., Canakci, H., & Al Zangana, I. F. (2017). Use of cement based grout with glass powder for deep mixing. Construction and Building Materials, 137, 12-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.01.070
  • Güllü, H., Cevik, A., Al-Ezzi, K. M., & Gülsan, M. E. (2019). On the rheology of using geopolymer for grouting: A comparative study with cement-based grout included fly ash and cold bonded fly ash. Construction and Building Materials, 196, 594-610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.140
  • Güllü, H., Yetim, M. E., & Bacak Güllü, E. (2023). On the rheological, fresh and strength effects of using nano-silica added geopolymer grout for grouting columns. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 28(5), 1183-1207. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2023.2245867
  • Hakan, G. (2010). Influence of Afşin-Elbistan highly lime fly ash on engineering behavior of a cohesive soil. Sci. Res. Essays, 5, 1307–1316.
  • Ibrahim, O. R., Sinani, M. A., Sinani, I. A., Shibli, B. A., Al Badi, A., & Maghawry, S. A. (2023). Effects of Metal Waste Strips on Strength Characteristics of Road Base Material. Sustainability, 15(12), 9824. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129824
  • Korkmaz, B., Taştan, Ş., Dayioğlu, A. Y., & Hatipoğlu, M. (2023). Geri Dönüştürülebilir Atık Malzemelerin Geoteknik Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırmalı Olarak İncelenmesi. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 39(1), 1-12.
  • Lima, D., Arrieta-Baldovino, J., & Izzo, R. L. (2023). Sustainable Use of Recycled Asphalt Pavement in Soil Stabilization. Civil Engineering Journal, 9(9), 2315-2329. https://doi.org/10.28991/CEJ.2023.09.09.016
  • Look, B. G. (2007). Handbook of geotechnical investigation and design tables. Taylor & Francis. Seferoğlu, A. G., Seferoğlu, M. T., Akpınar, M. V., & Çelik, M. (2020). Plent-miks temel tabakası yapımında kazınmış asfalt kaplama (RAP) malzemesi kullanımı ve ekonomik analizi. Politeknik Dergisi, 23(4), 1327-1338. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.631698
  • Sidhu, N., Goyal, S., & Reddy, M. S. (2024). Crack Bioremediation in Concrete by Photoautotrophic Cyanobacteria through Fly Ash–Based Cementitious Biogrout. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 36(2), 04023567. https://doi.org/10.1061/jmcee7.mteng.16301
  • Temiz, H., Elbistan, K., & Paköz, B. (2021). Afşin-Elbistan Termik Santral Külünün Standarda Uygun Hale Getirilmesi ve Beton Katkısı Olarak Değerlendirilmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(3), 799-813. https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaumfd.1005796
  • TS EN 197-1. (2002) Çimento-Bölüm 1: Genel Çimentolar-Bileşim, Özellikler ve Uygunluk Kriterleri, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü.
  • URL1 https://www.evrensel.net/haber/481994/depremde-otoyol-ve-kara-yollarinda-derin-yarik-ve-cokmeler-olustu/ Erişim Tarihi 09.01.2023
  • URL2 https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/kahramanmaras-merkezli-depremler-bazi-koy-ve-mahalle-yollarini-harap-etti/2817070 Erişim Tarihi 09.01.2023

THE EFFECT OF ASPHALT WASTE AND AFŞIN-ELBISTAN FLY ASH ON THE ENGINEERING FEATURES OF SANDY-CLAY SOILS

Year 2024, , 1173 - 1184, 03.12.2024

Muhammet Çınar

https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1417772

Abstract

In this experimental study, the impact of asphalt waste (AW) generated after the Kahramanmaraş earthquake on the geotechnical features of sandy-clay soils was examined. Afşin Elbistan fly ash (AEFA), which is widely produced in the region, was also added, and its effect was determined. After determining the engineering characteristics of the sandy-clay soil, mixtures were prepared by adding AW at the rates of 5,10,15,20% by weight. Mixtures were prepared by adding 5,10,15,15,20% AW at a constant rate of 15% AEFA. Atterberg limit, standard proctor, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), shear box, and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests were conducted on the samples. According to the results of the Proctor test, it is seen that the dry density increases and the optimum water content decreases as the proportion of AW mixed into soil increases. It was found that UCS improved with the addition of AW. It was observed that the internal friction angle increased with the addition of AW, and the cohesion increased with the addition of AEFA. As a result, it was determined that the use of AW and AEFA as 15% AW and 15% AEFA by dry weight in Sandy clay soil affects improving soil geotechnical properties. It is also concluded that the disposal of earthquake and industrial by-product waste will contribute to the environment and economy.

Keywords

Asphalt waste Afşin-Elbistan fly ash soil stabilization sandy clay soil Kahramanmaraş earthquake

References

  • Abed, M. H., Abbas, I. S., & Canakci, H. (2023). Effect of glass powder on the rheological and mechanical properties of slag-based mechanochemical activation geopolymer grout. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 27(12), 3628-3652. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2022.2145374
  • Aksoy, H. S., & Yıldırım, A. (2023). Geri Dönüştürülmüş Beton Agregası Katkısının Kumlu Zeminlerin Mukavemet Parametreleri Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi. Karaelmas Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 13(2), 316-328. https://doi.org/10.7212/karaelmasfen.1361805
  • ASTM C618-19. (2019). Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete. American Society of Testing Materials: West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D698-12. (2012). Standart Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristic of Soil Using Standart Effort. ASTM International. West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D1883-21. (2021). Standard Test Method for California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of Laboratory-Compacted Soils, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D2166/D2166M-16. (2016). Standard Test Method for Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soil, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D3080/D3080M-11. (2011). Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D4318-10. (2010). Standard test methods for liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index of soils, ASTM int. West Conshohocken, PA.
  • Bhatt, A., & Suman, S. (2022). Evaluation of the Effect of RAP and Lime on Geotechnical Properties of Clayey Soil. International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 10,9, 2531-2541. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41839
  • Bilgen, G., & Altuntas, O. F. (2023). Sustainable re-use of waste glass, cement and lime treated dredged material as pavement material. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 18, e01815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01815
  • Canakci, H., Aram, A. L., & Celik, F. (2016). Stabilization of clay with waste soda lime glass powder. Procedia Engineering, 161, 600-605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.705
  • Canakci, H., Güllü, H., & Dwle, M. I. K. (2018). Effect of glass powder added grout for deep mixing of marginal sand with clay. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 43(4), 1583-1595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369.017.2655.3
  • Celik, F., & Canakci, H. (2015). An investigation of rheological properties of cement-based grout mixed with rice husk ash (RHA). Construction and Building Materials, 91, 187-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.025
  • Cinar, M., Karpuzcu, M., & Çanakcı, H. (2019). Effect of waste marble powder and fly ash on the rheological characteristics of cement based grout. Civil Engineering Journal, 5(4), 777-788. https://doi.org/10.28991/cej.2019.03091287
  • Cinar, M. (2023). Investigation of Mechanical and Physical Features of Cementitious Jet Grout Applications for Various Soil Types. Buildings, 13(11), 2833. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112833
  • Cinar, M. (2024a) Utilization of Earthquake Demolition Wastes and Afşin–Elbistan Fly Ash for Soil Improvement after the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake (6 February 2023). Sustainability, 16, 538. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020538
  • Cinar, M. (2024b) Kahramanmaraş Depremi Sonrası Oluşan Gaz Beton Atıkları ile Stabilize Edilmiş Killi Kum Zeminin Geoteknik Özelliklerinin Araştırılması. DÜMF MD, 15 (1), 269-275. https://doi.org/10.24012/dumf.1404478
  • Çimen, Ö., & Keleş, E. (2020). Yüksek Plastisiteli Bir Kilin Mühendislik Özelliklerine Uçucu Kül ve Kireç Katkılarının Etkisi. İleri Mühendislik Çalışmaları ve Teknolojileri Dergisi, 1(2), 80-90.
  • Doğdu, G., & Alkan, S. N. (2023). Deprem Sonrası Oluşan İnşaat ve Yıkıntı Atıklarının Değerlendirilmesi: 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Depremleri. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1), 38-50.
  • Güllü, H., Canakci, H., & Al Zangana, I. F. (2017). Use of cement based grout with glass powder for deep mixing. Construction and Building Materials, 137, 12-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.01.070
  • Güllü, H., Cevik, A., Al-Ezzi, K. M., & Gülsan, M. E. (2019). On the rheology of using geopolymer for grouting: A comparative study with cement-based grout included fly ash and cold bonded fly ash. Construction and Building Materials, 196, 594-610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.140
  • Güllü, H., Yetim, M. E., & Bacak Güllü, E. (2023). On the rheological, fresh and strength effects of using nano-silica added geopolymer grout for grouting columns. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 28(5), 1183-1207. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2023.2245867
  • Hakan, G. (2010). Influence of Afşin-Elbistan highly lime fly ash on engineering behavior of a cohesive soil. Sci. Res. Essays, 5, 1307–1316.
  • Ibrahim, O. R., Sinani, M. A., Sinani, I. A., Shibli, B. A., Al Badi, A., & Maghawry, S. A. (2023). Effects of Metal Waste Strips on Strength Characteristics of Road Base Material. Sustainability, 15(12), 9824. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129824
  • Korkmaz, B., Taştan, Ş., Dayioğlu, A. Y., & Hatipoğlu, M. (2023). Geri Dönüştürülebilir Atık Malzemelerin Geoteknik Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırmalı Olarak İncelenmesi. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 39(1), 1-12.
  • Lima, D., Arrieta-Baldovino, J., & Izzo, R. L. (2023). Sustainable Use of Recycled Asphalt Pavement in Soil Stabilization. Civil Engineering Journal, 9(9), 2315-2329. https://doi.org/10.28991/CEJ.2023.09.09.016
  • Look, B. G. (2007). Handbook of geotechnical investigation and design tables. Taylor & Francis. Seferoğlu, A. G., Seferoğlu, M. T., Akpınar, M. V., & Çelik, M. (2020). Plent-miks temel tabakası yapımında kazınmış asfalt kaplama (RAP) malzemesi kullanımı ve ekonomik analizi. Politeknik Dergisi, 23(4), 1327-1338. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.631698
  • Sidhu, N., Goyal, S., & Reddy, M. S. (2024). Crack Bioremediation in Concrete by Photoautotrophic Cyanobacteria through Fly Ash–Based Cementitious Biogrout. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 36(2), 04023567. https://doi.org/10.1061/jmcee7.mteng.16301
  • Temiz, H., Elbistan, K., & Paköz, B. (2021). Afşin-Elbistan Termik Santral Külünün Standarda Uygun Hale Getirilmesi ve Beton Katkısı Olarak Değerlendirilmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(3), 799-813. https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaumfd.1005796
  • TS EN 197-1. (2002) Çimento-Bölüm 1: Genel Çimentolar-Bileşim, Özellikler ve Uygunluk Kriterleri, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü.
  • URL1 https://www.evrensel.net/haber/481994/depremde-otoyol-ve-kara-yollarinda-derin-yarik-ve-cokmeler-olustu/ Erişim Tarihi 09.01.2023
  • URL2 https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/kahramanmaras-merkezli-depremler-bazi-koy-ve-mahalle-yollarini-harap-etti/2817070 Erişim Tarihi 09.01.2023
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Civil Geotechnical Engineering, Soil Mechanics in Civil Engineering
Journal Section Civil Engineering
Authors

Muhammet Çınar 0000-0001-5475-7787

Publication Date December 3, 2024
Submission Date January 10, 2024
Acceptance Date April 6, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Çınar, M. (2024). THE EFFECT OF ASPHALT WASTE AND AFŞIN-ELBISTAN FLY ASH ON THE ENGINEERING FEATURES OF SANDY-CLAY SOILS. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(4), 1173-1184. https://doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1417772