SOĞUKTA ŞEKİL VERİLMİŞ ÇELİK KESİTLERİN GÖVDE EZİLMESİ DAYANIMI BELİLENMESİNDE KULLANILAN GÜNCEL İKİ STANDARTIN İNCELENMESİ
Öz
İnşaat sektöründe kullanımı son yıllarda oldukça popüler hale gelen soğukta şekil verilmiş çelik (Cold Formed Steel, CFS) kesitlerin mesnet ve diğer elemanlardan kaynaklı tekil yükleme durumunda oluşan gövde ezilmesi davranışı tasarım açısından oldukça önemli bir davranıştır. Bu çalışmada CFS kanal kesitlerin gövde ezilmesi dayanımını belirlemek amacıyla kullanımı öne çıkan TS EN 1993-1-3 ve AISI S100-16 standartlarının uygulanması ve yaklaşım farklılıklarını göstermek amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca bu iki standardın dayanım tahminleri sonlu elemanlar yöntemi kullanılarak oluşturulan modellerin tahminleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda TS EN 1993-1-3 standardının genel olarak güvenli tarafta kalarak tutucu sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür. Ancak her iki standardın sonlu elemanlar analizi sonuçlarına göre oldukça tutucu tahminlerinin olduğu görülmüştür.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Soğuk şekil verilmiş çelik gövde ezilmesi AISI S100-16 TS EN 1993-1-3 Sonlu elemanlar analizi
Teşekkür
Bu çalışmada bulunan sonlu elemanlar analizlerinde sunduğu yardımlar için Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, İnşaat Mühendisliği bölümü öğretim üyesi Prof. Dr. BABÜR DELİKTAŞ’ teşekkürlerimi sunarım.
Kaynakça
- AISI S100-16. (2012). Specifications for the cold-formed steel structural members, cold-formed steel design manual. American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI).
- Alsanat, H., Gunalan, S., Guan, H., Keerthan, P., & Bull, J. (2019) Experimental study of aluminium lipped channel sections subjected to web crippling under two flange load cases. Thin-Walled Struct. 141, 460–476.
- Bhakta, B.H., LaBoube, R.A., & Yu, W.W. (1992). The effect of flange restraint on web crippling strength. Missouri University of Science and Technology, CCFSS Library (1939 - present), 90.
- Beshara, B., & Schuster, R. (2000) Web crippling of cold formed steel C-and Z-sections. 15th International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures. University of Missouri—Rolla.
- Eurocode. (2007). Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-3: General rules - Supplementary rules for cold-formed members and sheeting. European Committee for Standardization.
- Holesapple, and R. LaBoube. (2003). Web crippling of cold-formed steel beams at end supports,” Engineering structures, vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 1211-1216. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(03)00076-2.
- Gunalan, S. & Mahendran, M. (2015). Web crippling tests of cold-formed steel channels under two flange load cases. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 110, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.01.018.
- Lian, Y., Uzzaman, A., Lim, J. B., Abdelal, G., Nash, D., & Young, B. (2016). Effect of web holes on web crippling strength of cold-formed steel channel sections under end-one-flange loading condition–Part I: Tests and finite element analysis. Thin-Walled Structures, 107, 443-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2016.06.025.
- Macdonald, M., Don, M. A. H., Kotelko, M., & Rhodes, J. (2011). Web crippling behaviour of thin-walled lipped channel beams. Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 682-690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2010.09.010.
- Macdonald, M., & Heiyantuduwa, M. A. (2012) A design rule for web crippling of cold-formed steel lipped channel beams based on nonlinear FEA. Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 53, pp. 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2012.01.003.
- Natario, P., Silvestre, N., & Camotim, D. (2016). Direct strength prediction of web crippling failure of beams under ETF loading. Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 98, pp. 360-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2015.09.012.
- Prabakaran, K., & Schuster, R. (1998). Web Crippling of Cold-Formed Steel Members. 14th International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (151-164). Department of Civil Engineering Center for Cold-formed Steel Structures University of Missouri – Rolla.
- Rhodes, J., & Nash, D. (1998). An investigation of web crushing behaviour in thin-walled beams. Thin-Walled Structures, 32(1-3), 207-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8231(98)00035-4.
- Santaputra, C., Parks, M.B., & Yu, W.W. (1989). Web crippling strength of cold-formed steel beams. Journal of structural engineering, 115(10): 2511-2527. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1989)115:10(2511).
- Sundararajah, L., Mahendran, M., & Keerthan, P. (2016). Experimental Studies of Lipped Channel Beams Subject to Web Crippling under Two-Flange Load Case. Journal of Structural Engineering, 142-9. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001523.
- Sundararajah, L., Mahendran, M., & Keerthan, P. (2017). Web crippling studies of SupaCee sections under two flange load cases. Engineering Structures, vol. 153, pp. 582-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.09.058.
- Young, B., & Hancock, G. J. (2001) Design of cold-formed channels subjected to web crippling. Journal of Structural Engineering-Asce, vol. 127, no. 10, pp. 1137-1144. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:10(1137).
- Yu, W. W., & Hetrakul, N. (1978). Webs for cold formed steel flexural members structural behavior of beam webs subjected to web crippling and a combination of web crippling and bending. Missouri University of Science and Technology, CCFSS Library (1939- present), 194.
- Yu, W. W., LaBoube, R. A., & Chen H. (2000). Cold-formed steel design. John Wiley & Sons. Winter, G., & Pian, R.H.J. (1946). Crushing strength of thin steel webs. Cornell Bulletin 35:Part 1. Cornell University.
AN INVESTIGATION OF TWO CURRENT STANDARDS FOR DETERMINING THE WEB-CRIPPLING STRENGTH OF COLD-FORMED STEEL SECTIONS
Öz
The web-crippling behavior of cold-formed steel (CFS) sections, which have become very popular in the construction industry in recent years, is critical in design. In this study, the following results were obtained from applying TS EN 1993-1-3 and AISI S100-16 standards, which are prominently used to determine the body crushing strength of CFS channel sections and to show the differences in approach. In addition, the strength predictions of these two standards were compared with the predictions of the models created using the finite element method. As a result of the study, it was seen that the TS EN 1993-1-3 standard generally gives conservative results by staying on the safe side. However, according to the effects of finite element analysis of both measures, it is seen that they have very conservative predictions.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Cold-formed steel web crippling AISI S100-16 TS EN 1993-1-3 Finite element analysis
Kaynakça
- AISI S100-16. (2012). Specifications for the cold-formed steel structural members, cold-formed steel design manual. American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI).
- Alsanat, H., Gunalan, S., Guan, H., Keerthan, P., & Bull, J. (2019) Experimental study of aluminium lipped channel sections subjected to web crippling under two flange load cases. Thin-Walled Struct. 141, 460–476.
- Bhakta, B.H., LaBoube, R.A., & Yu, W.W. (1992). The effect of flange restraint on web crippling strength. Missouri University of Science and Technology, CCFSS Library (1939 - present), 90.
- Beshara, B., & Schuster, R. (2000) Web crippling of cold formed steel C-and Z-sections. 15th International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures. University of Missouri—Rolla.
- Eurocode. (2007). Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-3: General rules - Supplementary rules for cold-formed members and sheeting. European Committee for Standardization.
- Holesapple, and R. LaBoube. (2003). Web crippling of cold-formed steel beams at end supports,” Engineering structures, vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 1211-1216. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(03)00076-2.
- Gunalan, S. & Mahendran, M. (2015). Web crippling tests of cold-formed steel channels under two flange load cases. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 110, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.01.018.
- Lian, Y., Uzzaman, A., Lim, J. B., Abdelal, G., Nash, D., & Young, B. (2016). Effect of web holes on web crippling strength of cold-formed steel channel sections under end-one-flange loading condition–Part I: Tests and finite element analysis. Thin-Walled Structures, 107, 443-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2016.06.025.
- Macdonald, M., Don, M. A. H., Kotelko, M., & Rhodes, J. (2011). Web crippling behaviour of thin-walled lipped channel beams. Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 682-690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2010.09.010.
- Macdonald, M., & Heiyantuduwa, M. A. (2012) A design rule for web crippling of cold-formed steel lipped channel beams based on nonlinear FEA. Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 53, pp. 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2012.01.003.
- Natario, P., Silvestre, N., & Camotim, D. (2016). Direct strength prediction of web crippling failure of beams under ETF loading. Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 98, pp. 360-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2015.09.012.
- Prabakaran, K., & Schuster, R. (1998). Web Crippling of Cold-Formed Steel Members. 14th International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (151-164). Department of Civil Engineering Center for Cold-formed Steel Structures University of Missouri – Rolla.
- Rhodes, J., & Nash, D. (1998). An investigation of web crushing behaviour in thin-walled beams. Thin-Walled Structures, 32(1-3), 207-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8231(98)00035-4.
- Santaputra, C., Parks, M.B., & Yu, W.W. (1989). Web crippling strength of cold-formed steel beams. Journal of structural engineering, 115(10): 2511-2527. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1989)115:10(2511).
- Sundararajah, L., Mahendran, M., & Keerthan, P. (2016). Experimental Studies of Lipped Channel Beams Subject to Web Crippling under Two-Flange Load Case. Journal of Structural Engineering, 142-9. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001523.
- Sundararajah, L., Mahendran, M., & Keerthan, P. (2017). Web crippling studies of SupaCee sections under two flange load cases. Engineering Structures, vol. 153, pp. 582-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.09.058.
- Young, B., & Hancock, G. J. (2001) Design of cold-formed channels subjected to web crippling. Journal of Structural Engineering-Asce, vol. 127, no. 10, pp. 1137-1144. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:10(1137).
- Yu, W. W., & Hetrakul, N. (1978). Webs for cold formed steel flexural members structural behavior of beam webs subjected to web crippling and a combination of web crippling and bending. Missouri University of Science and Technology, CCFSS Library (1939- present), 194.
- Yu, W. W., LaBoube, R. A., & Chen H. (2000). Cold-formed steel design. John Wiley & Sons. Winter, G., & Pian, R.H.J. (1946). Crushing strength of thin steel webs. Cornell Bulletin 35:Part 1. Cornell University.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Çelik Yapılar |
| Bölüm | İnşaat Mühendisliği |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 3 Mart 2024 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 30 Ekim 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 11 Şubat 2024 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 |